# data[].attributes.body
BB14160874

CHAPTER 1

(1) Introduction to system development process
- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

(2) The need for System analysis & Design
-seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
-used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

(3) System Analysis and their roles

The primary roles of the systems analyst:
-Consultant
-Supporting expert
-Agent of change

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

(4)   PHASE OF SDLC

(5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/
-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110079
1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:-
-  Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software.

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
-seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

-used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

-Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3) SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLE
- (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.
- uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.
- may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4)   PHASE OF SDLChttps://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/
-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
Introduction to system development process :

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

The need for system analysis & design:

- seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

-seek to identify and solve the right problems. Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

-Systems analysis and design involves working with current and eventual users of information systems to support them in working with technologies in an organizational setting.

System analyst & their roles:

1) The systems analysts are the liaisons between vendors and the IT professionals of the organization they represent. They may be responsible for developing cost analysis, design considerations, and implementation time-lines. They may also be responsible for feasibility studies of a computer system before making recommendations to senior management.

Interact with the customers to know their requirements

Interact with designers to convey the possible interface of the software

Interact/guide the coders/developers to keep track of system development

Perform system testing with sample/live data with the help of testers

Implement the new system

Prepare High quality Documentation

2)

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

Phase of SDLC:

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.a

Information system action committee and system group project:

group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

External consultant vs internal expert:

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/
-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110460

1. Introduction to the system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2. The need for system analysis & design

Seek to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.

used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3. System analysts

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

roles
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

4.Phases of SDLC

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5. Information system action committee and system group project

group of system analyst

information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6. External consultant vs internal expert
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110511

1. Introduction to system development process

- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software
- Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.
- The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2. The need for system analysis &design
- Installing a system without proper planning lead to great user dissatisfaction and frequently causes the system to fall into disuse
-  Lends structure to analysis and design of information system
- A series of processes systematically undertaken to improve a business through the use of computerized information system

3. System Analysts & their roles

- A systems analyst is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems. Systems analysts assess the suitability of information systems in terms of their intended outcomes and liaise with end users, software vendors and programmers in order to achieve these outcomes.
- A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.
-  Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

- A systems analyst may:

Identify, understand and plan for organisational and human impacts of planned systems, and ensure that new technical requirements are properly integrated with existing processes and skill sets.

Plan a system flow from the ground up.

Interact with internal users and customers to learn and document requirements that are then used to produce business requirements documents.

Write technical requirements from a critical phase.

Interact with software architect to understand software limitations.

Help programmers during system development, e.g. provide use cases, flowcharts, UML and BPMN diagrams.

Document requirements or contribute to user manuals.

Whenever a development process is conducted, the system analyst is responsible for designing components and providing that information to the developer.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4. Phases of SLDC

Planning

-  It identifies whether or not there is the need for a new system to achieve a business"s strategic objectives. This is a preliminary plan (or a feasibility study) for a company"s business initiative to acquire the resources to build on an infrastructure to modify or improve a service
- The purpose of this step is to find out the scope of the problem and determine solutions. Resources, costs, time, benefits and other items should be considered at this stage.

Systems Analysis and Requirements

- Where businesses will work on the source of their problem or the need for a change. In the event of a problem, possible solutions are submitted and analyzed to identify the best fit for the ultimate goal(s) of the project.
- It is also where system analysis takes place—or analyzing the needs of the end users to ensure the new system can meet their expectations

Systems Design

-This phase describes, in detail, the necessary specifications, features and operations that will satisfy the functional requirements of the proposed system which will be in place. This is the step for end users to discuss and determine their specific business information needs for the proposed system.

Development

- The development phase marks the end of the initial section of the process. Additionally, this phase signifies the start of production. The development stage is also characterized by instillation and change. Focusing on training can be a huge benefit during this phase.

Integration and Testing

- Carried out by a Quality Assurance (QA) professional—to determine if the proposed design meets the initial set of business goals. Testing may be repeated, specifically to check for errors, bugs and interoperability.
- The testing will be performed until the end user finds it acceptable. Another part of this phase is verification and validation, both of which will help ensure the program"s successful completion.

Implementation

- this phase involves the actual installation of the newly-developed system. This step puts the project into production by moving the data and components from the old system and placing them in the new system via a direct cutover. While this can be a risky (and complicated) move, the cutover typically happens during off-peak hours, thus minimizing the risk. Both system analysts and end-users should now see the realization of the project that has implemented changes.

Operations and Maintenance

-  involves maintenance and regular required updates. This step is when end users can fine-tune the system, if they wish, to boost performance, add new capabilities or meet additional user requirements.

5. Information system action committee and system group project

6. External consultant vs Internal expert

Internal consultant

- Advantage #1: Integrated Understanding
- Advantage #2: Follow-Through / Implementation
- Advantage #3: Proactive Planning

- Disadvantage #1: Ambiguity
- Disadvantage #2: Rocking the Boat

External Consultants

- Advantage #1: Established Reputation
- Advantage #2: External Objectivity
- Advantage #3: Expert Status

- Disadvantage #1: Missing the Point
- Disadvantage #2: Passing the Buck / Implementation Risk

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110079
1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:-
-  Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software.

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
-seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

-used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

-Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3) SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLE
- (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.
- uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.
- may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4)   PHASE OF SDLChttps://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/
-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110206

Chapter 1
1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

- Introduction to the system development process https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS DESIGN

i) Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
ii) Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

3) SYSTEM ANALYST AND THEIR ROLES

1) Roles of System Analyst
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

Notes:
The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4)PHASES OF SDLC

click-The Seven Phases of the System-Development Life Cycle

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE & SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT

I)External Consultant
An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.

Advantages:
- independent players
- clients have more confidence in external consultants than internal consultants.
-vast experience with various clients.

II)Internal Consultant
An internal consultant is, at first glance, just like an external consultant: a professional that is hired to solve an organisational problem and implement the solutions in order to improve the performance of an organisation.

Advantages:
-usually cheaper than external advisor
-better understanding of the organisation they advise
- more often involved with the realisation of their own advises

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110079
1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:-
-  Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software.

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
-seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

-used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

-Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3) SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLE
- (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.
- uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.
- may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4)   PHASE OF SDLChttps://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/
-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB13110539

1.Introduction to system development process
-is process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program

2.THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS DESIGN
-Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise

3.System analysts & their role
-systems analyst is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information system
-i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4.WHAT IS SDLC
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle

5.Information system action committee and system group project
-

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

6.external consultant vs internal expert
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110116

1. Introduction to system development process
- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

2. The need for System analysis & Design
-seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
-used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3. System analysts & their role
-A systems analyst is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.
-A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.

Roles of system analyst:
-consultant
-supporting expert
-agent of change

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4. Phases of SDLC
5. Information System action committee ans system group project
6.External consultant vs Internal expert

http://www.slideshare.net/bethannwilliams/what-is-an-internal-consultant?next_slideshow=1

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110541

INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:
Systems development comprises the steps undertaken to create, modify, or maintain an organization’s Information System. These steps, along with the project management concepts discussed below, guide the in-house development of Information Systems (i.e., make), as well as the acquisition of systems solutions (i.e., buy). A term often used synonymously with systems development is systems development life cycle or SDLC.

WHY NEED SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN?
Systems are created to solve problems. One can think of the systems approach as an organized way of dealing with a problem. In this dynamic world, the subject System Analysis and Design (SAD), mainly deals with the software development activities.

