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By the time of early European colonization attempts, there were over 30,000 Native Americans in Massachusetts living amongst a variety of tribes belonging to the Algonquin language group. Some of the most well known tribes were the Wampanoag, Pequot, Nipmuck, and the Massachuset. They lived in small bands and had no supreme chief

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Though they did not enjoy the same rights as white citizens, these free black men and women owned property, worked in a wide range of skilled jobs, and made significant contributions to their communities. Farmers During the 18th century, most Americans lived and worked on small farms. They worked the farms with the labor of only their own families - father, mother and children - and perhaps one or two slaves or hired help. Middling In the 18th century, a new group, the "middling sort" or middle class, gained a larger role in society and government. These men and women worked in trades - blacksmiths, silver smiting, printing, and millinery, for example. They worked as professionals, such as lawyers and doctors, or merchants who owned stores. Gentry The gentry were the "upper crust" of colonial society. They were large landowners, very wealthy merchants, and financiers. They owned huge tracts of land and usually many slaves. Gentry men, or gentlemen, took it as their right and duty to govern others. They served as local magistrates, church vestrymen, and councilmen. Gentry ladies, or gentlewomen, were at the top of social class and colonial fashion.

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The passengers of the Arbella who left England in 1630 with their new charter had a great vision. They were to be an example for the rest of the world in rightful living. Future governor JOHN WINTHROP stated their purpose quite clearly: "We shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us."

The Arbella was one of eleven ships carrying over a thousand Puritans to Massachusetts that year. It was the largest original venture ever attempted in the English New World. The passengers were determined to be a beacon for the rest of Europe, "A Modell of Christian Charity," in the words of the governor.

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The governor of Massachusetts was John Winthrop in the 1600's. Their governor, John Winthrop, said, "We must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all the people are upon us."

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Enslaved Field Hands Slavery existed in all the British American colonies. Africans were brought to America to work, mainly in agriculture. In Virginia, most slaves worked in tobacco fields. Men, women, and children worked from sunup to sundown, with only Sunday to rest. It was hard, backbreaking work.Enslaved House Servants Some enslaved Africans worked as cooks, laundresses, man servants, blacksmiths, coopers, or in other skilled jobs. These men and women were generally considered "better off" than field slaves, but they were still enslaved. What's more, they lived and worked every day under the constant watchful eyes of their masters, and had little time for themselves.Free Blacks The British American colonies had a small but important population of free men and women of African descent. 

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Enslaved Field Hands Slavery existed in all the British American colonies. Africans were brought to America to work, mainly in agriculture. In Virginia, most slaves worked in tobacco fields. Men, women, and children worked from sunup to sundown, with only Sunday to rest. It was hard, backbreaking work.Enslaved House Servants Some enslaved Africans worked as cooks, laundresses, man servants, blacksmiths, coopers, or in other skilled jobs. These men and women were generally considered "better off" than field slaves, but they were still enslaved. What's more, they lived and worked every day under the constant watchful eyes of their masters, and had little time for themselves.Free Blacks The British American colonies had a small but important population of free men and women of African descent. 

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The exact date of the first African slaves in Massachusetts is unknown, but may have been as early as 1624 by a man named Samuel Maverick. The first confirmed account of slavery in the colony came in 1638 when several native prisoners taken during the Pequot War were exchanged in the West Indies for African slaves.

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The relastionship between the native americans and the pilgrims.

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The relastionship between the native americans and the pilgrims.

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Without the help of the native america, the pilgrims might not have survived their first winter. The Indians taught them how to plant crops, trap animals, and catch fish.

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how there punishment for their crime was

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how there punishment for their crime was

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Behind most of the systems of justice in early civilizations lay the concept of vengeance, making the miscreant pay for his crime. A side benefit to this idea was deterrence—giving other would-be offenders a good reason to stay on the straight and narrow. Colonial practice took the matter a step further, making use of shame and shaming. Punishments were almost always public, for the aim was to humiliate the wayward sheep and teach him a lesson so that he would repent and be eager to find his way back to the flock. Nothing made a colonial magistrate happier than public confessions of guilt and open expressions of remorse.

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They shared not only cultural and religious ties, but intertwined economies based on small farms and industry, fishing and maritime trade.

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new england colonies

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Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America (Massachusetts Bay) in the 17th century. The settlement was located in New England, situated around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston.

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Massachusetts has played a significant role in American history since the Pilgrims, seeking religious freedom, founded Plymouth Colony in 1620. As one of the most important of the 13 colonies, Massachusetts became a leader in resisting British oppression. In 1773, the Boston Tea Party protested unjust taxation.

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Spirited sounds from across the sea to the shore of the new land. 1. Rickett's Hornpipe/ Fishers Hornpipe 2. Maiden Lane/ Jack O' Lent/ Chestnut/Bonny Broom 3. Parting Friends/Primrose 4. Flowers of Edinburgh/East Neuke of Fife 5. Prelude / La Catherine 6. Planxty Browne/Planxty Burke 7. Cutie Clat Her 8.

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John Winthrop is Massachusetts's founder and the governor

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The Puritians wanted to build a community governed by the rules of the Bible.

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Religion was important, but not all people agreed with the church's ideas and practices. One group, called Puritans by their opponents, wanted to "purify" the church by making services simpler and doing away with ranks of authority.Some of the Puritans, called separatist, wanted to separate from the English church and form their own congregations.

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The king ruled the official church of England, also called the Anglican church. However, not everyone agreed with the church's ideas and practices.