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Monica´s Language Family Tree (Arbol de Familia)

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Monica´s Language Family Tree (Arbol de Familia)

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Me (1st generation in U.S.)  -  Bilingual in Mexican Spanish and English. English Dominant. Spanish spoken at home.

Parents (Immigrants from Mexico)-
Vicdalina Rodriguez Torres: Mexican Spanish Monolingual. She understands English, but cannot speak the language.
Julio Torres: Mexican Spanish Monolingual. He understands some English, but cannot speak the language.

Maternal Grandparents -
Alberta Garcia de Rodriguez (Mexico): Mexican Spanish Monolingual
Salud Garcia (Mexico): Mexican Spanish Monolingual

Paternal Grandparents (Immigrants from Mexico)-
Bonifacia Espino de Torres - Mexican Spanish Monolingual
Virgilio Torres - Mexican Spanish Monolingual

Notes:
Monica: She uses Spanish and English mixed. She is more confident in English because has used the language in school but tries to incorporate Spanish always.

Parents: Both have been in the United States permanently for 25 years but do not wish to learn English. They live in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas where English is not always needed.

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La historia de El Valle de Tejas y otras areas similar en el país tienen una historia compleja. El Valle tiene dos culturas, una de los Estados Unidos y otra de Mexico, pero al mismo tiempo no es Mexicana ni Americana. La palabra ¨pocho¨ se usa para describir una persona de origin Mexicano que vive en los Estados Unidos y se hizo Americano y dejo su cultura Mexicana. En otras palabras esta persona esta Americanizada. Pocho se oye como algo negativo pero mucha gente lo toma como algo bonito de resistencia. Para mi la lengua o cultura pocha es algo bonito porque es dos mundos, idiomas, y culturas mescladas para crear una nueva. Este video ensena una persona que es orgullosa de ser pocho y se expresa con su poema. https://youtu.be/AZ_1P1P8q0g

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Split between two countries (Soy Pocho, y que?) - by Eddie G!

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Thanks for watching! "Con mucho respeto" clip from ImportedTV: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9LifCUumxI If you haven't already, please subscribe (It's free): http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=ohemgeeitseddieg More videos: http://www.youtube.com/user/ohemgeeitseddieg/videos?view=1&flow=grid Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/ohemgeeitseddieg Twitter: @omgitseddieg Tumblr: omgitseddieg.tumblr.com Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/0/b/112240922082061054071 Thanks for subscribing, liking and sharing! Music Credits: 'Thats Me' by Mike Nowa 'Music Box' by Geoff Harvey © 2009-2016 Orange Creative Studio.

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Las palabras que tengo que decir en español

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Las palabras que tengo que decir en español

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Este video me gusto porque explica como mucha gente que vive en los Estados Unidos y habla el Español y Ingles pueden confundirse cuando hablan. El idioma es algo que no se tiene que practicar si los halas desde niño, pero puede ser interesante cuando te quieres expresar pero no tienes la palabra. Hablando dos idiomas ayuda a la gente poder expresarse y usar diferentes formas para expresión.

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Spanish Words That Don't Exist In English - Joanna Rants

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Why is there only one word in English for love? What is Spanish for Awkward? Joanna is here to break down some Spanish and English words that are difficult to translate and what it means about the culture they belong in. Also, there's some talk about abuelas using kitten slippers so there's that...

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Spanish insults do not make sense for English speakers

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Spanish insults do not make sense for English speakers

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El video habla sobre los insultados en Español y como no funcionan en Ingles. Es difícil explicar los insultados a personas que no hablan Español o tienen la cultura de un países en Latinoamérica. Muchos de los insultados vienen de cultura y cuando lo traduces al Ingles no tiene sentido. Este video ensena que complejo son los idiomas y mas cuando se combinan las culturas.

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"I'm going to give you a cookie!" Subscribe to BuzzFeed's newest channel! Check us out on Facebook! - facebook.com/perolike Pero Like Pero, like... You know what we mean. Weekly videos of tu vida. Videos posted daily! New Abuela videos every Friday! MUSIC Jota Viola Licensed via Warner Chappell Production Music Inc.

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El español en Los Estados Unidos es único pero tiene mucha diversidad. Hay mucha gente en el país que viene de diferentes partes de Latino America y hablan el Español diferente. En este video vemos a dos muchachos hablando el Spanglish. Para mi el Spanglish es el resultado de hablando el Español en casa pero tener que cambiar al Ingles para el mundo. Con eso tenemos la combinación de los dos idiomas. El video es chistoso y los dos chicos bromean de el Spanglish.

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Spanglish is a language that's baffled both English and Spanish speakers for generations. Luckily, we have RJ, aka TheNotAdam here to guide us thru the basics of Spanglish. Get an advanced course in Spanglish at theFlama.com http://www.theflama.com More from RJ Aguiar http://www.youtube.com/TheNotAdam More from Pablo Hernandez http://instagram.com/pablohernandezofficial https://twitter.com/theflama https://instagram.com/theflama https://theflama.tumblr.com

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En esta canción las pronunciación con las ´s´ y ´z´ no existen. La palabras no están completadas porque todo se oye como si es singular pero en realidad es plural. En el minuto 1´14 se escucha las palabras sin la s. Muchas de palabras terminan con la letra a.

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Jacob Forever - "Hasta Que Se Seque el Malecón" (Official Video)

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Esta canción tiene mucho ejemplo de la pronunciación de el , ao. Tiene el ejemplo de no terminar las palabras como la gente de Mexico. Es difícil no comparar el español de Mexico con el de Puerto Rico. El ao es algo normal para gete en Puerto Rico y escriben las palabras so diferente. En el minuto 1´32 podemos oir como el pronuncia el ao.

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Esta canción me gusta mucho. La Buena Vista Social Club es una banda muy popular de Cuba. Cuando escucho a la canción, ¨Candela¨ no escucho mucha diferencia en las palabras porque es una canción con ritmo despacio. En el minuto 1`30 oímos la palabra ¨bombero´ y se refiere a muchos bomberos pero los Cubanos o gente del Caribe no lo pronuncian con la ¨s´.