The need for System analysis & Design
-seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
-used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

Also to:

define a system

explain the different phases of system development life cycle

enumerate the components of system analysis

explain the components of system designing

SYSTEM ANALYSTS AND THEIR ROLES:
A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology. Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.
Typical employers of systems analysts

IT or software consultancy firms

Commercial and industrial organisations

The Civil Service

Retailers

Service industries

Financial institutions

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

PHASES OF SLDC?
engineering:
accounting:INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT:
organization member

EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT:
ADVANTAGES
Internal Consultants:

Integrated Understanding

Follow-Through / Implementation

Proactive Planning

External Consultants:

Established Reputation

External Objectivity

Expert Status

DISADVANTAGES
Internal Consultants:

Ambiguity

Rocking the BoaT

External Consultants:

Missing the Point

Passing the Buck / Implementation Risk

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110537
1)Introduction to system development process:

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

that include the internal  development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

2)The need for System analysis and design :
- to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise
- to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems

3)System analysts and their roles:

4) Phases of SDLC:

1. Planning

It identifies whether or not there is the need for a new system to achieve a business"s strategic objectives. This is a preliminary plan (or a feasibility study) for a company"s business initiative to acquire the resources to build on an infrastructure to modify or improve a service. The company might be trying to meet or exceed expectations for their employees, customers and stakeholders too. The purpose of this step is to find out the scope of the problem and determine solutions. Resources, costs, time, benefits and other items should be considered at this stage.

2. Systems Analysis and Requirements

The second phase is where businesses will work on the source of their problem or the need for a change. In the event of a problem, possible solutions are submitted and analyzed to identify the best fit for the ultimate goal(s) of the project. This is where teams consider the functional requirements of the project or solution. It is also where system analysis takes place—or analyzing the needs of the end users to ensure the new system can meet their expectations. Systems analysis is vital in determining what a business"s needs are, as well as how they can be met, who will be responsible for individual pieces of the project, and what sort of timeline should be expected.

There are several tools businesses can use that are specific to the second phase. They include:

CASE (Computer Aided Systems/Software Engineering)

Requirements gathering

Structured analysis

3. Systems Design

The third phase describes, in detail, the necessary specifications, features and operations that will satisfy the functional requirements of the proposed system which will be in place. This is the step for end users to discuss and determine their specific business information needs for the proposed system. It"s during this phase that they will consider the essential components (hardware and/or software) structure (networking capabilities), processing and procedures for the system to accomplish its objectives.

4. Development

The fourth phase is when the real work begins—in particular, when a programmer, network engineer and/or database developer are brought on to do the major work on the project. This work includes using a flow chart to ensure that the process of the system is properly organized. The development phase marks the end of the initial section of the process. Additionally, this phase signifies the start of production. The development stage is also characterized by instillation and change. Focusing on training can be a huge benefit during this phase.

5. Integration and Testing

The fifth phase involves systems integration and system testing (of programs and procedures)—normally carried out by a Quality Assurance (QA) professional—to determine if the proposed design meets the initial set of business goals. Testing may be repeated, specifically to check for errors, bugs and interoperability. This testing will be performed until the end user finds it acceptable. Another part of this phase is verification and validation, both of which will help ensure the program"s successful completion.

6. Implementation

The sixth phase is when the majority of the code for the program is written. Additionally, this phase involves the actual installation of the newly-developed system. This step puts the project into production by moving the data and components from the old system and placing them in the new system via a direct cutover. While this can be a risky (and complicated) move, the cutover typically happens during off-peak hours, thus minimizing the risk. Both system analysts and end-users should now see the realization of the project that has implemented changes.

7. Operations and Maintenance

The seventh and final phase involves maintenance and regular required updates. This step is when end users can fine-tune the system, if they wish, to boost performance, add new capabilities or meet additional user requirements.

5) Information system action committee and system group project:

- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) External consultant vs internal expert:
Similarity 1: The Dynamic Environment Consulting, in general, offers a variety of projects and interaction with a large range of clients in different industries and/or environments. No two days are the same. No two projects are the same either. Each day, we get to stretch our intellects and creativity. Those case questions in the interview process actually represent the kind of thinking required in our jobs. On the message boards comparing consulting to other industries, stimulation and challenge are the two characteristics that consultants consistently mention. ^ Similarity 2: Networking and Influence We also get to rub shoulders with some of the most brilliant minds in industry. There are very few careers where we get to meet and dialogue with as many CEOs, board members, and industry leaders. Sometimes we witness and learn the importance of ethics, the impact of poor prioritization, or the negative power of the bottom line (a.k.a. revenue, be it plus or minus). But among them all, we also find inspiration, leadership, influence, and for those of us who are lucky, mentors and other long-term relationships, even friendships. Most importantly, they listen to us and are genuinely interested in our opinions. As a first year consultant, this blew my mind! Me, a fresh graduate, offering insight to men and women decades my senior and with far more experience. In other jobs, learning is often a one-sided experience for consultants. But in consulting, the learning is most definitely symbiotic between consultant and client. Similarity 3: Broad Experiences Our clients range in size, structure, and strategy. We advise on issues both common and unique throughout our client rosters. By the end of our first year, many of our r?sum?s contain a wider range of projects and skills than those in other fields. Difference 1: Our Clients Regardless of whether we are internal consultants or external, the rewards are equal. However, the kinds of rewards vary, because of the environments where we consult. As external consultants, we engage startups and blue chips. Our clients do not resemble each other. As an internal consultant, we work within one company only. Though we interact with departments of different sizes, our client remains the same. Catering to numerous clients has its advantages and disadvantages, as does serving one client. When working with a diverse clientele, we get to know many industries as generalists, so it takes us longer to become experts. If we work within one industry, the time to specialization decreases, and we get a broad overview of the industry. We know different companies' best practice and how each grapples with their issues. Still, most of the diversity within any industry is vast enough that we still need more time to settle on one or two areas of expertise within the field. With one client, we get to know one industry very well and can become an industry or product expert much more quickly. However, we miss the chance to broaden our exposure to the numerous environments and people external consultants have. Difference 2: Project Completion Working as external consultants, we meet many employees at each client. However, we do not always remain onsite or work with the clients long enough to establish deep-rooted relationships. Nor do we always get to see a project through to completion or know if the clients implemented our suggestions. Internal consultants, on the other hand, work with the same people for longer periods, even if the projects are short-term in nature. So we also know the outcome of our projects and have greater opportunity to manage the projects' outcomes. External consultants often have to reach out to their clients to find out how that last project is faring, and many times, we are disappointed to learn the project was never implemented. Maybe funding fell through, or reorganization no longer makes the project necessary, or some other situation arises to obliterate all those hours and ideas we contributed. By this time, there is very little we might be able to do about the client's situation. This is not always true for internal consultants - often, clients seek us out when it looks like the project's value will diminish. Also, because internal consultants are already onsite and probably know the management that decided to bypass our recommendations, we can act almost immediately. http://www.vault.com/cb/careerlib/includes_content/print_article.jsp?arti... 1 of 2 3/9/2009 9:27 PM Difference 3: Additional Consulting Opportunities External consultants constantly bear the pressure to identify and close sales opportunities in order to climb the ranks. Unfairly, clients often view external consultants' genuine concern or interest in their firms as another sales pitch. In contrast, the company generally values an internal consultants' advice more, because we are not perceived as only seeking self-promotion at the client's disadvantage. So when an internal consultant recognizes a consulting opportunity, management generally receives our communication more willingly. Difference 4: Career Transitions On my first day at my first company, the human resources partner told us one in one hundred of us new employees would stick around to make partner. At the time, I thought I would surely be one of those on partnership track. I also did not understand why anyone would want to leave such a great company. But during my first year, I witnessed a great turnover rate, including partners. Few of us are lifetime consultants. Some of us return to school, but many external consultants join other industries. Our clients offer a great starting point. Sometimes, they recruit us, and sometimes, we solicit them. In contrast, internal consultants wishing to leave the company often struggle more, since a large portion of our network is concentrated under one roof. However, internal consultants who want to transfer out of consulting and into another department generally have an easier transition. Difference 5: Utilization Because consulting firms make money based on number of hours billed, external consultants face a lot of pressure only to bill. This translates into more on-the-job training and less formal training. Unfortunately, regardless of whether you are an internal or external consultant, your clients always expect a degree of expertise. Justifiably, they seek best practices from external consultants and deep knowledge from internal consultants - after all, external consultants cost a lot, and internal consultants are cost centers. Unfortunately, even when external consultants are "on the beach" or want to pursue free formal training, we are often denied and put on development projects instead, like research or proposal writing or presentation support. Internal consultants do not share the same pressures on how we use their time, and management is more likely to allow or send us on training. On the other hand, internal consultants face a higher client expectation to know their internal clients and the clients' issues. So training is not only easier to acquire, but management tends to view it as necessary for job performance.
http://questromworld.bu.edu/clubconsulting/files/2010/09/Internal-vs.-External-Consulting.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110101

