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Swinton J, Georgevits S, .(2000). World History and Citizenship:Athens.

Carter M, .(2009).Greek religion. Retrieved from, ancient.eu/Greek_religion/

Ancient Athens .(2010). Women in Ancient Athens. Retrieved 12/10/16 from, ancientathens.org/culture/women-athens

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For Athenian women, it would seem hard to live in Athens because they had all these responsibilities at home, they couldn’t leave the house unless they had a male citizen with them and they couldn’t vote plus speak freely. But, for Athenian men it wouldn’t be that different as you must vote. So in conclusion, living in Athens would be hard for both genders because of the amount of responsibilities they would have.

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Pericles lived from 495-429 BCE and his name his translated means “surrounded by glory.” He was famous because he was a statesman which meant that he was largely responsible for the full development of Athens, later in the 5th century BC, both the Athenian democracy and the Athenian empire, making Athens the political and cultural focus of Greece. His achievements included the construction of the Acropolis. It begun in 447. The period in which he led Athens has been called the ‘Age of Pericles.’ The city of Ancient Athens was basically created by Pericles.

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Groups
that played a role in government and citizen rights

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Groups
that played a role in government and citizen rights

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Athenian male citizens had equal political rights, freedom of speech and had the opportunity to participate in the political arena. Male citizens could participate in the main democratic body of Athens. They could attend the political assembly also known as the ekklēsia. When they were of age, Athenian boys could take part in the Athenian democracy with their fathers. Male citizens had the right to vote on all the decisions that affected the city as well as serve on juries. Athenian men were the only citizen if you were born in Athens. They could attend assemblies where they could speak and vote freely. Citizens could basically decide how the city was run.

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Ancient Athens chose special days to celebrate important occasions. These occasions were a good time to meet other Athenians with similar backgrounds and interests which brought all aspects of the Greek society into one big cultural event. One of these events was the festival of Athena or Panathenaea. This festival was held at the dawning of the first moon in the new year and in the city-state of Athens. This festival was held in honour of Athena, Goddess or wisdom. A procession of priests, officials, cavalry, charioteers, musicians and citizens each marched as well as carrying a gift for Athena. The Athena festival continues for two days and within those two days, people would celebrate with games, singing, dancing and poetry competitions.There are many more festivals that were celebrated but the festival of Athena was the main festival. [Source E]

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In Athens, religion was personal. There are twelve important Gods that were worshipped. All the Gods where led by the most important God, Zeus. These Gods being, Athena, Apollo, Poseidon, Hermes, Hera, Aphrodite, Demeter, Ares, Artemis, Hades, Hephaistos and Dionysus. All these Gods together were called the Olympic Pantheon, which means “Collectivity of the Gods.”These Gods were worshipped because they shaped Athens the way it was.

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Athens depended on trade. Athens was close to the sea which meant that they could trade with any city-state and foreign lands. Athens traded honey, olive oil, silver and painted pottery. In return from trading those items, they received items like grain and wood. There were huge marketing places called the Agora in Athens. Merchants bought their goods and people bought mostly everything they needed such as, onions, olive oil, wine; and pottery, furniture, lamps; and sandals and jewellery at the Agora. Athens was the best place to trade because it was built near everything.

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The most common forms of entertainment were theatre. Athens had the impression of ‘the city never sleeps’ because every form of entertainment mostly happened at night. Athenian men liked going to theatres because it related to their everyday lives in Athens. For woman, however, their form of entertainment was limited as they were not allowed to leave the house. They were not expected to do any physical activities so their source of entertainment was playing games like checkers, dice and knuckle bones. In conclusion, Athenians men and women had different entertainment forms.

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Life for
the Athenian boys/girls and their education

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Life for
the Athenian boys/girls and their education

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Boys where taught at home by their mothers or a male slave until the age of six. The teachers in school were always male and primary school is considered ages 6 to 14. Their” basic education” were complete when they got to the age of 16. The Athenian parents wanted their sons to have a good education so that they would know a variety of things and that they would appreciate more things. As for the girls of Athens, they were taught at home by their mothers or a private tutor. The reason why they were taught at home was so that they could prepare to be a stay-at-home mum, to look after and educate their children just as they’ve been educated. Life and education for girls and boys were very different from each other as they had to have different lifestyles as they grew up. [Source C]

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There are two different types of Athenian women. The role of a respected woman was to stay home and bear the children. Their lives centred around the house and the children. They were the wives of the Athenian citizen men. But they didn’t have the right to leave the house without the men. The other class of women was less respected then citizen’s wives. In Athens, if there was a woman in the middle of a debate in a public park, she was considered hetaera (courtesan). Courtesan women could go anywhere they wanted, when they wanted. They were normally well educated and intelligent to entertain their guests and were educated in mostly dancing, singing, music, conversation and a lot of other ways of pleasing men. These women were not as respected as citizen wives, but had the benefit of a better freedom.

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The three main social classes were, citizens, metics and slaves. But, to be a citizen one had to be a male. The metics were non-Athenians. They generally found the cosmopolitan city of Athens more appealing than their own homelands. But, they couldn’t own property in Athens. Metics could however, hold jobs for property owners but they did have to pay a tax. Slaves were subdivided into three different groups. The slaves that looked after the household, slaves that worked in shops and slaves that worked for the state. Athenians had to be in any of those classes in Ancient Athens.