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Este video representa el acento de la gente de Puerto Rico por el estilo de terminar las palabras que usan el ´do´el final. Un ejemplo en la canción ¨down¨ es la palabra, despertado. En el español Mexicano se pronuncia con do y en español de Puerto Rico se pronuncia con ´tao´. Esto es muy interesante de apreciar. Me gusta mucho el acento y es diferente de como yo me comunico.

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Here r the lyrics 4 "Down" by Rakim y Ken-Y!! Enjoy!! ^-^

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Escogí esta foto o meme porque se me hace chistoso cuando gente corrige como la gente habla porque es diferente. El lenguaje y la lingüística tiene muchas variedades y no hay una respuesta correcta. Pero esto es algo difícil de entender cuando existe un lenguaje nacional o un enfoque en lo que es correcto.

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Esta pagina tiene ejemplos de semántica. Me gusto porque es fácil de entender y los ejemplos ayudan para poder entender. Para mi cada persona tiene el poder de cambiar la palabras a su manera y el significado cambia. La lingüística es fascinante porque cambia dependiendo de la persona, region, y lenguaje. Los ejemplos ayuda, pero es  mejor aprender mientras escuchando a otros hablar.

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La semántica es la rama de la lingüística que estudia el significado y cambios del significado de las palabras y de las expresiones.

La palabra " semántica" deriva del griego "semantikos" y puede traducirse como "sentido" o "significado". Se puede entender a la semántica como la ciencia que estudia el significado de las palabras.

El significado de las palabras puede tener lugar de dos distintas formas; la primera, remitiéndose a los componentes principales que forman la estructura de la palabra, y la segunda, estudiando las palabras en acción e interesándonos en que forma operan dentro de un contexto.
La semántica se divide en:

1. Denotación

2. Connotación

La denotación:
Esta es la expresión original, o formalmente aceptada de la palabra, esta es la palabra que formalmente se encuentra en los diccionarios enciclopedias y es universalmente aceptada.
La connotación:
La connotación es la forma alterna o secundaria en la que se utiliza una palabra, tal como sucede con la palabra burro, que en forma denotativa implica al animal de tipo equino y en la forma connotativa al hombre o persona tonta.

La connotación está ampliamente influenciada por la sociedad local, por extranjerismos o usos inadecuados como el lunfarod o el caló.
Ejemplos de semántica: 1.- Música
La música es muy agradable. (Denotación o denotativa)
El muy música se lo llevó todo. (Connotativa o connotación)
2.- Burro
El burro subió y bajó el cerro. (Denotación o denotativa)
El burro de José no entendió la semántica (Connotativa)

3.- Ejemplos de aplicación denotativa:

1. Con su mirada observó todo.

2. Pintó de negro su automóvil.

3. El perro arrea el ganado junto al vaquero.

4. La estrella forma un cuerpo celeste.

5. El burro es uno de los animales más nobles.

6. Se ve una línea en el cielo.

7. Juan es un gran trabajador, pintaba por las noches y pulía por la mañana.

8. Está sentado en la banca del parque.

9. Por la villa hay un villano que es un buen productor de queso.

10. En el techo está el gato negro del vecino.

11. El papel del libro es muy brilloso.

4.- Ejemplos de aplicación connotativa:

1. Su mirada lo estaba diciendo todo.

2. Un negro silencio invadió su corazón.

3. El chico es un perro peleando en el ring.

4. En el escenario hay una estrella, que brilla ante todos.

5. De todos, el flaco es el más burro.

6. Contestó, cuando se conectó en línea, el encargado.

7. El abogado de José, no pintaba nada en el asunto.

8. Todo el dinero está invertido en la banca.

9. Ese villano no tiene piedad.

10. Ese papel fue hecho para ese actor.

11. Se ponchó la llanta, trae el gato de la cajuela.

Citado APA: (A. 2012,10. Ejemplo de Semántica. Revista Ejemplode.com. Obtenido 10, 2012, de http://www.ejemplode.com/12-clases_de_espanol/2437-ejemplo_de_semantica.html)

¡Ayúdanos a ayudarte! Por favor comparte este artículo.

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La semántica es la rama de la lingüística que estudia el significado y cambios del significado de las palabras y de las expresiones. La palabra " semántica" deriva del griego "semantikos" y puede traducirse como "sentido" o "significado". Se puede entender a la semántica como la ciencia que estudia el significado de las palabras.

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Escogí esta pagina porque me ayudo aprender lo básico de la semántica y como entender el concepto. Es interesante aprender de los metáforas y como cambia el significando de la oración cuando cambia la palabra. En muchos casos el significado no cambia pero gente con no sabe el lenguaje se le puede ser difícil. Hay mucho que aprender y es un lugar bueno para empezar.

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Linguistics 001 -- Lecture 12 -- Semantics

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Obviously this is because Kim is being ironic, in the sense of "using words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning". Kim might have said "great," or "wonderful," or "beautiful", or "how exquisite", and none of the dictionary entries for these words will help us understand that Kim means to express disgust and annoyance.

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Esta pagina de la red me intereso porque ensena la conferencia mundial de la semántica. Esta tema para mi es nuevo porque no le pongo mucha atención a la lingüística. Me gusta ver como otra gente pueden ser expertos en temas que se me hacen muy complejo. También me gusto porque los invitados son gente de diferentes carreras que pueden dar diferentes perspectivas sobre la semántica.

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The annual SEMANTiCS conference is the meeting place for professionals who make semantic computing work, and understand its benefits and know its limitations. Every year, SEMANTiCS attracts information managers, IT-architects, software engineers, and researchers, from organisations ranging from NPOs, universities, public administrations to the largest companies in the world.

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Este video es interesante porque nos avisa de las diferentes influenzas para el lenguaje. Me gusta porque es fácil para entender y es fascinante la diversidad de la lengua. Muchas veces me olvido como el español se razona con el lenguaje Árabe, pero es muy similar. Este tema me gusta mucho para seguir aprendiendo. también el video es muy accessible y cualquier persona puede aprender de esto.