1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program. It could include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

3) SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLES

The systems analyst assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are:

consultant -

supporting expert - In this role the analyst draws on professional expertise concerning computer hardware and software and their uses in the business.

agent of change - to advocate a particular avenue of change involving the use of information systems. They also teach users the process of change, because changes in the information system do not occur independently; rather, they cause changes in the rest of the organization as well.

4) PHASES OF SDLC

1. Planning
This is the first phase in the systems development process. It identifies whether or not there is the need for a new system to achieve a business"s strategic objectives. This is a preliminary plan (or a feasibility study) for a company"s business initiative to acquire the resources to build on an infrastructure to modify or improve a service. The company might be trying to meet or exceed expectations for their employees, customers and stakeholders too. The purpose of this step is to find out the scope of the problem and determine solutions. Resources, costs, time, benefits and other items should be considered at this stage.

2. Systems Analysis and Requirements
The second phase is where businesses will work on the source of their problem or the need for a change. In the event of a problem, possible solutions are submitted and analyzed to identify the best fit for the ultimate goal(s) of the project. This is where teams consider the functional requirements of the project or solution. It is also where system analysis takes place—or analyzing the needs of the end users to ensure the new system can meet their expectations. Systems analysis is vital in determining what a business"s needs are, as well as how they can be met, who will be responsible for individual pieces of the project, and what sort of timeline should be expected.

There are several tools businesses can use that are specific to the second phase. They include:

CASE (Computer Aided Systems/Software Engineering)

Requirements gathering

Structured analysis

3. Systems Design
The third phase describes, in detail, the necessary specifications, features and operations that will satisfy the functional requirements of the proposed system which will be in place. This is the step for end users to discuss and determine their specific business information needs for the proposed system. It"s during this phase that they will consider the essential components (hardware and/or software) structure (networking capabilities), processing and procedures for the system to accomplish its objectives.

4. Development
The fourth phase is when the real work begins—in particular, when a programmer, network engineer and/or database developer are brought on to do the major work on the project. This work includes using a flow chart to ensure that the process of the system is properly organized. The development phase marks the end of the initial section of the process. Additionally, this phase signifies the start of production. The development stage is also characterized by instillation and change. Focusing on training can be a huge benefit during this phase.

5. Integration and Testing
The fifth phase involves systems integration and system testing (of programs and procedures)—normally carried out by a Quality Assurance (QA) professional—to determine if the proposed design meets the initial set of business goals. Testing may be repeated, specifically to check for errors, bugs and interoperability. This testing will be performed until the end user finds it acceptable. Another part of this phase is verification and validation, both of which will help ensure the program"s successful completion.

6. Implementation
The sixth phase is when the majority of the code for the program is written. Additionally, this phase involves the actual installation of the newly-developed system. This step puts the project into production by moving the data and components from the old system and placing them in the new system via a direct cutover. While this can be a risky (and complicated) move, the cutover typically happens during off-peak hours, thus minimizing the risk. Both system analysts and end-users should now see the realization of the project that has implemented changes.

7. Operations and Maintenance
The seventh and final phase involves maintenance and regular required updates. This step is when end users can fine-tune the system, if they wish, to boost performance, add new capabilities or meet additional user requirements.

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE & SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT vs INTERNAL EXPERT

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110173

Introduction to system development process

- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software
- Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.
- The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS DESIGN

1. Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

2. Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLE

A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.

Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, designsystems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use thesystems

Key players :
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

Participation of Users: The strategic purpose of the analysis of the system is to seek the acceptance of the people to a new development.  System analysis process provides a sense of participation to the people.  This helps in breaking the resistance to the new development and it also ensure the commitment to the new system.

PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

1. Planning
2. Systems Analysis
3. Systems Design
4. Development
5. Testing
6. Implementation
7.Maintenance

Information system action committee and system group project

External consultant vs internal expert

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110603
1) Introduction to system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

2) The need of system analysis and design in organization
- Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.

-Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3) System analysts and their roles

System Analysts

-An individual in charge of designing, modifying, or analyzing various systems to ensure compatibility and user effectiveness.
-System analysts may work independently, but are often part of a larger information technology unit that keeps technical aspects of a company running smoothly.
System analysts do not focus on hard-coding, but more on evaluating the code and making suggestions.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/system-analyst.html

Key player
-Systems Analyst as Consultant
-Systems Analyst as Supporting Expert
-Systems Analyst as Agent of Change
- Accountant
-Engineer
-System Designer
-System Programmer

4) Phases of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

1. Planning

2. Systems Analysis

3. Systems Design

4. Development

5. Testing

6. Implementation

7. Maintenance

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx
5) Information system action committee and system group project

-group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) External consultant vs internal expert

Difference between external consultant and internal expert
http://questromworld.bu.edu/clubconsulting/files/2010/09/Internal-vs.-External-Consulting.pdf

Advantages and Disadvantages
Internal Consultants

Advantage #1: Integrated Understanding

Advantage #2: Follow-Through / Implementation

Advantage #3: Proactive Planning

Disadvantage #1: Ambiguity

Disadvantage #2: Rocking the Boat

External Consultants

Advantage #1: Established Reputation

Advantage #2: External Objectivity

Advantage #3: Expert Status

Disadvantage #1: Missing the Point

Disadvantage #2: Passing the Buck / Implementation Risk

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants
http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110280
-INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS-

-Development is produced by nine basic principles Business Modeling, Requirements, Design, Implementation, Test, Deployment, Configuration and Change Management, Project Management, and Environment.

- Process as system generic description, should adapt always according to circumstances defined for the project

-THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN-

- System analysts are responsible first of all that understood, modelled, and transferred necessary conditions for new system. Successful system analysts possess interpersonal and communicative abilities

-SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLES-

The systems analyst assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are:

consultant -

supporting expert - In this role the analyst draws on professional expertise concerning computer hardware and software and their uses in the business.

agent of change -

-  The major objectives of systems analysis are to find answers for each business process: What is being done, How is it being done, Who is doing it, When is he doing it, Why is it being done and How can it be improved? It is more of a thinking process and involves the creative skills of the System Analyst.

