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To what extent was the Delano Grape Strike successful in improving pay and working conditions for agricultural workers?

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The Delano Grape Strikes began in 1965 when Filipino and Latino farm workers in Delano went on strike due to low wages and poor woking conditions. Furthermore, millions of Americans joined a boycott of grapes in support of the striking workers. At the time, growers were not required to pay farm workers minimum wage, and the working conditions were extremely poor: there wasn't enough water or bathrooms, no job security, no benefits, and the workers were exposed to a lot of pesticides which have many health risks. Oftentimes there was no electricity or running water and most of the workers lived in tents. There were a lot of people in need of a job, so if the workers tried to strike or ask for higher wages, the growers would fire them higher new workers.

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The Delano Grape Strike/Boycott was somewhat successful, because farm workers were added to the Fair Labor Standards Act and many of the grape growers agreed to raise wages and improve working conditions.

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As a result of the Delano Grape Strike/Boycott, many grape growers agreed to raise wages and  working conditions.

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As a result of the Delano Grape Strike/Boycott, many grape growers agreed to raise wages and  working conditions.

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John Giumarra and United Farm Workers Agreement

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John Giumarra and United Farm Workers Agreement

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This is an image of John Giumarra, the owner of one of the largest grape farms in Delano, holding up the United Farm Workers (UFW) label. Giumarra had just agreed to raise wages.

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On April 7, 1966, 75 striking grape workers began their march from Delano to Sacramento. The march was led by César Chávez and was over 300 miles long. The march was successful in getting two of the main grape growers in Delano to agree to raise wages.

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In response to the strikes and boycotts, an amendment was added to the Fair Labor Standards Act to include agricultural workers.

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In response to the strikes and boycotts, an amendment was added to the Fair Labor Standards Act to include agricultural workers.

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The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 created a minimum wage and requires overtime pay. This act improved working conditions for many people, but not all groups were not included in this act. Farmers, employees of hospitals and schools, and government employees are a few of the groups who were not initially included in the Fair Labor Standards Act.

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3rd Amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act

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3rd Amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act

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"The 1966 Amendments extended coverage to State and local government employees of hospitals, nursing homes, and schools, and to laundries, drycleaners, and large hotels, motels, restaurants, and farms." The addition of farm workers to the Fair Labor Standards Act is a success of the Delano Grape Strike/Boycott.

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Even though wages and working conditions improved, they still have not improved enough.

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Even though wages and working conditions improved, they still have not improved enough.

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Farm workers now have the right to minimum wage, but minimum wage is still not very much. According to the National Farm Worker Ministry, "twenty-five percent of all farm workers had a family income below the federal poverty line." Additionally, farm workers get overtime pay after 60 hours of work a week, while most other workers are required to receive overtime pay after 40 hours.

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"Eugene Nelson Jr.: 'Huelga: New Goals for Labor' (1967)." The American Mosaic: The Latino American Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2020, latinoamerican.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1449504. Accessed 9 Nov. 2020.

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"History of Federal Minimum Wage Rates Under the Fair Labor Standards Act 1983-2009" U.S. Department of Labor https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/minimum-wage/history/chart#fn2
Accessed Nov. 2020.

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"Delano Grape Workers' Strike and March (1966)." The American Mosaic: The Latino American Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2020, latinoamerican.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1504482. Accessed 6 Nov. 2020.

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"James G. O'hara: Remarks on Delano Grape Workers Proclamation (1969)." The American Mosaic: The Latino American Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2020, latinoamerican.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1449506. Accessed 6 Nov. 2020.

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"John Giumarra Comes to an Agreement with the UFW." The American Mosaic: The Latino American Experience, ABC-CLIO, 2020, latinoamerican.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1665279. Accessed 9 Nov. 2020.

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“Robert F. Kennedy: ‘The text of a speech given by Robert F. Kennedy about Cesar Chavez during a visit to Delano, California, March 10, 1968.’ (1967)” Digital Public Library of America https://dp.la/primary-source-sets/the-united-farm-workers-and-the-delano-grape-strike/sources/1318. Accessed Nov. 2020.

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“Warning: Eating Grapes May Be Hazardous to Your Health,” Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/035e2068918fbbf34e41af8d60497454. Accessed Nov. 2020.

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Pesticides are still used in agriculture and still have harmful health effects on farmers and consumers.