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Escogí este meme porque es algo chistoso pero describe un poco de la mis información de la historia del lenguaje. Mucha gente cree que el español solamente es un tipo pero hay muchos tipos de español en diferentes partes del mundo. No podemos decir que solamente hay un tipo y pensar que se habla igual. El idioma es muy diferente y tiene mucha historia

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Esta pagina de la red es importante porque los da información de la historia pero en forma simple. También me gusta esta pagina porque describe la historia en Europa con la formación de la primera lengua y entonces la lengua an las Americas después de colonización.  es importante saber las historias antes de estudiar las reglas.

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The history of the Spanish language begins with the linguistic evolution of Vulgar Latin. The Spanish language is the most widely spoken Romance language.

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Muchas de las veces podemos concluir que el Español viene solamente de Latin, pero en este blog aprendemos que no hay mas que esta idea. El español viene de Latin vulgar y no del original. Es muy interesante como se forman las lenguas porque hay muchas influenzas y no existe una forma correcta. También me gusto este blog porque es fácil para leer y tiene información factual.

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Answer (1 of 20): To state that one Romance language is closer to Latin than the others doesn't make much sense. Every Romance language derived from the colloquial Latin dialect (Vulgar Latin) used in the same geographical region and these dialects were different from Cicero's Classical Latin. On...

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Escogí el meme porque era algo mas ligero en comparación a los otros artículos. Este meme ensena como hay lenguajes formales e informales. En lo personal, yo pienso que todos debemos de poder hablar como deseamos pero eso no es siempre el caso. Cada lenguaje y cultura tiene su manera de ser formal y clasificar oraciones y modos de hablar como incorrecto.

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El tema de la sintaxis puede ser difícil porque no estoy acostumbrada a ver la estructura de oraciones. Cuando digo oraciones, se me vienen naturalmente. Las lecciones de este curso me motivo a ver el lenguaje en otra luz y analizar lo mas profundo. Aunque existan reglas para poder formar oraciones correctamente, yo pienso que podemos determinar el uso de palabras dependiendo de cada persona.

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La sintaxis es la parte de la gramática que permite seleccionar el orden en el que presentamos la información y unimos las oraciones. Hemos visto en una entrada anterior la importancia de alternar entre oraciones simples y compuestas, así como de evitar la acumulación de estructuras repetidas.

En lo que refiere al orden, en ocasiones depende del gusto del redactor y no cambia sustancialmente el mensaje; sin embargo en muchas oportunidades puede generar una verdadera confusión. Veamos un ejemplo:

El caballo viejo pastaba en el predio abandonado.

El viejo caballo pastaba en el abandonado predio.

La segunda formulación parece mucho más poética que la primera. En este caso, las variantes no implican cambios en la información pero sí en el estilo, por lo tanto, merecen la atención de quien redacta y, especialmente, de quien corrige.
Ejemplo de error de sintaxis
La edición digital del diario El País de Montevideo correspondiente al lunes 9 de setiembre publicó la siguiente expresión en una noticia ( ver artículo completo ):

"La Justicia del país andino tiene una denuncia de abuso sexual que había realizado Raúl Gómez sobre el hijo de una cuñada de 9 años. En el Ministerio del Interior dijeron a El País que Chile determinó el cierre de fronteras para el uruguayo".

Observaciones: ..."una cuñada de 9 años" es una expresión equivocada en este caso, ya que resulta evidente que quien tiene esa edad es el hijo de la cuñada y no ella. Además, desde una perspectiva de selección léxica se podría agregar que no parece muy apropiado el uso del verbo "tener", por su falta de precisión. Una expresión indicada en este caso sería:

La Justicia del país andino recibió una denuncia de abuso sexual que había realizado Raúl Gómez sobre el hijo de 9 años de una cuñada.

Claramente, no es lo mismo una expresión que la otra, por lo que el descuido de la sintaxis queda evidenciado en este texto.

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La importancia de la sintaxis (ejemplo de error)

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La sintaxis es la parte de la gramática que permite seleccionar el orden en el que presentamos la información y unimos las oraciones. Hemos visto en una entrada anterior la importancia de alternar entre oraciones simples y compuestas, así como de evitar la acumulación de estructuras repetidas.

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"Double Negatives" si se usan en Espanol 

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"Double Negatives" si se usan en Espanol 

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Yo crecí en el Valle del Rio Grande en el sur de Tejas. Allí se habla el español y ingles, pero mucha gente lo mezcla a la misma vez. Los dos idiomas tienen diferentes reglas y eso puede ser confuso cuando eres una persona que aprendió los lenguajes en casa o la calle. El uso de los double negatives en ingles es algo común en el valle. La razón por que esto ocurre es porque mucha gente habla los dos idiomas y no traduce en su mente, solamente le sale natural.

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"I can't get no satisfaction." "I don't know nobody." "You haven't seen nothing yet."

Because they contain double negatives, the above English sentences are considered substandard (although, of course, people often talk like that in real life). But there's no such prohibition in Spanish. In fact, in many cases, use of double negatives is required. Even triple negatives are possible.

Grammarians may tell you that English doesn't use double negatives because the two negatives contradict each other and make a positive.

(In other words, "I don't know nobody" is the same as saying "I know somebody.") But negatives aren't viewed that way in Spanish - the negatives are seen as reinforcing rather than contradicting each other. Although sometimes the second negative is used to make a stronger statement just as it is in substandard English, in most cases it is merely part of the structure of the sentence.

In Spanish, the most common negative terms in addition to (no, not) are apenas (barely, scarcely, hardly), jamás (never), (nobody), ni (neither, not), ninguno (none, no), ni siquiera (not even), nunca ( never), and tampoco (not even, nor, neither). Most of these terms in Spanish have a corresponding affirmative term: algo (something), alguien (somebody), alguno (some), siempre (always), también (also), and siquiera (at least).