- System Analyst (key player)
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

- The role of an analyst is to help organizations understand the challenges before them to make this transition and to ensure that the needs and expectations of the client are represented correctly in the final solution

-Phases in Software development life cycle-

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) puts emphasis on decision making processes that affect system cost and usefulness.

These decisions must be based on full consideration of business processes, functional requirements, and economic and technical feasibility.

The primary objectives of any SDLC is to deliver quality system which meets or exceed customer expectations and within cost estimates, work effectively and efficiently within the current and planned infrastructure, and is an inexpensive to maintain.

SDLC establishes a logical order of events for conducting system development that is controlled, measured, documented, and ultimately improved. Any software is not all complete and there are enough rooms to add new features to existing software.

Following are the seven phases of the SDLC: Planning (1), Systems Analysis (2), Systems Design (3), Development (4), Testing (5), Implementation (6) and Maintenance (7)

-Information action committee & system group project-

- Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110159
1. Introduction to system development process
A functioning organisation relies on its information system, whether that system be entirely pen-and-paper based, or whether it includes a computer-based information system (or systems)

2. The need for system analysis & design
Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

http://www.slideshare.net/twenepeter/introduction-to-system-analysis-and-design

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3. System analysts and their roles
A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology. Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

http://www.slideshare.net/infinityrulz/roles-responsibilities-of-system-analyst

4. Phases in Software development life cycle:

1. Planning
2. Systems Analysis
3. Systems Design
4. Development
5. Testing
6. Implementation
7.Maintenance

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

6. External consultant Vs. Internal Expert

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14160925

1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS.
-Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program. It could include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN
-Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
(http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/)

3) SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLES

KEY PLAYER:
I)    USER  (COMPLAIN, NEED TO CHANGE)
II)  SYSTEM DESIGNER
III) SYSTEM PROGRAMMER
IV) ACCOUNTANT
V)  ENGINEER

ROLES:
I) Consultant
II) Supporting Expert
III)Agent of Change

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

http://www.slideshare.net/infinityrulz/roles-responsibilities-of-system-analyst

4) PHASES OF SDLC

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

- Group of system analyst
-Information system which serve the needs of safety program and support mission.

6) External consultant vs internal expert

-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/28af/c88b56b3eacf85282c9e1198b716199070d5.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110308

1. Introduction to system development process

Definition:
Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
https://www.fca.gov/Download/ITManual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

Process: http://northcampus.uok.edu.in/downloads/20161127213336188.pdf

2. The need for system analysis & design

Seek to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.

used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784 (slide 6)

3. System analysts & their roles

Key players :
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer
*understand their roles

Definition / Function:
- A systems analyst is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.

- A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology. Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

- The systems analyst assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

Roles :

The primary role : consultant, supporting expert & agent of change
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

Identify, understand and plan for organisational and human impacts of planned systems, and ensure that new technical requirements are properly integrated with existing processes and skill sets.

Plan a system flow from the ground up.

Interact with internal users and customers to learn and document requirements that are then used to produce business requirements documents.

Write technical requirements from a critical phase.

Interact with software architect to understand software limitations.

Help programmers during system development, e.g. provide use cases, flowcharts, UML and BPMN diagrams.

Document requirements or contribute to user manuals.

Whenever a development process is conducted, the system analyst is responsible for designing components and providing that information to the developer.

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784 (slide 7)

4. Phases of SDLC
Planning (1), Systems Analysis (2), Systems Design (3), Development (4), Testing (5), Implementation (6) and Maintenance (7)
https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx
*understand the roles of accountant in each phase
http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784 (slide 21-27

5. Information system action committee and system group project
- Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6.  External consultant vs internal expert

- External Consultant
An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
Advantages:
- independent players
- clients have more confidence in external consultants than internal consultants.
- vast experience with various clients

- Internal Consultant
An internal consultant is, at first glance, just like an external consultant: a professional that is hired to solve an organisational problem and implement the solutions in order to improve the performance of an organisation.
Advantages:
- usually cheaper than external adviser
- better understanding of the organisation they advise
- more often involved with the realisation of their own advises
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110612

1. Introduction to system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2. the need for system analysis and Design

-(seek to understand what humans need to analyzed data input or data flow systematically)

-Systems are created to solve problems. One can think of the sys- tems approach as an organized way of dealing with a problem. In this dynamic world, the subject
-System Analysis and Design (SAD), mainly deals with the software development activities.
-System Analysis the person who responsible for the development of software and hardware solutions to efficient working of an organization
-  The logical system design ( How will the system work? ) arrived at as a result of systems analysis is converted into physical system design. Normally, the design proceeds in two stages: l Preliminary or General Design l Structured or Detailed Design.

3.system analysts and their roles

-System Analysis the person who responsible for the development of software and hardware solutions to efficient working of an organization

- Usually system analyst refers to a business analyst who works on various projects with one piece of software.

-  The major objectives of systems analysis are to find answers for each business process: What is being done, How is it being done, Who is doing it, When is he doing it, Why is it being done and How can it be improved? It is more of a thinking process and involves the creative skills of the System Analyst.
- System Analyst (key player)
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

- The role of an analyst is to help organizations understand the challenges before them to make this transition and to ensure that the needs and expectations of the client are represented correctly in the final solution

4. 7 Phases of SDLC
(1)Planning ,
(2)Systems Analysis ,
(3)Systems Design ,
(4)Development ,
(5),Testing
(6)Implementation
(7)Maintenance

(https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5. information system action committee and system group project

Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

6. External consultant vs internal expert

-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference

-Our working definition is that an internal consultant (IC) is any individual/group which serves internal clients in an advisory capacity, including: Bringing a specialized management consulting expertise to improve the performance of the company/organization. (professor dlm kampus)

http://content.wisestep.com/internal-vs-external-consultants-advantages-disadvantages/

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110653
1) Introduction to system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2) THE NEED FOR THE SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

To understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise

3) SYSTEM ANALYST AND THEIR ROLES

A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology. Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

ROLES : http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

Key player of System Analyst

1. User

2. Designer

3. System Programmer

4. Accountant

5. Engineer

4) Phases of SDLC.

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) puts emphasis on decision making processes that affect system cost and usefulness.

These decisions must be based on full consideration of business processes, functional requirements, and economic and technical feasibility.

The primary objectives of any SDLC is to deliver quality system which meets or exceed customer expectations and within cost estimates, work effectively and efficiently within the current and planned infrastructure, and is an inexpensive to maintain.

SDLC establishes a logical order of events for conducting system development that is controlled, measured, documented, and ultimately improved. Any software is not all complete and there are enough rooms to add new features to existing software.

Following are the seven phases of the SDLC: Planning (1), Systems Analysis (2), Systems Design (3), Development (4), Testing (5), Implementation (6) and Maintenance (7)

Read More : https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx 5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

Group of system analyst

Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.

ref:
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110577

1) Introduction to the system development process

SDLC is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application.

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used insystems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both

2) The need for system analysis and design

To understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise

By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems. Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems

System Objective:  It is necessary to define the system objective(s).  Many a times, it is observed that the systems are historically in operation and have lost their main purpose of achievement of the objectives.  The users of the system and the personnel involved are not in a position to define the objective(s). Since you are going to develop a computer based system, it is necessary to redefine or reset the objective(s) as a reference point in the context of the current business requirement.

