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On March 22, Stephon Clark was gunned down by police in her grandmother's backyard in Sacramento, California. The black father had been persecuted by agents who were looking for a man who had broken windows of a car. Assuming that Clark was armed, he was shot 20 times. The death of this 22-year-old is the last case of the long list of police abuses.

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On April 12, Freddie Gray passed away after being detained for fleeing agents who intended to oversee him. His death, following an injury to his spine, adds to those of another 258 African American people who died in the hands of the police in 2015. The case provoked violent protests that led the authorities to decree curfew in the city of Baltimore.

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A survey by the Associated Press concluded that, four years after the U.S. elected its first black president, most Americans express bias against this population. 56% of the participants showed anti-African American sentiments, seven porcentauales points more than in 2008.

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On November 4, Democratic candidate Barack Obama won the election and became the country's first black president. "It has been a long time, but tonight, the change has come to the United States," he said to thousands of followers the 44 ° chief of the White House. At his retirement in 2017, he would leave his post with a 60% approval.

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On October 16th, "The march of the Million men" was held, in which about 800,000 black people showed up around the National Mall in Washington DC. The purpose of this agglomeration was "to transmit a different image" and to relocate the Afro-American population on the national political agenda: their unemployment was almost twice that of the whites, the poverty rate in their community exceeded 40% and the family income did not They even reached 60% of caucasian households.

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This year, racial riots exploded in Los Angeles, which were known as "Rodney King's revolt." This was a 27-year-old black taxi driver, with parole, who was beaten by four policemen for running away from them on the road. Although the fact was recorded, a jury almost completely white acquitted those involved. Coupled with the tension with the agents and the high unemployment of the Afro-American population, this case generated riots for six days, those who ended up with 63 people dead, more than 2,300 wounded and over 12000 arrests.

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General Colin Powell, of Jamaican origin, becomes the first African-American chief of staff during the Gulf War. He would later serve as Secretary of state in the George Bush Jr. government.

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In honor of the birthday of Luther King Jr., born on January 15, 1929, it becomes a holiday on the third Monday in January. On this day educational establishments teach about their work and promote equality

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The Fair Housing act became law on April 11, 1968, just days after King’s assassination. It prevented housing discrimination based on race, sex, national origin and religion. It was also the last legislation enacted during the civil rights era.

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Martin Luther King Jr., who fought for social justice and Equal rights for African-Americans, died at 39 years on the afternoon of April 4. He died from a bullet in his throat, shot by a white segregationist that ended with 99 years in prison. At his funeral attended 300,000 people, there were riots in 125 cities and declared a day of national mourning, the first by an African American.

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On September 9, the Civil Rights Act was promulgated, which stated that all Americans — even African-Americans — had a constitutional right to vote for federal officials: President, vice president and members of the U.S. Congress

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The 42-year-old "colored" citizen, Rosa Parks, is arrested for refusing to give up her place to a target on an Alabama bus. Then there was a line separating the vehicles so that the Caucasian and the blacks were seated at the front. His incarceration aroused the boycott of Montgomery's buses and is recognized as "the first Lady of civil rights" in the United States. The following year, segregation is declared illegal.

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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Encouraged African-American families to try to enroll their children in white-only schools. The expected refusal of these schools served to file a joint lawsuit, which ended with the Supreme Court stating that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal", prohibiting segregation in these spaces.

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The Supreme Court legalizes segregation under the doctrine "separate but equal", in Spanish, following the case of Homer Plessy: a young semi-African American who used the designated white seats on a Louisiana railroad, which was Considered an "act of civil disobedience" by failing to abide by a state law requiring places for each race on public transport. The supremacist, homophobic and far right organization Ku Klux Klan (KKK) attacks against them

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Proposal two years earlier, the 14th Amendment is ratified. It claims that every person born in the United States enjoys the same rights and is destined to protect-just-the civil rights of former slaves. "No state will deprive any person of his or her life, freedom or property without due process of law; Nor will it deny to anyone, within its jurisdiction, the protection of the laws on an equal footing, "the document declares.

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Slavery was abolished with the adoption of the 13th Amendment. She notes that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude will exist in the United States or any place subject to its jurisdiction, except as punishment for a crime of which the person has been duly convicted."

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It is estimated that 12.5 million of Africans were sent to the new World, of which 388,000 landed in the regions that now form the United States. Of these, 95% were based in the south to work on the cotton or tobacco plantations, subjected to physical punishment. On September 22, this year, President Abraham Lincoln announces the preliminary emancipation of blacks in the Confederate States of the South, as a "fit and necessary" measure to paralyze the use of slaves in the Civil War

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From a Spanish colony in Angola, located in southwestern Africa, the first black slaves arrived in Virginia. They amounted to 20 in total and had been stolen by a British ship to a Portuguese one on the coast of Veracruz in Mexico. Their homelands were the kingdoms of Ndongo and Kongo, which were conquered in the 16th century.

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Prior to World War II, most blacks were  farmers, factory workers, domestics or servants. By the early 1940s, war-related work was rising, but most blacks weren’t given the better paying jobs. They couldn´t join the military army.

President  Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802. It opened national defense jobs and other government jobs to all Americans regardless of race, creed, color or national origin.

Black men and women served heroically in World War II, despite suffering segregation and discrimination during their deployment.

As the Cold War began, President  Truman initiated a civil rights agenda, and in 1948 issued Executive Order 9981 to end discrimination in the military.

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It was a struggle for social justice that took place mainly during the 1950s and 1960s for blacks to obtain equal rights under the law in the USA. The Civil War had officially stopped slavery, but it didn’t end discrimination against blacks—they continued the devastating effects of racism. By the mid-20th century, African Americans had more than enough of prejudice and violence against them. They, along with many whites, began a fight for equality that lasted two decades.

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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial discrimination in the Southern USA. Started in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by white Democratic-dominated state legislatures after the Reconstruction period. Jim Crow laws mandated racial discrimination in the states of the former Confederate States of America, starting in the 1870s and 1880s, and were upheld in 1896, by the U.S. Supreme Court's "separate but equal" legal doctrine for facilities for African Americans, established with the court's decision in the case of Plessy vs. Ferguson. Moreover, public education had essentially been segregated since its establishment in most of the South, after the Civil War (1861–65).