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MEANING:
Beowulf is a long epic poem found in the  Norman Invasions time period but was already told by some storytellers in the early 700. The story is about a hero and at bloodthirsty monster.

WORDS:
Hwæt means What
Fremedon means accomplished
Spear Danna means spear-Danes
Dagum means days

OTHERS LANGUAGES:
Faroe island, Danish, English

PRONOUNCE:
Rrrr (Duthch)

LINGUISTICS:
The cultural learning is how you can combine different languages into one spoken language

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Do you understand the meaning ? Nothing – very little. Only geographical names, mansliht (manslaughter)

Looking closer ……: few words forebecna/forewarnings, dracan/dragons, hæthenra/heathen, cyrican/church, ofer/over

Which other language…. : dansk, engelsk, flamsk, Latin

Which sounds……..: no precisely prononcuation

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Group 5 - Valentine´s day love letter (1477)

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Group 5 - Valentine´s day love letter (1477)

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Note the words, the spelling, grammatical endings, the word order:
Hath, shall, knoweth, beseech, nor.
Words we rarely use today.

Which other languages help you decipher or can you spot parts of?
Anglo/Saxon/Jute and Old Norse.

Which sounds are different form today’s English, can you pronounce them? Why can you easily, or can you not?
Listening to the audio file she talked with an accent of that period of time.

Put into context: What is the cultural learning here? How does it link with linguistics (vocabulary, spelling, grammar, phonetics)?
That the language is changing in both the vocabulary, spelling and the phonetics.

Writing a loveletter in that time period was much more polite, romantic and deepfelt. Mostly written by men that were chivalrous.

This loveletter is most likely written by a noble woman because a maid would not have the language abilities to write or read.

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Do you understand the meaning?

It’s a practice part of a recipe.

Looking closer can you decipher some meaning in some of the words? Note the words, the spelling, grammatical endings, the word order.

The spelling is different from today’s English language use.

Ew ardaunt (water hot) have an French touch to them, seeing as it should have been placed the other way around in English.

Ayrenn means egg but is the old way of saying it. But they have put raw(e) behind it, instead of in front of it. The syntax is more like the French, where they put the adjectives after the noun.

Words spelled differently

Euery / Every

Serue / Serve

Coffyns / Coffins

Myddell / Middle
Syde / Side

Lyngur / Longer

Words from other languages

iiii (roman numeral)

Gode (Danish)

Arme (Danish)

Fars (Danish)

Almandes (French)

Ew (Eau – French)

Ardaunt (French)

Words we still use today

Pork

Apples

Salt

Crème

Colour

Take

Make

Bake

Blanched

Fasten

Foot

Which other languages help you decipher or can you spot parts of?

Danish, French and English, Roman numeral.

Which sounds are different from today’s English, can you pronounce them? Why can you easily, or can you not?

That depends on if it should be pronounced in English. Some words have a more Nordic or French sound/spelling.

Put into context: What is the cultural learning here? How does it link with linguistics (vocabulary, spelling, grammar, phonetics)?

It gives the learner an overview of how the language have changed through time. In 1390 the English language had several words from other languages, whereas today it has its own way of spelling and pronouncing.

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Meaning: We understand the overall while reading the original text. It's about the joys of his royal life and the importance of good company.

The spelling and pronounciation has changed. Examples:
- Grugge: Grudge
- Hert: Heart
- Ys: Is

Words from other languages:
- Leve (to live) from the Jutes
- woll (will) from the Old Norse (North germanic
- Daunce: (to dance) from the French

Sounds different today:
- Thynckyth: Thinks
- Plecyd: Pleased

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Number 7 – Shakespeare’s King Lear 1608 

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Number 7 – Shakespeare’s King Lear 1608 

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We do understand the overall meaning of the text, but the details are not clear to us.

Example:

The pronounce are old fashioned: “Prethee if thou love me, tell me”.
“If you love me, tell me”.

The Word order of a sentence: “I know thee not”.
“I don’t know you”.

Spelling is changed: “Denie – Deny”, “Helpe, ho, murther, helpe – Help, mother help”.

The German language can be recognised in few words such as: “Murther – Mutter – Mother” and “Lipaburiepinfold” – It sounds like it has German origin.

The cultural learning is that, in the 16th century the hierarchy differences were much more obvious. It also shows in the pragmatics, by being very polite.

In regards to the vocabulary, they also had a very extended selection swear words such as : “Rogue, Rascall, Eater of broken meates, shallow beggarly ect…

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Do you understand the meaning: The text is about the medical understanding of the plague.

Looking closer: Yes, the words are very similar to today's standards.
Some of the differences are: "bleffing". "publifh". Capital lettering: "Persons", "World",

Syntax: "I thought it my duty to publifh it abroad in the World"

Vocabulary: "and fo drink freely", "and not to get gain".

"and fo take it."

Other languages: Gothic, German It was published in the early modern English periode - se there might some French, Latin, Greek and Italian as well).

It it just after the Shakespearian time which is reflected in the text (syntax).

Different sounds: The speaker sounded British - northern British.

Our cultural learning: Tracings of time: Multiple languages.
The spelling and the grammar has changed (the f's might have helped pronunciation).
Our understanding of the writer.

Link to linguistics:
Vocabulary: The difference in words used then and now.
Spelling: Almost the same as today
Grammar: Capital letters. Syntax.
Phonetics: pronounce some f's as an s.

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Do you understand the poem: Yes the poem serves as a sort reflection on the social, political and religious circumstances of the 18th century.

Alot of meaning is hidden in between lines, and is therefore while having a lot of modern words still quite old-fashioned poetry.

He makes use of caesura, methaphors and enjambments, which aren't so common in modern day writing anymore

Soundwise there aren't any changes to the pronunciation

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Do you understand the meaning?
Only a few words, or short chunks.

Words:
A knyght ther was, and that a worthy man. that fro the tyme that he first bigan to riden out, he loved chivalrie.

Language and pronounce:
French and German.
some of the sentence rhyme.