# data[].attributes.body
-52nd president of Mexico
-Apart of the Institutional Revolutionary Party
-Born in Colima, Mexico
-1982-1988

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
A fierce critic of Mr. de la Madrid's rule, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, joined with other reformers in the P.R.I., as the Institutional Revolutionary Party is known, to call for a more transparent selection process for presidential candidates. Such internal criticism was considered treasonous by party hard-liners, and Mr. de la Madrid said: "As far as I'm concerned, let them go. Let them form another party."

They did, and although Mr. Cárdenas failed to defeat Mr. Salinas, the 1988 election would be marred by irregularities, including the crash of the government computer used to count votes. It was the first time in generations that the ruling party's victory was not a foregone conclusion.

Twelve years later, when Vicente Fox won the presidency representing the opposition National Action Party, the P.R.I. would finally lose its grip on Mexico.

Calling him a "gray president," Lorenzo Meyer, a historian, said Mr. de la Madrid had been unlucky to inherit such a grave economic crisis and proved unable to extract the country from it. Mr. de la Madrid, Mr. Meyer said, was the father of Mexico's political opposition, since it was his stubbornness that gave rise to it.

Future presidents learned from Mr. de la Madrid's missteps. During the 2009 outbreak of swine flu in Mexico, President Felipe Calderón took to the airwaves and made public appearances to let the population know he was on top of the crisis. Commentators praised him for not following in the footsteps of Mr. de la Madrid.

After his term ended, Mr. de la Madrid became the director of the state-owned publishing company and remained largely out of the public eye. He did resurface in 2009 in a radio interview in which he expressed regret for choosing Mr. Salinas, who is widely reviled because of an economic collapse shortly after he left office and revelations of an unexplained fortune amassed by his brother.

Born in Colima, on Mexico's Pacific coast, on Dec. 12, 1934, Mr. de la Madrid graduated from the National Autonomous University of Mexico and later received a master's degree from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. He began his career in government with a series of bureaucratic positions in Mexico's central bank, at the state-owned oil company and in the finance ministry. In 1976 he became secretary of budget and planning under President López Portillo.

Mr. de la Madrid is survived by his wife, Paloma Cordero; his sons, Miguel, Enrique, Federico and Gerardo de la Madrid Cordero; a daughter, Margarita de la Madrid Cordero; and several grandchildren.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Miguel de la Madrid, President of Mexico in 1980s, Dies at 77

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A fierce critic of Mr. de la Madrid's rule, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, joined with other reformers in the P.R.I., as the Institutional Revolutionary Party is known, to call for a more transparent selection process for presidential candidates. Such internal criticism was considered treasonous by party hard-liners, and Mr. de la Madrid said: "As far as I'm concerned, let them go.

# data[].attributes.body
How would you feel if Tita would have had a traditional happy ending with Pedro? Do you think there would be still be the same symbolism and unique style to the book? If not why?

# data[].attributes.body
What are the similarities between Alex and Esperanza's wedding and what you read?

Do you think Tita contributed to their weddings success?

Are there any similarities between American weddings and the Mexican weddings that took place in the book?

# data[].attributes.body
Catholic and Spanish traditions are followed heavily when a marriage ceremony occurs. There are strong cultural connections between American and Mexican weddings.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Mexican Society - Learn about Mexican Culture | don Quijote

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Discover Mexican society through the Mexican fashion, popular festivals and Mexican holidays, famous Mexicans, Mexican customs, Mexican food, and much more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Other discussion topics: What are somethings or characters that have noticeable changed trough out the book?

# data[].attributes.subject
Other discussion topics: What are somethings or characters that have noticeable changed trough out the book?

# data[].attributes.body
Are the changes good or bad?

Final thoughts on the book
-did you like it, better than the other ones we have read in class
-if so why or why not

# data[].attributes.headline
Questions                       Who do you think the lucky person in the book is and why? 

# data[].attributes.subject
Questions                       Who do you think the lucky person in the book is and why? 

# data[].attributes.body
Who would be considered unlucky, why?

What is something that represents luck in U.S. culture?

# data[].attributes.body
There is a hidden porcelain doll in the bread that if is found by the lucky one once the bread is cut, they are considered lucky indeed

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Santa Claus may have gone back to the North Pole to rest, but it doesn't mean the gift-giving (and receiving) is over -- at least not for the thousands of children in Latin America and Spain anxiously awaiting "El Día de los Reyes" Celebration on Jan. 6th.

For many Christians, the holiday season doesn't officially end until the 12th day of Christmas known as the "Feast of the Epiphany" or "Three Kings' Day".

The holiday marks the biblical adoration of baby Jesus by the three Kings, also referred to as three Wise Men or Magi. According to the Gospel of Matthew, the men found the divine child by following a star across the desert for twelve days to Bethlehem. Melchior, Caspar, and Balthazar -- representing Europe, Arabia, and Africa respectively -- travelled by horse, camel, and elephant in order to present baby Jesus with three symbolic gifts.

The gold offered by one of the wise men is a symbolic acknowledgment of Jesus' royal standing as "King of the Jews," while the frankincense manifests the divine nature of the baby's existence, since he is not an earthly king but the Son of God. And finally the myrrh, often used to embalm corpses, was gifted to the newborn as a symbol of Jesus' mortality -- foreshadowing his death as a means to cleanse humanity of its sins.

Reyes festivities come in different shapes and sizes across the globe from community parades to three-day celebrations at Disneyland. In Mexico, thousands gather every year to taste a mile-long "Rosca de Reyes" (Kings' Bread) while others simply make the holiday staple at home honoring the tradition to hide a baby jesus figurine within the bread -- the person whose slice has the figurine must prepare tamales for everyone on the Day of the Candles on Feb. 2!
Here are some of the traditions, recipes, and celebration that surround "El Día de los Reyes". CORRECTION: A previous version of this article misquoted Matthew by describing the "star" the three kings followed as the "North star."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
¡Feliz Reyes! The Story Behind 'El Día De Los Reyes' Celebration

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Santa Claus may have gone back to the North Pole to rest, but it doesn't mean the gift-giving (and receiving) is over -- at least not for the thousands of children in Latin America and Spain anxiously awaiting "El Día de los Reyes" Celebration on Jan. 6th.

# data[].attributes.body
-The peso went from more than 23 pesos to the dollar in 1980, to about 350 to the dollar in 1985
-In the early 1980s Mexico couldn't pay it's debts to non- US banks
- The fall in oil price caused Mexico's economy to fall

# data[].attributes.body
How does the Culture and Politics from the 1980s connect with the reading?

# data[].attributes.body
"the lost decade"
- Mexico was dealing with a recession which was slowing down economic growth.
- Miguel de la Madrid, was the President of Mexico that dealt with this economic crisis.

# data[].attributes.body
- By 1989 Los Angeles had the second most latinos (Mexico city being the first).
- Reagan wanted to stop communist expansion in Central America
- Quaker Organizations and Catholic Churches offered to shelter refugees
- "Coyotes" would take families across border to El Norte.
Who risks there life to make their life better in the reading?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Reagan Years: 1980s: Mexican American Culture | Picture This

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Mexican Americans have always been an important ethnic component of California's population. The first of the two huge waves of Latino immigration to California took place between 1910 and 1919 during the Mexican Revolution. The second happened throughout the 1980s, when the population of Latinos grew larger in number than any other ethnic group.