General rule: As a general rule, a sentence can't include both affirmative and negative terms; where one element of a sentence (subject, verb, object) includes a negative term, so should the other elements that need other such terms.

Also, with the exception of nunca jamás (see below), not more than one negative term is used before the verb.

By following these rules, it is possible to have one, two or three negatives in a sentence, as in the following examples:

No tengo ninguno. I don't have any.

Nadie sabe eso. Nobody knows that.

Jamás fumo. I never smoke.

Tampoco comió. She didn't eat either.

Tampoco comió nada. She didn't eat anything either.

No dijo nada. He said nothing.

No le dijo nada a nadie. He didn't say anything to anybody.

No compro ninguno. I'm not buying any.

Nunca le compra nada a nadie. She never buys anything for anybody.

No come ni siquiera pan. He doesn't even eat bread.

Ni siquiera come pan. He doesn't even eat bread.

Note that in some cases (such as the final two examples in the chart) it is possible to say the same thing in more than one way, with either one negative or two. Generally, that is because in Spanish the subject can come before or after the verb; where a negative subject comes before the verb, a no is not needed with the verb. In this example, ni siquiera no come pan would not be standard Spanish. There generally isn't much difference in meaning between using one negative or two.

Note also that various translations to English are possible. Tampoco comió could be translated not only as "she didn't eat either" but also as "neither did she eat."

When a verb is used with a negative term, it isn't always necessary to use a negative term after the verb.

For example, " No tengo amigos" (I don't have friends) is grammatically acceptable. What you shouldn't do, though, is use an affirmative term for emphasis. If you want to say "I don't have any friends," use a negative term after the verb: No tengo ningún amigo.

Other uses of double negatives

There are at least two other cases where a double negative is used for added emphasis:

Nada as an adverb: When used as an adverb in a negative sentence, nada usually can be translated as "at all." No ayuda nada, he doesn't help at all. No usa nada los ordenadores, he doesn't use computers at all.

Nunca jamás: When these two negatives meaning "never" are used together, they reinforce each other.

Nunca jamás vuelo. I never, ever fly.

Dijo el cuervo, "nunca jamás". Quoth the raven, "nevermore."

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"I can't get no satisfaction." "I don't know nobody." "You haven't seen nothing yet." Because they contain double negatives, the above English sentences are considered substandard (although, of course, people often talk like that in real life). But there's no such prohibition in Spanish. In fact, in many cases, use of double negatives is required.

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La pagina explica como el sintaxis trabaja en el lenguaje de Español. Es difícil aprender sintaxis cuando aprendiste el español en casa, pero la pagina lo explica muy simple. La idea de la sintaxis es como las palabras se organizan en una oración. Esta idea puede ser confusa pero si leamos la pagina con paciencia se puede entender un poco mas.

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One aspect of syntax is the order in which words appear in a sentence.

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El Spanglish también esta en unos diccionarios. Es algo fascinante porque Spanglish siempre ha sido algo informal que no es lenguaje oficial. El paid de los Estados Unidos es muy conservativo y mucha gente piensa que todos debemos de hablar el ingles. Este articulo-podcast habla de la resistencia y triunfo del lenguaje Spanglish.

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The Royal Spanish Academy - the official arbiter of the Spanish language - recently announced that it will add the word "Espanglish" to the 2014 edition of its dictionary. This is a big deal for the traditionally conservative academy, and it's a big deal for supporters who feel that mix of Spanish and English has officially been ignored for more than a century.

The most common type of Spanglish features speakers switching back and forth from English to Spanish. Por ejemplo, if I started talking to you in Spanglish, te diría que it rained very hard this morning while I was riding la bici y me empapé. (I got drenched this morning while riding my bike.)

Another form of Spanglish involves translating phrases and words from English into Spanish or vice versa. The roof becomes "La rufa" and if your "roof is leaking," you might say, "La rufa esta liqueando."

Professor Ilan Stavans, who teaches Latin American and Latino culture at Amherst College, is the author of Spanglish, The Making of a New American Language. He says linguistically, other immigrant groups are unlike Latinos.

Although first generation immigrants from Poland, Germany and Italy created hybrid languages comparable to Spanglish, Stavans says, they eventually instilled English in their children. The immigrant language, whether Polish, Italian or another, became subjects of nostalgia.

"This is not happening among Latinos," he adds. "Latinos are not losing the Spanish language, but they are not keeping it in a pure form. And this impure form is a language that has been around for over 150 years."

What is surprising, however, is that the Royal Spanish Academy has now decided to recognize Spanglish.

"The future of the Spanish language is not in Spain, it's not in Mexico, it's not in any Latin American country, it's in the United States,"says Gerardo Piña-Rosales, the director of the North American Academy of the Spanish Language, which has been lobbying the Spanish Academy to recognize Spanglish.
Spanglish-speaking Immigrants
But at least for now, Spain is still the final arbiter of the official Spanish language. The Academy is defining Espanglish as a form of speech that mixes "deformed elements of vocabulary and grammar from both Spanish and English."

It's the word "deformed" that's rubbing Piña-Rosales the wrong way. In fact, he and several of his colleagues are complaining to Spain. As for Stavans, he says the definition indicates"a lack of understanding of how language works. A nearsightedness, as if language is formed in one part of the world and deformed by the barbarians."

But as Stavans himself points out, perhaps more than any other immigrant community in U.S. history, Spanish-speaking immigrants and their descendants have always maintained a close bond with their roots - something that was unthinkable in the past.

He says, "For an Italian from Sicily in the 19th century to dream of going back home ... meant many many miles and an astonishingly large effort, and many many dollars.

"For someone who is Latino and lives in San Antonio or in New York City for that matter or in Chicago, it's very easy. It's very cheap as well. And so we are a very movable population. We never really cut the umbilical cord."

As a result, Stavans says, a Latino within the U.S. feels no need to cling to a pure version of Spanish, yet is constantly refreshing his or her memory of the native tongue.

In other words, Spain's attempts to define the hybrid and keep the language pure might just be quixotic.