System Importance: It is necessary to understand the importance of the system in the organization.  This would throw more light on its utility and would help the designer to decide the design features of the system.  It would be possible then to position the system in relation to the other systems for deciding the design strategy and development.

Role of the System as an Interface: The system, many a times, acts as an interface to the other systems.  Hence through such an interface, it activates or promotes some changes in the other systems.  It is necessary to understand the existing role of the system, as an interface, to safeguard the interests of the other systems.  Any modifications or changes made should not affect the functioning or the objective of the other systems.

3) System analyst and roles

A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.

Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, designsystems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use thesystems

Key players :
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

Participation of Users: The strategic purpose of the analysis of the system is to seek the acceptance of the people to a new development.  System analysis process provides a sense of participation to the people.  This helps in breaking the resistance to the new development and it also ensure the commitment to the new system.

4) Phases in Software development life cycle:

1. Planning
2. Systems Analysis
3. Systems Design
4. Development
5. Testing
6. Implementation
7.Maintenance

5) Information system action committee and system group project

6) External consultant vs internal expert

# data[].attributes.body
Introduction to system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

Need for Systems Analysis and Design

Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems. Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

Roles of the Systems Analyst

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes. Many improvements involve better support of users’ work tasks and business functions through the use of computerized information systems. This definition emphasizes a systematic, methodical approach to analyzing—and potentially improving—what is occurring in the specific context experienced by users and created by a business.

Our definition of a systems analyst is necessarily broad. The analyst must be able to work with people of all descriptions and be experienced in working with computers. The analyst plays many roles, sometimes balancing several at the same time. The three primary roles of the systems analyst are:
- consultant,
- supporting expert, and
- agent of change

Phases of SDLC

INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission
Information action committee & system group project-

- Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

External consultant vs Internal Expert
Internal Consultants

Advantage #1: Integrated Understanding

The main advantage most industry leaders cite when advocating for an internal consultant is that the internal consultant has an integrated understanding of the company, its policies, politics, and culture. While external consultants come in with limited insight into corporate culture, an internal consultant can navigate swiftly across an organization. In other words, internal advice comes from a background of seeing problems occur within the company on a regular basis.

Advantage #2: Follow-Through / Implementation

Internal consultants also have the opportunity to work from recommendation through the implementation of their projects. External consultants usually stay on a project until they present their conclusions. However, internal consultants can observe and support the implementation of their suggestions, help navigate the change, and make tweaks along the way. This allows for more possibilities of long-term success within the organization.

Advantage #3: Proactive Planning

A great testimony to a well-run internal consulting team occurred when Delta and Northwest Airlines merged in 2008. American Express already had a co-brand relationship with the Delta when the announcement was made. Instead of floundering, American Express’s VP of the Delta co-brand—and former internal consultant—David Rabkin already had a game-plan formulated on how to approach the change. No, he didn’t have any contacts who had hinted about the merger. Two years before the merger, Rabkin and the internal consulting team had simply constructed a blueprint in the event that Delta merged with another airline. In other words, a successful internal consulting team was able to proactively create a plan before the problem occurred, instead of scrambling after the problem happened.

Disadvantage #1: Ambiguity

Obviously, internal consulting has its grab bag of disadvantages as well. Most internal consultants find one of their biggest dilemmas in the lack of a defined role. Whether due to lack of specification in the contract or in the job description, a nebulous understanding of the role can cause a lot of frustration for any internal consultant. Hand in hand with this dilemma is an unclear perspective of the “client.” In other words, many internal clients don’t know to whom to report their findings and to make their suggestions. Some simply just cite “the organization” as their client, instead of naming any individual or company segment.

Disadvantage #2: Rocking the Boat

Lastly, the double-edged sword of understanding company culture comes into play. While internal consultants boast the ability to navigate the waters of company politics, they are more likely than external consultants to be caught in the middle a storm. Consultants whether internal or external have to be sure they are making their decisions as objectively as possible. However, objectivity can come at the cost of political strife within the workplace, which internal consultants have to navigate. In many instances, internal consultants choose the “next best” solution due to intimidation of office politics and emotional ties.

External Consultants

Advantage #1: Established Reputation

For decades, large consulting firms such as McKinsey, Bain, and Boston Consulting Group have maintained their reputation for having the best strategy consulting practices. However, along with the expertise comes a hefty price tag that many client companies are not so willing to cough up. Yet their reputation precedes them for good reason, after working with multiple large, influential corporations. Despite the cost, external consultants have advantages which internal consultants can’t necessarily replicate due to their long-term reputation for good work and for hiring the best MBA graduates from the best schools.

Advantage #2: External Objectivity

Coming from an outside perspective allows consultants to have a more objective, bird’s eye view of the company and the industry as a whole. Instead of becoming too engrossed within a specific company, external consultants should be on top of the industry as a whole. Not only do they have a broad perspective, but an experienced consultant will have had multiple experiences working with other companies in the same industry and that faced similar challenges. Therefore, they can apply experience from the past into their current projects and engagements.

Advantage #3: Expert Status

Another advantage of not being as integrated into the work project environment is the ability to be regarded as an expert and not a peer. Due to the lack of concrete understanding of the role, internal consultants can be viewed just another pair of hands to make changes within the organization. Instead, external consultants are hired for the sole purpose of their expertise and ability to create change for a specific business problem. This brings more clarity and focus to the role, and helps concentrate efforts on the project at hand, and often, helps ensure client buy-in.

Disadvantage #1: Missing the Point

While internal consultants battle company politics from inside the company, employees often regard external consultants with suspicion. This reputation, unfortunately, is often deserved. Many consultants come into an organization without an understanding of the company or a willingness to hear opinions. Instead, they often try to implement one-size-fits-all strategies either taught to them by their consulting firms or from past consulting experiences. While knowledge from other consultants can often be helpful, it does not necessarily apply in all similar situations.

Disadvantage #2: Passing the Buck / Implementation Risk

External consultants also face the bad rap of coming in, presenting solutions, and leaving. This conduct leaves many firms without a solid game plan, and causes them to flounder in the implementation process. External consultants don’t tend to stay aboard after proposing their various strategies, and most clients don’t want to pay them afterward either. Unfortunately, this leaves clients spending far too much money for too little change.

# data[].attributes.body
Introduction to system development process :

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

The need for system analysis & design:

- seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

-seek to identify and solve the right problems. Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

-Systems analysis and design involves working with current and eventual users of information systems to support them in working with technologies in an organizational setting.

System analyst & their roles:

1) The systems analysts are the liaisons between vendors and the IT professionals of the organization they represent. They may be responsible for developing cost analysis, design considerations, and implementation time-lines. They may also be responsible for feasibility studies of a computer system before making recommendations to senior management.

Interact with the customers to know their requirements

Interact with designers to convey the possible interface of the software

Interact/guide the coders/developers to keep track of system development

Perform system testing with sample/live data with the help of testers

Implement the new system

Prepare High quality Documentation

2)

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

Phase of SDLC:

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.a

Information system action committee and system group project:

group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

External consultant vs internal expert:

http://www.9lenses.com/internal-versus-external-consulting/
-An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110460

1. Introduction to the system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2. The need for system analysis & design

Seek to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.

used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3. System analysts

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

roles
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

4.Phases of SDLC

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5. Information system action committee and system group project

group of system analyst

information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6. External consultant vs internal expert
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
1) Introduction to system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2) The need for system analysis and design.

https://zolotarev.fd.cvut.cz/ma/ctrl.php?act=show,file,9725

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3) System analyst and their roles.

