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In biology, an adaptation, also called an adaptive trait, is a trait with a current functional role in the life of an organism that is maintained and evolved by means ofnatural selection. Adaptation refers to both the current state of being adapted and to the dynamic evolutionary process that leads to the adaptation.

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Development is the progression from earlier to later stages in maturation, e.g. a fertilized egg develops into a mature tree. It is the process whereby tissues, organs, and whole plants are produced. It involves: growth, morphogenesis (the acquisition of form and structure), and differentiation.

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The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity

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the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

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the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

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the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

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Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all known life; each individual organism exists as the result of reproduction.

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Atoms are organized into molecules, molecules into organelles, and organelles into cells, and so on. According to the Cell Theory, all living things are composed of one or more cells, and the functions of a multicellular organism are a consequence of the types of cells it has.