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Puedes Believe It? Spanglish Gets In El Dictionary

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The Royal Spanish Academy, considered the authority on the Spanish language, has recently approved the new term "Espanglish." While some applaud the academy for recognizing a language that's been spoken for more than a century, critics say the word's "deformed" definition is insulting.

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Este podcast habla de la importancia de el nuevo lenguaje, Spanglish. Spanglish es muy popular y es un nuevo lenguaje en los Estados Unidos. La morfología es la razón por que lenguajes como Spanglish pueden existir. La creación de nuevas palabras es importante para gente que habla dos lenguajes. Mucha gente no entiende esto y cree que el Spanglish ayuda la gente no aprender el ingles correcto, pero no es el caso. La gente puede hablar el ingles correcto y cambiar y usar el Spanglish sin interrumpir el ingles.

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A car ad on a Spanish-language radio station in New York mixes directions in Spanish with the phrase "quality-checked certified pre-owned vehicles." A sign in Springfield, Mass. warns young Latinos: "No Hangear" - don't hang out on this corner. Spanglish - a cross between Spanish and English - it seems, is everywhere. NPR's Bob Edwards talks about the language mix with Ilan Stavans, author of a new book, Spanglish: The Making of a New American Language.

Stavans, professor of Latin American and Latino Culture at Amherst College, says Spanglish changes so fast it's hard to pin down. His book includes a Spanglish dictionary. Some examples: "Backupear" is to back up a car, "yarda" is yard, "pregneada" is pregnant.

Though Spanglish has been around for some time, some people worry that it will corrupt the English language. But Stavans says its use can be inspiring.

"There are many people out there that speak English, Spanish and Spanglish. It is a language that, to this day, academics [distrust], that politicians only recently have begun to take it more into consideration. But poets, novelists and essayists have realized that it is the key to the soul of a large portion of the population."

"Latinos are learning English," he says. "That doesn't mean that they should sacrifice their original language or that they should give up this in-betweeness that is Spanglish. Spanglish is a creative way also of saying, 'I am an American and I have my own style, my own taste, my own tongue.'"

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A sign in Springfield, Mass. warns young Latinos: "No Hangear" -- don't hang out on this corner. Spanglish -- a cross between Spanish and English -- it seems, is everywhere. NPR's Bob Edwards talks with Ilan Stavans, author of a new book, Spanglish: The Making of a New American Language.

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Mucha gente piensa que las palabras Spanglish no son palabras de verdad e oficial. La palabras Spanglish son una combinación de el ingles y español. Se encuentra en comunidades que hablan los dos lenguajes o solamente un lenguaje, pero se encuentra influenza del otro lenguaje. Esta pagina en la red presenta diferente formaciones de la palabras Spanglish. Es muy interesante.

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Spanglish has really invaded the Spanish language in basically every Spanish speaking country. While some cross-over is only natural, sometimes the words that pop up in the Spanish vocabulary are just down-right comical. Here's my personal collection of some of the worst Spanglish words in use.

Technology Spanglish Words

In the case of gaming and technical language, I can understand the crossover a little more, so let's take a look at some of those first.

2. Updatear or opdeitear - To update
Spanish alternative: actualizar

5. Googlear or gugulear- to Google
Spanish alternative: buscar en Google

6. Clickear - To click
Spanish alternative: hacer clic, pinchar, apretar

Other Spanglish Words

With some of these others though, I'm not sure there is a good excuse for such terrible Spanglish!

1. Machar or machear - to match
Spanish alternative: combinar

8. Creepear or cripi- To creep on someone (often used when talking about looking over someone's Facebook page)
Spanish alternative: horripilante

9. A full - to be done with great intensity, for example, trabajando a full means "working really hard"
Spanish alternative: al máximo

13. Frizz or frizar - Frizz or to get frizzy
Spanish alternative: encrespar

14. Frizar - To freeze (in the freezer)
Spanish alternative: congelar

15. El locker - locker
Spanish alternative: el casillero

16. Ver un show - To see a show, such as a play or a concert
Spanish alternative: ver un espectáculo, ver un concierto, ver una obra, ver un recital

17. El ticket - A ticket, though only some places will understand this, which makes it tricky when you need to travel in places that use the proper words, entrada (for a show/event) and boleto (for travel)
Spanish alternative: el boleto, la entrada

18. Jamberger - Hamburger
Spanish alternative: hamburguesa

19. Mandar un inbox - To send a Facebook message
Spanish alternative: mandar un mensaje

These are all pretty sorry excuses for "Spanish" that certainly fall under the Best of the Worst Spanglish category, but this is far from all the English/Spanish hybrid words that have leaked into the Spanish language. Can you think of any more?
Check out these other English Spanish articles and our Spanglish Pinterest board for more cool examples.

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28 Spanglish Words: The Best of the Worst

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Spanglish has really invaded the Spanish language in basically every Spanish speaking country. While some cross-over is only natural, sometimes the words that pop up in the Spanish vocabulary are just down-right comical. Here's my personal collection of some of the worst Spanglish words in use.

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Spanglish
La morfología se enfoca en la formación de la palabras. En la clase hemos hablado sobre la gente que aprende el español en casa al mismo tiempo que aprende el ingles tiene un habito único. Ellos pueden hablar mezclado los dos idiomas y mantener la gramática correcta. Esta escritura se enfoca en el cambio de lenguajes y nuevas palabras que se forman en el Spanglish.

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Spanglish demonstrates great influence of its two "mother" tongues in the realm of morphology, so for the sake of brevity I'll limit this discussion to the morphological characteristics unique to Spanglish. An interesting feature of Spanglish morphology is the ability of its speakers to maintain grammatical "correctness" in both languages at all times. While code switching at the word or even clausal level is fairly simple to employ without losing grammaticality, speakers code-switching on an intra-sentential level are able to alternate among multiple constituents without error (Torres 330). According to Torres, Spanglish speakers follow two major grammatical constraints: the free morpheme constraint and the equivalency constraint.

