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8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information

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8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information

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Students need to be able to take in information from a variety of sources and evaluate them. They may evaluate them on content and reliability. Students need to be able to extract pertinent information from the text and then be able to share the information effectively. They may do this by using graphs, interactive displays, models, orally, written, or through extended discussion.

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Students must be able to engage in discussion with their peers to understand a scientists culture. By debating and arguing, they are able to discuss possible solutions and better explanations. It is used to reach agreements design solution. In science, it is based on reasoning and used to find the best explanation. In engineering, they are needed to find the best solution to a problem.

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6. Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering)

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6. Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering)

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Goal of science is to construct an explanation for a phenomena. Students should be able to create their own explanation and connect it to the one given by their teacher.

Goal of engineering is to solve problems and design solutions. This involves finding the problem, generating, testing and then improving.

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5. Using mathematics and computational thinking

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5. Using mathematics and computational thinking

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Students need to be able to understand the connections between math and science and use them together. Through advances in technology, computers and calculators have made computing answers easier and can enhance the students learning experience. Students should feel comfortable using these tools and how to translate it into their own thinking.

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Students are expected to develop their abilities in interpreting and analyzing data. As their skills improve, they will be able to recognize patterns,  using math to represent relationships, and understand when errors arise. They should present their data as evidence that supports their conclusions.

Students observe the moon for a month and record their data.

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3. Planning and carrying out investigations

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3. Planning and carrying out investigations

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Investigations can be used to test a theory or to find the solution to a problem when used in engineering.  Students should state their objective, predict outcomes, and plan an investigation that will provide the best evidence. The evidence they find will be used to support the claims they have made.

Students are giving to reactive substances and are asked to predict what will happen if the mix them together (baking powder and vinegar). They will then mix them together and record their findings.

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Diagrams, physical replicas, mathematical representations, analogies, and computer simulations bring certain information into focus while obscuring others. They are used in science to represent a system and help to develop questions and communicate data. Models can be used in engineering to determine where flaws might occur to test possible solutions

Students create a physical replica of a cell and label the different parts.

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1. Asking Questions and Defining Problems

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1. Asking Questions and Defining Problems

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Students should be able to ask questions to their teacher and their peers about the content they are learning. Science begins with questions and engineering begins with defining a problem.  Asking questions may also lead to defining a question. They questions and problems drive one another.

Students may read an article as a class or individually and be asked to come up with a question they had from the reading. Have the students share their question and discuss an answer with the class.