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Sigmund Freud, a 1800s psychologist, created psychoanalytic work to help mentally disturbed patients. In lit, it focuses on the following:
*how unconscious intentions influence the characters thoughts/words/actions
*how childhood fixations reflect in characters' actions
*how sexual defenses and desires create subconscious actions
*how the work of literature reflects on the author's psychological standing

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Karl Marx's theory deals with class differences (economic or not) and pros and cons of the capitalist system
Overarching question: Who benefits?
Also focuses on how the middle/lower class is oppressed.
There will always be conflict between the classes; goes along with the cycle of contradiction, tension, and revolution.  This conflict is reflected in art, literature, movies, etc.
These revolutions create new orders of society where capitalism is no longer existent.
Common questions:
1. who does it benefit if the work is successful?
2. What is the social class of the author?
3. What value does it reinforce?
4. What social classes do the characters represent?

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Rachel Rigole and Emma Kettel: Colonialism

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Rachel Rigole and Emma Kettel: Colonialism

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-The study of theory and literature that relates to the colonizer/colonized experience.
-In countries that were colonized, literature was affected by the economic, social, political, and emotional experiences of the author.
-Characters reflected author's experiences.
-The critical lens of post-colonialism asks the reader to analyze the effects of colonialism have on people and nations.
-Post-colonialism analysis focuses on artificial boundaries between cultures that lead to misconceptions.
-A reader would look for the effects of colonialism and how they are addressed through plot, setting, and characters' actions.

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-dissects moral lesson within literature
-tries to teach you something
-however, my influence the reader's beliefs and cause them to act differently  (instruct or corrupt)
-Neo-Humanist: evaluates morality
-critic's job to determine and judge moral intentions of literature

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There are five main topics that all existentialist philosophers cover in all of their works.
- Humans, have free will.
- Humans are responsible for the consequences of their decisions.
- Few decisions are without negative consequence.
- Each person acts and decides as an individual, and is accountable for their actions.
- The universe is not concerned with individuals.
Is closely related to religious philosophies.

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-A philosophy that encompasses the absurd
-Common theme in many existentialist works
-The notion of contrast between two things
-A branch of existentialism
-Critics tend to focus on two philosophies: proposition and the theory itself.

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-one of the major sociological theories
-analyses the status of men and women with the purpose of using that info or data to better women's lives
-also question the differences between women, such as race, class, age, and sexuality.
-most known for giving a voice to women and showcasing the ways they contribute to society
- Gender differences: examines how they experience life in social situations different from men
-Gender inequality: Same thing but recognizes that not only are women different than men but also unequal
-Gender oppression: women are actively oppressed, subordinated, and even abused by men
Structural oppression: women's oppression and inequality are a result of racism, patriarchy, and capitalism

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-Scientifically based
-Literature isn't connected; each piece is it's own
-New Criticism created by Formalists
-Information from text is what it appears; no interpretation needed
-Outside information not needed (Author's gender, social status)
-Emphasize the formal structure of literaty works
-Ambiguity, irony, and paradox are the most prized qualities

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Page 4,5,6, and 7 -In think tank Brianna and Lydia

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Page 4,5,6, and 7 -In think tank Brianna and Lydia

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1. Religious Existentialism
- "One must determine one's own faith and commitment to God, if that is what one chooses."

2. The Life and Work of Albert Campus
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Archetypal: Christina Farkas and Brooke Fanale

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Archetypal: Christina Farkas and Brooke Fanale

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Archetypal is models of people, and their behaviors or a subject of their personalities together.
It is suggested that it contains three components:
-The ego, the personal unconscious, and the collective unconscious.
Self- represents the unified unconsciousness and consciousness of an individual.
The Shadow- it consists of the sex and life instincts. It exists as parts of the unconscious mind.
Anima/Animus- feminine image of the male psyche vice versa.
The Persona- How we make ourselves look like to others.
Jung had broken down characteristics even more for the personality of the human persona. From heroes, the innocents, and many others described by Jung himself.