The equivalency constraint states what has already been cited, that no switch may occur where it would produce an ungrammatical structure in either language. The free morpheme constraint declares that no switching may occur between bound morphemes (in English, think '-ness' to convert adjectives to nouns - it may not exist alone and retain its meaning). However, other Spanglish researchers have indicated lexical items which appear to do precisely this. For example, Stavans cites the use of " jangear" to mean "to hang out." ' -ear' is a bound morpheme in Spanish which creates a verb; perhaps Torres means to specify that bound morphemes may be applied to new roots but not interchanged freely. He does prescribe to a more conservative school of thought on Spanglish than other researchers, such as Stavans. Torres praises Stavans' work but notes that his translation of Don Quijote is frequently ungrammatical.

Torres, Lourdes. "Don Quixote in Spanglish: Traddutore, traditore?". Romance Quarterly 52.4 (2005 Fall), pp. 328-334

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Spanglish demonstrates great influence of its two "mother" tongues in the realm of morphology, so for the sake of brevity I'll limit this discussion to the morphological characteristics unique to Spanglish. An interesting feature of Spanglish morphology is the ability of its speakers to maintain grammatical "correctness" in both languages at all times.

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La influencia del ambiente con la lengua

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La influencia del ambiente con la lengua

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Es fascinante como las lenguas son diversas y cambian mucho si viajas por el mundo. Este articulo me intereso porque se enfoca en nuevas investigaciones de la lengua. La pregunta es si el clima y ambiente cambia el uso de los consonantes en el lenguaje. Aunque las investigaciones todavía están colectando datos para poder comprobar la idea, es interesante porque la naturaleza los da sonidos que nuestro lengua no tiene que cubrir.

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English bursts with consonants. We have words that string one after another, like angst, diphthong and catchphrase. But other languages keep more vowels and open sounds. And that variability might be because they evolved in different habitats.

Consonant-heavy syllables don't carry very well in places like windy mountain ranges or dense rainforests, researchers say. "If you have a lot of tree cover, for example, [sound] will reflect off the surface of leaves and trunks. That will break up the coherence of the transmitted sound," says Ian Maddieson, a linguist at the University of New Mexico.

That can be a real problem for complicated consonant-rich sounds like "spl" in "splice" because of the series of high-frequency noises. In this case, there's a hiss, a sudden stop and then a pop. Where a simple, steady vowel sound like "e" or "a" can cut through thick foliage or the cacophony of wildlife, these consonant-heavy sounds tend to get scrambled.

Hot climates might wreck a word's coherence as well, since sunny days create pockets of warm air that can punch into a sound wave. "You disrupt the way it was originally produced, and it becomes much harder to recognize what sound it was," Maddieson says. "In a more open, temperate landscape, prairies in the Midwest of the United States [or in Georgia] for example, you wouldn't have that. So the sound would be transmitted with fewer modifications."

Other scientists have noticed that habitats can affect the way different bird species sing. "Say you're a bird in a forest, and some guy's going 'Stree! Stree! Stree!' But because of the environment, what you hear is 'Ree! Ree! Ree!' " says Tecumseh Fitch, a linguist at the University of Vienna in Austria who was not involved in the study. "Well, because you're learning the song, you'll sing 'Ree! Ree! Ree!' "

Since bird species living in rain forests tend to sing songs with fewer consonant-like sounds, Maddieson thought maybe the same would apply to human languages. Over time, people living in different climates would adapt their speech to communicate more efficiently.

In a presentation on Wednesday at the Acoustical Society of America fall meeting, Maddieson showed that consonant-thick languages like Georgian are more likely to develop in open, temperate environments. Meanwhile, consonant-light languages like Hawaiian are more likely to be found in lush, hot ecologies.

Fitch says it's a tantalizing hypothesis, but still unproven. People who live nearby are usually related, so their languages could be too. Hawaiian and Maori are light on consonants and developed in hot, tropical climates, but they also both came from an ancestor Eastern Polynesian language. That could confound the results of Maddieson's study. Until that's sorted out, Fitch says, it's hard to know how strong the data are.

And the environmental effect only accounts for some of the variation in birdsongs. That's probably true for our tongues too. "There are many reasons why some languages have more vowels or more consonants, and this is just one of them," Fitch says.

Other researchers say this is just the beginning of a line of research into how nature rules our speech. "This is the first of its kind, and there are several others coming now. It's becoming increasingly clear that the way we speak is shaped by external forces," says Sean Roberts, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands who was not involved in the study.

In his own work, Roberts found that arid, desertlike places are less likely to have tonal languages like Mandarin or Vietnamese. And he once analyzed a decades' worth of Larry King transcripts. "I carried the proportion of consonants to vowels that he was using and matched that to the actual humidity on the day he recorded those things," Roberts says. The longtime TV pundit used a few more consonants on dry days.

And the language you're reading now evolved in a cold, gloomy climate prone to light mist and drizzle. Fitch says: "English is quite a consonant-heavy language, and of course it didn't develop in a rain forest."

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Did The Language You Speak Evolve Because Of The Heat?

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English bursts with consonants. We have words that string one after another, like angst, diphthong and catchphrase. But other languages keep more vowels and open sounds. And that variability might be because they evolved in different habitats. Consonant-heavy syllables don't carry very well in places like windy mountain ranges or dense rainforests, researchers say.

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Como cada país, los Estados Unidos o Norteamérica tiene su cambios de la dialéctica en diferentes regiones del país.  En el podcast con Profesor William Labov, hablan del cambio en dialectico el los Estados Unidos y como la gente de diferentes regiones se oye mucho mas diferente hoy en día. El se enfoca en la importancia de los dialecticos nativos de una region y la posibilidad de que no existen. la conversación es muy importante porque el habla de los sonidos y palabras que se oyen igual en la lengua ingles de los Estados Unidos de America.

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MICHELE NORRIS, Host:

This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED, from NPR News. I'm Michele Norris.

ROBERT SIEGEL, Host:

And I'm Robert Siegel.

