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As the wavelengths of electromagnetic waves get shorter, their energy increases. Gamma rays are the shortest waves in the spectrum and, as a result, have the most energy.

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X-rays have even shorter wavelengths than ultraviolet rays. At this point in the electromagnetic spectrum, scientists begin to think of these rays more as particles than waves.

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Ultraviolet waves have the next shortest wavelength after visible light. It is ultraviolet rays from the Sun that cause sunburns.

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The visible light spectrum covers the wavelengths that can be seen by the human eye.

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Between microwaves and visible light are infrared waves. Infrared waves are sometimes classified as "near" infrared and "far" infrared.

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Microwaves are shorter than radio waves with wavelengths measured in centimeters.

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Radio waves have the longest wavelengths of all the electromagnetic waves. They range from around a foot long to several miles long. Radio waves are often used to transmit data and have been used for all sorts of applications including radio, satellites, radar, and computer networks.

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The frequency of a wave is the number of times per second that a wave cycles. The frequency is the inverse of the period.

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Longitudinal waves are waves where the disturbance moves in the same direction as the wave.

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Transverse waves are waves where the disturbance moves perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

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Electromagnetic waves are waves that can travel through a vacuum (empty space).

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Mechanical waves are waves that require a medium. This means that they have to have some sort of matter to travel through.

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a wave is a traveling disturbance that travels through space and matter transferring energy from one place to another.