# data[].attributes.body
the entire collection of all the cloned DNA fragments from a genome. DNA segments are like books that are shelved in plasmids inside or phages outside bacterial cells. Bacterial artificial chromosomes are also another type of library construction, carrying much larger pieces of foreign DNA than plasmids or phages. A typical cloned DNA fragment can carry one or few genes and the fragments include the entire genome of the organism from which the DNA was derived.

# data[].attributes.body
- is the scientific study of the full set of protein encoded  by a genome.
-  Genomics and proteomics are enabling biologists to approach the study of life from an increasingly holistic perspective.
- Since proteins carry out most of the activities of the cell, scientists must study when and where proteins are produced in an organism and how they interact in order to understand the functioning of cells and organisms.

# data[].attributes.body
1) RFLP stands for Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
2) It is a variation in the length of restriction fragments produced by a given restriction enzyme in DNA
3) It is used forensic investigations and hereditary disease mapping
4) They are markers for loci in the genome

# data[].attributes.body
Humans have 46 Chromosomes, 3.2 Billion nucleotide pairs of DNA and about 21,000 genes.
Only 1.5% of the Human DNA is for coding; 98.5% of the DNA is for non-coding purposes.
Humans have telomeres- Stretches of DNA with thousands of repetitions. Transposable elements (Jumping Genes): DNA Segments that can move or be copied from one location to another or between chromosome(s).
It is important to map the Human Genome as it allows scientists to identify diseases such as Parkinson's Disease, which is linked to a specific gene.
Additional Information: Altered versions of proteins encoded by this gene has been tied to Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a link between the two brain diseases.

# data[].attributes.body
To amplify a certain gene by taking a piece of DNA that codes for it and replicating it several times. It is used everyday for things such as diagnosing diseases within a person's DNA and determining the location of the gene, identifying certain bacterias and viruses, and to match criminals to crime scenes based on where their DNA cuts, and what is found. Uses heat, an artificial primer and polymerase to seperate the DNA and create another copy.

# data[].attributes.body
short for short tandem repeats- short sequences repeated many times in a row. Analysis of it is DNA profiling that compares the repeats of certain nucleotide sequences.

# data[].attributes.body
a probe is a nucleic acid, made of radioactive DNA, that is complementary to a specific gene or nucleic acid sequence -- it tags certain nucleotide sequences so they can be identified in the organisms clones -- it is a synthetic probe

# data[].attributes.body
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic (Unicellular/multicellular)
[Bacteria/Prokaryotic]
- Usually the best for making protein products
- Has available plasmids and phages for gene-cloning vectors
- Is easily and cheaply grown in large numbers
- Can be modified to make large amounts of certain proteins and secrete them
into the surrounding growth medium
- This makes collecting the proteins much easier
- Ex. Factor VIII (used in blood clotting)

[Yeast/Eukaryotic]
- Best eukaryotic organism for making proteins
- Easily grown
- Can take and integrate foreign DNA into their genomes
- Have plasmids that can be used as vectors
- Usually better at creating and secreting eukaryotic proteins
- Ex. The Hepatitis B vaccine

# data[].attributes.body
Pros:
-Desirable traits of the GMOs can be selected for human benefit (ex. Pest resistant, larger, sweeter)
-Larger yield of crops
-Potentially more nutritious vegetables and meats
Cons:
-Long term side-affects of consuming GMOs are unknown
-Transgenic plants may pass traits to their wild counterparts or relatives
-If not tested properly, serious health risks are possible such as new allergens being present

# data[].attributes.body
What the human genome is made of.n

# data[].attributes.body
A micro-array is a glass slide with thousands of different kinds of single stranded DNA fragments fixed to it in a tightly spaced array, or grid. Each DNA fragment is obtained from a articular gene; a single micro-array thus carries DNA from thousands of genes.

# data[].attributes.body
I want pie tho

# data[].attributes.body
A combination of cloned cDNA (complementary DNA) fragments inserted into a collection of host cells, which together constitute some portion of the transcriptome of the organism.

# data[].attributes.body
Tell Mel to share her pie