P: Phonetics, Phonology and Sound Change. He calls it a snapshot of our rapidly changing language, mergers of sounds that used to be different, splits of sounds that used to be the same.

Now, you might think that our regional differences are being eroded by national broadcasts and our personal mobility. Not so, says Professor Labov.

WILLIAM LABOV: The opposite is true. Whatever the influence of the mass media are, it doesn't affect the way we speak everyday. And the regional dialects of this country are getting more and more different, so that people in Buffalo, St. Louis and Los Angeles are now speaking much more differently from each other than they ever did.

SIEGEL: The way in which we can hear that online at your Atlas, is by clicking on a location and hearing the way a particular word is pronounced in that place. I was clicking on man in many different places.

LABOV: Yeah. Well, man has been raised from man to men to men in many parts of the country; and it's not the item that makes us so different. In some parts of the country, only the words that end in M and N sounded like that. So understand, animal, [unintelligible] ad version, Spanish. But in the inland north that we've investigated so closely, every single word spelled with the letter A goes up. So we not only have man, but we have mat, and that, and attitude, and athletic.

SIEGEL: Going up?

LABOV: Well, say up, because it means that the point of the tongue that helps form the vowel is higher up in the mouth. But the difference between man and man or man. The short vowels in English, pit, pet, pat, have been standing still for a thousand years, while the long vowels did their merry chase. It's called the great vowel shift. But long about 1950, the short vowels in Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Buffalo, Rochester, began to move. It's called the northern city shift.

SIEGEL: The northern city shift.

LABOV: Yeah. It's new and it's extraordinary, and now the people in that region talk more differently from the rest of the country than ever before.

SIEGEL: Really? That is the great difference, to be either from the north or the rest of the country.

LABOV: Well, the inland north, the area of those big cities, about 34 million people are doing this. I could just play an example I happen to have here. In these experiments we carried out in Chicago, Atlanta and Birmingham, we played individual words for people such as this one.

COMPUTER VOICE: Black, black.

LABOV: And we asked people to write down what they heard. And almost everybody writes down b-l-a-c-k. And then we would play for them...

VOICE: Living on one block.

LABOV: And then the full sentence.

VOICE: Old senior citizens living on one block.

LABOV: And suddenly they realize that these people are pronouncing the word, block, the way they pronounce black. There's another example...

VOICE: Bosses...

LABOV: You play that word and everybody talks about bosses, and then they hear...

VOICE: The bosses with the antennas.

LABOV: And they're wondering who are these bosses with the antennas? And then they hear...

VOICE: I can remember, vaguely, when we had the busses with the antennas on the top.

LABOV: And they realized that this person is saying the word bus the way they say boss. So that's just a few little samples of this great rotation of vowels, which means that when people come to Chicago, Detroit, Buffalo, or Rochester, they think they understand everything they hear, but there will be a lot of misunderstandings.

SIEGEL: You once pointed out to me some years ago a troubling fact, which is that if one doesn't make a distinction in one's own speech, one may not hear it in other people's speech.

LABOV: Half of this country has a merger of the word classes, cot, caught, don, dawn, hock, hawk. You can hear the difference as I'm saying it.

SIEGEL: I can hear the differences, yes.

LABOV: But if you came from Los Angeles or Pittsburgh, those words sound pretty much the same. There are lots and lots of mergers that are taking place. Some of them are almost finished. For example, which and witch used to be different in two-thirds of the country. Now, there's only in a few people who make that difference. I'll exaggerate it. The voiceless one sounds like, which. It's like blowing out a candle. When. And the other W, or the way we pronounce it mostly today is, when.

SIEGEL: These are called mergers, where sounds that used to be discreet and different are now pronounced pretty much the same.

LABOV: Yeah, and it's a one-way deal. That is, the area that has the merger is going to expand at the expense of the area that has the difference.

SIEGEL: One interesting merger I'd like you to talk about is the merger between do, I do, one says at the altar, and the dew on the grass in the morning.

LABOV: The d-e-w word used to have a little glide, dew; and that's largely disappeared. But the difference in the vowel remained. So people used to say dew and do. When I worked in New York City, I used to ask people, can you say, I do? And they would say, yes. Can you say, I do? And they would say, yes. And I would say, can you talk about the dew on the grass? And they would say, yes. But what about the do on the grass? And they would start to laugh because that could only mean a dog's leavings. So that little difference was there.

SIEGEL: We, of course, encounter a version of that every hour here, which is when we have to say that now you're going to hear the news.

LABOV: But if you think about that sound of news or dew, it's astonishing to discover that throughout all of North America, a sound is moving forward towards the French sound of ieu. So that a ghost used to say, boo, but today, everywhere in North America, the ghost says, boo. Can you hear the difference?

SIEGEL: Why do you think this happens? Why do you think that after some years of most people pronouncing the word one way, there's shift towards pronouncing a simple word another way?

LABOV: We have certain theories about the mechanical factors that do this, and then sometimes it turns out that there's a social value that people put on certain sounds. In the case of these mergers, most people don't notice them, and they just happen without a single person realizing that the merger is going on. Language is not very stable.

SIEGEL: Now, for all of the mergers that you report on, there's at least one split you teach us about, and that's the split of the short A sound, which at one time would be very different when it appeared in ham and, I guess, man. It was very different at one time. No longer.

LABOV: In New York City and all the cities of the mid-Atlantic states, there is this curious split which we chase back ultimately to its origins in the 13th century in England. But today, New York City has its system, and Philadelphia has its system, and they're quite different. In New York, we say, cab, mad, flag. But in Philadelphia it's cab, and flag. And only three words before D of that sound, mad, bad, glad, as against, sad, dad, fad. So it's like a lock and key system. And you can easily recognize a speaker from those cities by the fact that they have that intricate pattern.

And I don't mean to suggest that all the dialects, older dialects, are changing and developing. The small ones are going to the wall and disappearing. If you have a city of a couple hundred thousand, the chances are its local dialect will disappear. But it won't go into the direction of standard English. Rather it will merge with the regional dialect and strengthen along with it.

