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We can find a sense of meta-writing in this novel where we read about the narrator writing the story. It creates again an ambiguity around the narrator and the writings but also in the fact that in one hand, writing seams to help her and on an other hand, be a part of the narrator falling into craziness.

‘‘We have been here two weeks, and I haven't felt like writing before, since that first day.

I am sitting by the window now, up in this atrocious nursery, and there is nothing to hinder my writing as much as I save lack of strength.’’ p 649

‘‘I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write_ a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me.’’ p 649

We encountered a 1st person narrator that write to us that she didn’t wrote since she has arrived in the mansion. She knows that writing will help her and it is tiring her at the same time so we can questioned the responsibility of the reader in the process of her getting mad.

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Point: The narrator is aware of her own condition

Example: "I get unreasonably angry with John sometimes. I'm sure I never used to be so sensitive. I think it is due to this nervous condition"

Explain: This proves that the narrator knows what's going on in her mind, and she's aware that she isn't sane and also blames her behavior on herself.

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Point: The narrator becomes the woman in the wall paper

Example: "I got out at last," said I, "in spite of you and Jane. And I pulled of most of the paper, so you can't put me back!"

Explain: At the end of the short story the narrator becomes her illness, because it fills so much in her life, and it becomes her everything

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Point: The woman in the wallpaper is a symbolism of her state of mind

Example: "I've got a rope up here that even Jennie did not find. If that woman does get out, and tries to get away, I can tie her!"

Explain: She want's to tie the woman in the wallpaper up, because then she can control and catch her illness. When she rips the wallpaper, she finally breaks free and loses her mind.

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The narrator has a feeling of being a failure to herself and a burden to her husband: "I meant to be such a help to John, such a real rest and comfort, and here I am a comparative burden already!" (page 649 or 3 in the PDF). In this quote she describes what her role as a wife is, and because she can't live up to that she is a failure as a wife and a burden to her husband.

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Paragraph example: the unreliability of the narrator 

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Paragraph example: the unreliability of the narrator 

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As the short story progresses, the first-person narrator becomes increasingly unreliable. This can be seen in the description of the nursery room. At first, the narrator blames the children that had supposedly been playing in the nursery room for the ruined state of the bedstead:

‘How these children did tear about here! This bedstead is fairly gnawed! (The Yellow Wallpaper, p. 40). However, just a few lines below we learn that ‘[she] got so angry that [she] bit off a little piece at the corner’. There is therefore a discrepancy between the rational explanation she provides to make sense of the room around her and the moments in which she confides her feelings to the diary.

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1.
In the following quote we see that there is a definite parallel between husband and wife / doctor and patient relation.
"It is fortunate Mary is so good with the baby. Such a dear baby! And yet I cannot be with him, it makes me so nervous. I suppose John never was nervous in his life. He laughs at me so about this wall-paper" (p.28 l.11-16)
Based on the time of the writing of the piece, it is unclear in the example given wether she cannot see her child because of the father of the child or the doctor.

2.
The misogyny of The Yellow Wall-Paper
" Bless her little heart!" said he with a big hug, "she shall be as sick as she pleases! But now let's improve the shining hours by going to sleep, and talk about it in the morning! "
Very patronising tone of voice used towards the narrator.

3.
Social criticism
"Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind, and sometimes only one, and she crawls around fast, and her crawling shakes it all over."
The part with the "great many women behind"

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- Mental health and post-natal depression
- Gender roles and norms
--> Women's rights + marriage norms
- Mental treatment
--> isolation
- At some point fictional author biographical --> bringing awareness to the treatment of mental illness.

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The power of writing as opposed to her speaking to an audience

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The power of writing as opposed to her speaking to an audience

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Permanent but hidable

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A part of society vs. apart from society

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The protagonist is very aware of how she is balancing on the edge of insanity and sanity (oscillation). Links back to a reliable and unreliable narrator (fx the state of the bedroom).

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- Reliability of the Narrator
- Author vs Narrator

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We get a strong impression of social norms, in the form of i.e the narrators lack of autonomy, the state of their marriage, the rest cure etc.

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- Colour of the Wallpaper
- Title

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How she is expected to submit to her husbands wishes, and not to interfere with any "substantial" matters.

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The relation between husband and wife v doctor and patient
- Mental health (hysteria/post partum depression)
- Misogyny

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The inner life of a women at the time in contrast to the treatments they were forced to undergo.

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Writing as a coping mechanism and a way for women to express themselves (meta narrative) in an oppressive relationship.