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Atherosclerosis is a potentially serious condition where arteries become clogged with fatty substances called plaques, or atheroma.

These plaques cause the arteries to harden and narrow, restricting the blood flow and oxygen supply to vital organs, and increasing the risk of blood clots that could potentially block the flow of blood to the heart or brain.

It can happen to anyone, although the following things can increase your risk:

increasing age

smoking

an unhealthy, high-fat diet

lack of exercise

being overweight or obese

regularly drinking excessive amounts of alcohol

other conditions, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes

a family history of atherosclerosis and CVD

being of south Asian, African or African-Caribbean descent

Atherosclerosis doesn't tend to have any symptoms at first, and many people may be unaware they have it, but it can eventually cause life-threatening problems such as heart attacks and strokes if it gets worse.

However, the condition is largely preventable with a healthy lifestyle, and treatment can help reduce the risk of serious problems occurring.

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Asthma is a lung condition that causes occasional breathing difficulties.
It affects people of all ages and usually starts in childhood. Some children can grow out of asthma but for others it is a life-long condition.
There is no cure for asthma, but there are treatments to keep the symptoms under control.
Symptoms of asthma include wheezing, breathlessness, a tight chest and coughing.
Causes of asthma can include allergies, exercise, chest infections and other irritants such as cigarette smoke, strong smells, gases and cold air.

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Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormone changes or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D. It develops slowly over several years and is often only diagnosed when a minor fall or sudden impact causes a bone fracture.
Causes: low BMI, heavy drinking and smoking, family history of osteoporosis, long-term use of high-dose oral corticosteroids

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Millie
Myocardial infarction is the medical name for a heart attack. A heart attack is a life-threatening condition that occurs when blood flow to the heart is abruptly cut off, causing tissue damage. This is usually the result of a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries. A blockage can develop due to a buildup of plaque, a substance mostly made of fat, cholesterol, and cellular waste products.
A number of different factors may increase your risk for a heart attack, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.

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Shannon Collins - Hypertension/blood pressure

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Shannon Collins - Hypertension/blood pressure

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Hypertension is abnormally high blood pressure which can be cases by a state of great psychological stress.

Blood pressure is recorded with two numbers. The systolic pressure (higher number) is the force at which your heart pumps blood around your bod. The diastolic pressure (lower number) is the resistance to the blood flow in the blood vessels. It then puts extra strain on your blood vessels, heart and other organs, such as the brain, kidneys and eyes

A blood pressure reading between 120/80mmHg and 140/90mmHg could mean you're at risk of hypertension. It can increase the risk of a number of serious and potentially life-threatening conditions, such as: heart disease, heart attacks, stroke, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, aortic aneurysms, kidney disease, and vascular dementia.

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Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body doesn't produce enough insulin to function properly, or the body's cells don't react to insulin. This means glucose stays in the blood and isn't used as fuel for energy.

Your body tries to reduce blood glucose levels by getting rid of the excess glucose in your urine.

Preventive measures:

eating a healthy, balanced diet

maintaining a healthy weight

stopping smoking

drinking alcohol in moderation

taking plenty of regular exercise

Risk factors:

age – being over the age of 40

genetics – having a close relative with the condition, such as a parent, brother or sister

weight – being overweight or obese

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What is it?
Cerbral Thrombosis is the presence of an acute (small) blood clot in the dural venous sinuses (artery within the brain.) This then drains blood from the brain.
The risk factors:
Surgery
trauma to the head
inflections
cancer

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Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there is a high level of sugar (glucose) in the blood.
the pancreas doesn't produce any insulin
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition, which means your immune system attacks healthy body tissue by mistake. In this case, it attacks the cells in your pancreas.

Your damaged pancreas is then unable to produce insulin. So, glucose cannot be moved out of your bloodstream and into your cells.

Type 1 diabetes is often inherited (runs in families), so the autoimmune reaction may be genetic.

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Angina pectoris
Angina is chest pain that occurs when the blood supply to the muscles of the heart is restricted.

It usually happens because the arteries supplying the heart become hardened and narrowed.

Advanced age, smoking, obesity and eating a diet high in saturated fats all increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis which is the hardening and narrowing of arteries as a result of a build-up of fatty substances known as plaques. This can restrict the blood supply to the heart and trigger the symptoms of angina.

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Aneurysms;
An aneurysm is a localized, blood-filled balloon-like bulge in the wall of a blood vessel. As an aneurysm increases in size, the risk of rupture increases. A ruptured aneurysm can lead to bleeding. Aneurysms are a result of a weakened blood vessel wall, and can be a result of a hereditary condition or an acquired disease.
Aneurysms can occur in any blood vessel, with particularly lethal examples including aneurysms of the Circle of Willis in the brain, aortic aneurysms affecting the thoracic aorta, and abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Ways to reduce the risk of an aneurysm are to maintain a healthy weight, not to smoke, exercie and avoid comsuming excess amount of alcohol