SIEGEL: Well, William Labov, thank you very much for talking with us today.

LABOV: Good talking to you.

SIEGEL: William Labov is one of the authors of The Atlas of North American English Phonetics, Phonology and Sound Change.

Copyright © 2006 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio record.

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American Accent Undergoing Great Vowel Shift

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Professor William Labov, a University of Pennsylvania linguist and author of the new book Atlas of North American English Phonetics, Phonology and Sound Change, says there is a shift of vowel sounds in the inland northern cities. He calls it the "northern city shift."

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Es muy importante saber la historia de lo que aprendemos especialmente cuando es de el lenguaje. Me interesa saber como se construyo las reglas de los símbolos de la fonética porque me fascina como podemos aprender el significado e origen de el lenguaje. La pagina que compartí tiene recursos para entender las reglas y poder estudiar la fonética en casa.

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In 1888, the International Phonetic Association published the International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA.

The IPA is a special phonetic system that is designed to regulate the sounds of spoken languages, and it represents the qualities of speech that are distinct: intonation, phonemes, and separation of words and syllables, not including sounds made by lisping, tooth gnashing, or cleft palettes. These are included in an extended set of characters called the Extensions to the IPA.

What Happened Before the International Phonetic Alphabet

Before the IPA, in 1886, the first version of the IPA chart was formed. It was based on the Roman alphabet, but in order to make it usable for other languages as well, the values attributed to certain symbols were allowed to be different depending on the language. For instance, the was originally represented by the letter c in English, but for the French language, it was changed to x.

This lasted until 1888, when the current IPA was adopted and made uniform across all languages, avoiding any confusion. There have been a few revisions since then as well.

How the IPA Chart Works

The IPA chart has one symbol for each sound of speech. It doesn't use letters to combine sounds and there are no letters that are context-dependent. There are also no distinctions between two sounds if they are the same, even if in some languages they have different letters. There are 107 symbols to represent consonants and vowels. 31 of those are diacritics, or glyphs, which are used to further specify certain sounds, and of the 107 symbols, 19 of which are for things like stress, intonation, tone or length of sound.

The actual symbols of the IPA are based on the Latin alphabet, which makes sense as most languages have Latin roots. This means the symbols are either Latin or Greek, although some symbols were invented exclusively for the chart.

How to Read the IPA Chart

Reading the IPA chart usually requires some type of tutorial beforehand or the presence of a translation chart as well. The chart has three categories: pulmonic consonants, non-pulmonic consonants, and vowels. Pulmonic consonants are sounds that are made when the space between the vocal chords or mouth is obstructed at the same time air is being let out of the lungs. These make up the majority of the chart and all of the consonants in the English language fall into this part of the chart. Non-pulmonic consonants are made when airflow is not dependent on the lungs. This is common with clicks in African languages and ejectives found in Caucasian languages. This table is small. The chart defines vowels as sounds that occur at a syllable center - this part of the chart can be complicated to remember.

For over a decade, Tanya has been helping organizations and individuals alike tell their stories. A graduate of Western University, Tanya holds a Bachelor of Science degree, as well as a post-graduate diploma in Public Relations. As an experienced marketing and communications professional, she has helped individuals, start-ups, and multinational corporations craft and amplify meaningful communications across the arts, culture, entertainment, health, wellness, and technology industries.

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International Phonetic Alphabet | For Clients - Creative Inspiration | Voices.com Blog

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In 1888, the International Phonetic Association published the International Phonetic Alphabet, or IPA. The IPA is a special phonetic system that is designed to regulate the sounds of spoken languages, and it represents the qualities of speech that are distinct: intonation, phonemes, and separation of words and syllables, not including sounds made by lisping, tooth gnashing, or cleft palettes.

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La fonética es diferente y cambia dependiendo de el lenguaje. En esta pagina de ¨American Speech Language Hearing Association¨ de ejemplos y datos de la fonética en los lenguajes. Esta pagina me ayudo mucho para practicar la fonética afuera de la clase. Tiene ejemplos y presenta la información en maneras accessible para poder aprender.

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A list of phonemic inventories across multiple languages

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En la clase discutimos la enfermedad afasia expresiva y como afecta la gente despues de un infarto. Aprendimos que el cerebro es importante para la formacion del lenguaje. Sabes que el periodo critico en la vida es importante para el desarrollo de los bebes y su comunicacion. Pero, tambien sabemos que esto se puede interrupir. En este articulo aprendemos los differentes tipos de afasia y como afectan las personas con el lenguaje y communicacion.

http://www.webmd.com/brain/aphasia-causes-symptoms-types-treatments#2

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En la clase aprendimos sobre el Papiamento y las lenguas criollas. Es muy fascinante aprender de lenguas criollas porque la historia es muy antigua y es similar con Espanol. El video los ensena cinco palabras de Papiamento que son importante y debemos saber para poder comunicarnos con personas que hablan el Papiamento. Para este curso, el muchacho del video lo explica simplemente.

https://youtu.be/bovPKlXG-yU

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El articulo, "Desarrollo del lenguaje en el bebé: de cero a tres meses" discute el desarrollo de los bebes en el lenguaje. Como aprendimos en el libro y la clase, el period critico es muy importante en la vida del ser humano. En ese periodo, al oir los sonidos pueden differenciar y empiezan ha imitar movimientos de la boca de los demas. Esto tambien esta conectado ha lo que encontro Ferninand Saussure.

http://www.bebesymas.com/desarrollo/desarrollo-del-lenguaje-en-el-bebe-de-cero-a-tres-meses

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En el podcast de Latino USA, hablan sobre las palabras y el lenguaje "Spanglish". Me recordo de la conversacion en clase sobre la importancia de differentes lugares y como cambian las palabras. Por ejemplo, discutimos el Espanol del Caribe, Mexico, y Espana. Aunque el Spanglish no es completamente Espanol es un tipo de lengua porque es el resultado de la mexcla de Ingles y Espanol en la frontera de los Estados Unidos y Mexico. Esto es algo muy interesante.

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Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.