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

http://www.slideshare.net/infinityrulz/roles-responsibilities-of-system-analyst

4) Phase of SDLC
- The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application.

http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/definition/systems-development-life-cycle

https://airbrake.io/blog/sdlc/what-is-system-development-life-cycle
5) information system action committee and system group project.
- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) External consultant vs internal expert.

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110427

Introduction to system development process:

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new softwareapplication or program .

include theinternal developmentof customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

The need for system analysis and design:

Seek to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

System analysts and their roles:

http://www.slideshare.net/infinityrulz/roles-responsibilities-of-system-analyst

Phases of SDLC:

1. Planning

2. Systems Analysis

3. Systems Design

4. Development

5. Testing

6. Implementation

7. Maintenance

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx
Information system action committe and system group project:

Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

External consultant vs Internal expert:

http://managementhelp.org/misc/int-ext-consultants.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110402

1. INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2. THE NEEDS FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS DESIGN

i. Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

ii. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems. Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
3. SYSTEM ANALYSTS AND THEIR ROLES

- The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.
- Many improvements involve better support of users’ work tasks and business functions through the use of computerized information systems. This definition emphasizes a systematic, methodical approach to analyzing—and potentially improving—what is occurring in the specific context experienced by users and created by a business.

Primary Roles
- Consultant
- Supporting expert
- Agent of change

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4. PHASES OF SLDC

phases of the SDLC:
- Planning
- Systems Analysis
- Systems Design
- Development
- Testing
- Implementation
- Maintenance
INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND  SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission

EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT

internal consultant is, at first glance, just like an external consultant: a professional that is hired to solve an organisational problem and implement the solutions in order to improve the performance of an organisation. Both types of consultants can work within all possible management and organisational areas – from strategic planning to mergers and acquisitions, finance, organisation efficiency, process improvement and technology.

external consultants, their sometimes competing internal colleagues can also function as advisors, change agents, execution facilitators, coaches or trainers. The difference lies in the relationship with the client organisation; internal consultants are on the payroll or limit themselves to full-time advisory within one organisation.

# data[].attributes.body
Introduction to system development process:
Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
It includes the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

https://www.fca.gov/download/itmanual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

Need for system analysis & design
seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

System Analyst and their Roles
A systems analyst is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.
A person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.

Systems Analyst as
-Consultant
-Supporting Expert
-Agent of Change
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

Key players :
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer
*understand their roles

Phases of SDLC
Information system action committee and system group project

group of system analyst

information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

External consultant vs internal expert
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110459

1- SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

-Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program, include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.
- The organization’s management must define and implement standards and adopt an appropriate system development life cycle methodology governing the process of developing, acquiring, implementing, and maintaining computerized information systems and related technology.

2 - THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN
-Systems are created to solve problems. One can think of the sys- tems approach as an organized way of dealing with a problem. In this dynamic world, the subjectSystem Analysis and Design (SAD), mainly deals with the software development activities.
-seeks to understand what humans need
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3 - SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLES

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

4 -PHASES OF SDLC

Planning:

This phase is most important. Describes desired features and operations in detail, including screen layouts, process diagrams, business rules, and other documentation. By outlining in advance the project and the phases in the life cycle, the project takes shape in this phase. The company may bring in a systems analyst to do this; in some cases the company already has one (CIO) on the payroll. As this phase develops, the outline of a proposed system and feasibility analysis are put into action.

System Analysis:

This is the process in which the analyst finds the problem in the company and submits a solution and puts the project goals into defined functions and operation of the intended application. Tools that are used in this phase include requirements gathering, structured analysis, and (CASE) A computer-aided systems (software) engineering.  Planning may have to be considered and possible changes in feasibility may affect the budget or schedule.

Systems Design:

In this phase, the team submits in detail the specific functions and parts it will contain and what it will take to build it, and describes desired features including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, and other documentation. The two main areas of system designs, logical system design, which shows (such as blue prints) of system   and a physical systems design, which shows in detail the cost and materials of system. Scope creep (job as specified) and feature creep (an open ticket in case the owner wants to add something) are also used.

Development:

This phase is where the company hires a programmer, data base developer and a network engineer; a programmer may use a flow chart for the process of system. This is final stage of the initial development, and the system is put into production. The occurrence of change is taking place. Instillation is a part of this phase. Training would benefit the company during the development phase.

Testing:

Once the system is built testing of the system must take place to ensure workability and Brings all the pieces together into a special testing environment, then checks for errors, bugs and interoperability.  Any problem that exists will be found and addressed. In this phase, verification and validation are used.

Implementation:

The real code is written here. Now the system is ready for an actual working environment (training is most important in this phase). Instillation of systems components and old data is moved to new system, a direct cutover is used in this process, but it could be risky and difficult. This direct cutover usually takes place during off-peak hours. A parallel conversion can also be used.  Pilot testing is also one type of conversion, and a staged conversion.

Maintenance:

In this phase changes, correction, additions, and moves are made. This, the least and perhaps most important step of all, may go on forever.

5 - INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6 - EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/28af/c88b56b3eacf85282c9e1198b716199070d5.pdf

http://questromworld.bu.edu/clubconsulting/files/2010/09/Internal-vs.-External-Consulting.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110714

*Introduction to system development process
Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program. It could include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

*The need  for system analysis and design
http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

*System analysts  and their roles
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

*Information system action committee and system group project

*External consultant vs internal expert
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

*Phases of SDLC

# data[].attributes.body
BB14160874

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110203
1)Introduction to system developmemt process
- process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

2) the need for system analysis & design
- used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
-  seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

3) system analysts & their roles
- an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems.
- systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology
-The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

4) Phases of SDLC
5) Information system action committee and system group project
- group system analyst
6) External consultant vs Internal consultant

# data[].attributes.body
1) Introduction of system development process
-  System development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program. It could include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software. Written standards and procedures must guide all information systems processing functions. The organization’s management must define and implement standards and adopt an appropriate system development life cycle methodology governing the process of developing, acquiring, implementing, and maintaining computerized information systems and related technology.
https://www.fca.gov/Download/ITManual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

2) The needs for system analysis and design in organization
- Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3) System analysts & their roles

The systems analyst is a key member of any systems development project, and the previous sections of this chapter have already given you several examples of how the systems analyst interacts with other players in the project. In a broader sense, the systems analyst plays several roles:
*Archaeologist and scribe — As a systems analyst, one of your main jobs is to uncover detail and to document business policy that may exist only as “tribal folklore,” passed down from generation to generation of users.
* Innovator — The systems analyst must separate the symptoms of the user’s problem from the true causes. With his or her knowledge of computer technology, the analyst must help the user explore useful, new applications of computers — and new ways for the user to conduct business. While many early computer systems merely perpetuated the user’s existing business at electronic speed, systems analysts are being challenged today to help the user find radically new, innovative products and markets made possible with the computer. Edward De Bono’s Lateral Thinking (De Bono, 1970) is worth reading for interesting new ways of thinking about problems.
* Mediator — As mentioned earlier in this chapter, it is the systems analyst who often finds himself in the middle of users, managers, programmers, auditors, and various other players — all of whom frequently disagree with one another. There is a temptation for the systems analyst to try to impose his or her own view of what the system should look like or what functions it should contain. But the analyst’s primary job is to achieve a consensus; that requires the delicate art of diplomacy and negotiation!
* Project leader — This is not a universal role, but it happens often enough to mention it here. Since the systems analyst is usually more experienced than the programmers on the project, and since he is assigned to the project before the programmers begin working, there is a natural tendency to assign project management responsibilities to the analyst.

KEY PLAYERS

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

http://jjakiela.prz.edu.pl/Players.pdf

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/systems-analyst

4) Phase of SDLC

1. Planning

2. Systems Analysis

3. Systems Design

4. Development

5. Testing

6. Implementation

7. Operation & Maintenance

https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5) Information action committee & system group project

- Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) External Consultant vs Internal Expert
- External Consultant
An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

External consultants can be (in some cases better) used when deeply specialist knowledge is needed for a large-scale project, or when a neutral, independent view is needed on a problem.
Advantages:
- independent players
- clients have more confidence in external consultants than internal consultants.
- vast experience with various clients

- Internal Consultant
An internal consultant is, at first glance, just like an external consultant: a professional that is hired to solve an organisational problem and implement the solutions in order to improve the performance of an organisation.
Advantages:
- usually cheaper than external adviser
- better understanding of the organisation they advise
- more often involved with the realisation of their own advises
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

http://questromworld.bu.edu/clubconsulting/files/2010/09/Internal-vs.-External-Consulting.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
1. INTRODUCTION TO DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
-The systems development life cycle (SDLC), also referred to as the application development life-cycle, is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

2. THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
-By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems. Furthermore, systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3. SYSTEM ANALYSTS AND THEIR ROLES
- A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology. Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

4. PHASES OF SLDC

4. INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
-- Group of system analyst

1. Users

2. Management

3. Auditors, quality assurance people, and “standards bearers”

4. Systems analysts

5. Systems designers

6. Programmers

7. Web designers

8. Operations personnel

- Information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

5. EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL CONSULTANT EXPERT

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110604

INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

It could include the internal  development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.

THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN

Systems analysis and design, as performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.

Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems

Systems analysis and design lends structure to the analysis and design of information systems, a costly endeavor that might otherwise have been done in a haphazard way. It can be thought of as a series of processes systematically undertaken to improve a business through the use of computerized information systems. Systems analysis and design involves working with current and eventual users of information systems to support them in working with technologies in an organizational setting.

Systems analysts, whose roles in the organization are discussed next, are the other essential component in developing useful information systems. Users are moving to the forefront as software development teams become more international in their composition. This means that there is more emphasis on working with software users; on performing analysis of their business, problems, and objectives; and on communicating the analysis and design of the planned system to all involved.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLES

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes. Many improvements involve better support of users’ work tasks and business functions through the use of computerized information systems. This definition emphasizes a systematic, methodical approach to analyzing—and potentially improving—what is occurring in the specific context experienced by users and created by a business.

Key Player:

(i) User

(ii) System Designer

(iii) System Programmer

(iv) Accountant

(v) Engineer

Roles: Systems Analyst as Consultant
, Systems Analyst as Supporting Expert, Systems Analyst as Agent of Change

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

http://www.slideshare.net/infinityrulz/roles-responsibilities-of-system-analyst

PHASES OF SDLC

The System Development Life Cycle, "SDLC" for short, is a multistep, iterative process, structured in a methodical way. This process is used to model or provide a framework for technical and non-technical activities to deliver a quality system which meets or exceeds a business"s expectations or manage decision-making progression.

7 Phases:

(i) Planning
(ii) Systems Analysis and Requirements
(iii) Systems Design
(iv) Development
(v) Integration and Testing
(vi) Implementation
(vii) Operations and Maintenance
https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx
INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

Key Player:

(i) Group of system analysis
(i) Information system which serve the needs of  safety program and support mission

Information System Action Committee: Within organization

System Group Project: Design and implement new project

EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT

An external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.

http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110511

1. Introduction to system development process

- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software
- Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.
- The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

2. The need for system analysis &design
- Installing a system without proper planning lead to great user dissatisfaction and frequently causes the system to fall into disuse
-  Lends structure to analysis and design of information system
- A series of processes systematically undertaken to improve a business through the use of computerized information system

3. System Analysts & their roles

- A systems analyst is an information technology (IT) professional who specializes in analyzing, designing and implementing information systems. Systems analysts assess the suitability of information systems in terms of their intended outcomes and liaise with end users, software vendors and programmers in order to achieve these outcomes.
- A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.
-  Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

- A systems analyst may:

Identify, understand and plan for organisational and human impacts of planned systems, and ensure that new technical requirements are properly integrated with existing processes and skill sets.

Plan a system flow from the ground up.

Interact with internal users and customers to learn and document requirements that are then used to produce business requirements documents.

Write technical requirements from a critical phase.

Interact with software architect to understand software limitations.

Help programmers during system development, e.g. provide use cases, flowcharts, UML and BPMN diagrams.

Document requirements or contribute to user manuals.

Whenever a development process is conducted, the system analyst is responsible for designing components and providing that information to the developer.

System Analyst
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4. Phases of SLDC

Planning

-  It identifies whether or not there is the need for a new system to achieve a business"s strategic objectives. This is a preliminary plan (or a feasibility study) for a company"s business initiative to acquire the resources to build on an infrastructure to modify or improve a service
- The purpose of this step is to find out the scope of the problem and determine solutions. Resources, costs, time, benefits and other items should be considered at this stage.

Systems Analysis and Requirements

- Where businesses will work on the source of their problem or the need for a change. In the event of a problem, possible solutions are submitted and analyzed to identify the best fit for the ultimate goal(s) of the project.
- It is also where system analysis takes place—or analyzing the needs of the end users to ensure the new system can meet their expectations

Systems Design

-This phase describes, in detail, the necessary specifications, features and operations that will satisfy the functional requirements of the proposed system which will be in place. This is the step for end users to discuss and determine their specific business information needs for the proposed system.

Development

- The development phase marks the end of the initial section of the process. Additionally, this phase signifies the start of production. The development stage is also characterized by instillation and change. Focusing on training can be a huge benefit during this phase.

Integration and Testing

- Carried out by a Quality Assurance (QA) professional—to determine if the proposed design meets the initial set of business goals. Testing may be repeated, specifically to check for errors, bugs and interoperability.
- The testing will be performed until the end user finds it acceptable. Another part of this phase is verification and validation, both of which will help ensure the program"s successful completion.

Implementation

- this phase involves the actual installation of the newly-developed system. This step puts the project into production by moving the data and components from the old system and placing them in the new system via a direct cutover. While this can be a risky (and complicated) move, the cutover typically happens during off-peak hours, thus minimizing the risk. Both system analysts and end-users should now see the realization of the project that has implemented changes.

Operations and Maintenance

-  involves maintenance and regular required updates. This step is when end users can fine-tune the system, if they wish, to boost performance, add new capabilities or meet additional user requirements.

5. Information system action committee and system group project

6. External consultant vs Internal expert

Internal consultant

- Advantage #1: Integrated Understanding
- Advantage #2: Follow-Through / Implementation
- Advantage #3: Proactive Planning

- Disadvantage #1: Ambiguity
- Disadvantage #2: Rocking the Boat

External Consultants

- Advantage #1: Established Reputation
- Advantage #2: External Objectivity
- Advantage #3: Expert Status

- Disadvantage #1: Missing the Point
- Disadvantage #2: Passing the Buck / Implementation Risk

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110634

1) Introduction to the system development process
-process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
-  include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.
- The organization’s management must define and implement standards and adopt an appropriate system development life cycle methodology governing the process of developing, acquiring, implementing, and maintaining computerized information systems and related technology.

2) The need for system analysis design

Seek to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise. By doing thorough analysis, analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

3) System analyst and their roles
The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.
The role:
i) Systems Analyst as Consultant
- acts as a systems consultant to humans and their businesses and, thus, may be hired specifically to address information systems issues within a business
ii) Systems Analyst as Supporting Expert
- draws on professional expertise concerning computer hardware and software and their uses in the business
iii) Systems Analyst as Agent of Change
- perform any of the activities in the systems development life cycle (discussed in the next section) and are present and interacting with users and the business for an extended period (from two weeks to more than a year)

Key Player of system analyst:
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4) Phases of SDLC:

5) Information system action committee and system group project

6) External consultant vs internal expert
http://www.consultancy.uk/consulting-industry/external-vs-internal-consultants

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110730

1) INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
https://www.fca.gov/Download/ITManual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

2) THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

seeks to understand what humans needto analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

to develop a model of the existing system and in so doing highlight its short-comings.

teaches the analyst about the organisation being worked with.

http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/,
https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/SE/Feb2005/Printable_Material/BIS4111.2.pdf

3) SYSTEM ANALYSTS AND THEIR ROLES
System Analysts :
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

4)PHASE OF SDLC
System Development Life Cycle:
-  Establish written standards and procedures for systems development and maintenance for the systems to be developed, acquired, implemented, and maintained. Review SDLC methodology to ensure that its provisions reflect current generally accepted techniques and procedures.

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

- Establish a National Early Warning Committee for Invasive Plants, affiliated with the Federal Interagency Committee for the Management of Noxious and Exotic Weeds (FICMNEW), with standing and supplemental members, to facilitate an interagency response to new regional and national plant records in the United States.
http://www.lse.ac.uk/management/research/identityproject/

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT

- a professional that is hired to solve an organisational problem and implement the solutions in order to improve the performance of an organisation
-

# data[].attributes.body
BB14110111

1. Introduction to system development process.
- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
-  It include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software.
*https://l.messenger.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.uct.ac.za%2Fmit_notes%2FSE%2FFeb2005%2FPrintable_Material%2FBIS4111.2.pdf&h=ATN2DAQHDUcTduSukTWRVeM1vaoeykNZwfv-fdpwd99URgBeqqAXbNakhejYnkJ0dbuo_l-rhgEqSfv4CCL38V5v9ar9FffMDXSORW8UH9ENe_TnfzZ7it5PrH9H1_xLjsjuC6w
*https://www.fca.gov/download/itmanual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

2. The need for system analysis and design.
- Systems analysis and design performed by systems analysts, seeks to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.
-  Systems analysis and design is used to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.
*http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3. System analysts and their roles.
- The role of the systems analyst is to identifying business needs and imagining a new or redesigned computer-based system to fulfill those needs. The person involve  will work with a person, team, or department with business requirements and identify the specific details of a system that needs to be built. It require the analyst to have a good understanding of the business itself , the business processes involved, and the ability to document them well.
- The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.
- Three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.
*https://l.messenger.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3computing.com%2Fsystemsanalysis%2Froles-systems-analyst%2F&h=ATN2DAQHDUcTduSukTWRVeM1vaoeykNZwfv-fdpwd99URgBeqqAXbNakhejYnkJ0dbuo_l-rhgEqSfv4CCL38V5v9ar9FffMDXSORW8UH9ENe_TnfzZ7it5PrH9H1_xLjsjuC6w

4. Phases of SDLC
*https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.slideplayer.com%2F15%2F4798903%2Fslides%2Fslide_9.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fslideplayer.com%2Fslide%2F4798903%2F&docid=TEmbAU2N4lN5lM&tbnid=L-eBBCMMWEHUrM%3A&vet=1&w=864&h=624&bih=745&biw=1600&q=phases%20of%20sdlc&ved=0ahUKEwi7hIzR06DSAhXILo8KHZRfDkAQMwhAKBowGg&iact=mrc&uact=8#h=624&imgrc=L-eBBCMMWEHUrM:&vet=1&w=864

5. Information system action committee and system group project.
-

6. External consultant versus internal expert.

# data[].attributes.body
1. INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

-  Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program. https://www.fca.gov/Download/ITManual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

2. THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.

- System analysis and design deal with planning the development of information systems through understanding and specifying in detail what a system should do and how the components of the system should be implemented and work together
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

3. SYSTEM ANALYSTS & THEIR ROLE.

SYSTEM ANALYST :
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

A systems analyst may:

Identify, understand and plan for organisational and human impacts of planned systems, and ensure that new technical requirements are properly integrated with existing processes and skill sets.

Plan a system flow from the ground up.

Interact with internal users and customers to learn and document requirements that are then used to produce business requirements documents.

Write technical requirements from a critical phase.

Interact with software architect to understand software limitations.

Help programmers during system development, e.g. provide use cases, flowcharts, UML and BPMN diagrams.

Document requirements or contribute to user manuals.

Whenever a development process is conducted, the system analyst is responsible for designing components and providing that information to the developer.

4. PHASES OF SDLC
https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

5. INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT

6. External consultant VS Internal expert

http://managementhelp.org/misc/int-ext-consultants.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
(BB14110682)
1) Introduction to system development process
- Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.
- It could include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software
https://www.fca.gov/Download/ITManual/itsystemsdevelopment.pdf

2)THE NEED FOR SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
-Systems are created to solve problems. One can think of the sys- tems approach as an organized way of dealing with a problem. In this dynamic world, the subject System Analysis and Design (SAD), mainly deals with the software development activities.
-Seeks to understand what humans need
+http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/need-systems-analysis-design/

+http://www.slideshare.net/aamir_libr/system-analysis-and-design-14843784

3)SYSTEM ANALYSTS AND THEIR ROLES
-A systems analyst is a person who uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology.
- Systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems.

ROLE
-User
-system designer
-System Programmer
-Accountant
-Designer
+http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

+http://www.slideshare.net/infinityrulz/roles-responsibilities-of-system-analyst

4) PHASES OF SDLC

1. Planning

2. Systems Analysis and Requirements

3. System Design

4. Development

5. Integration and Testing

6. Implementation

7. Operations and Maintenance

+https://www.innovativearchitects.com/KnowledgeCenter/basic-IT-systems/system-development-life-cycle.aspx

+https://prezi.com/tcgsjht_7hhz/7-stages-of-systems-development-life-cycle/

5) INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTION COMMITTEE AND SYSTEM GROUP PROJECT
- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.

6) EXTERNAL CONSULTANT VS INTERNAL EXPERT
-

+https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/28af/c88b56b3eacf85282c9e1198b716199070d5.pdf

+http://questromworld.bu.edu/clubconsulting/files/2010/09/Internal-vs.-External-Consulting.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
Introduction to system development process

Systems development is the process of defining, designing, testing, and implementing a new software application or program.

include the internal development of customized systems, the creation of database systems, or the acquisition of third party developed software

Is a term used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system.

The systems development life-cycle concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a system can be composed of hardware only, software only, or a combination of both.

The Need for System Analysis & Design

to understand what humans need to analyze data input or data flow systematically, process or transform data, store data, and output information in the context of a particular organization or enterprise.

analysts seek to identify and solve the right problems.

to analyze, design, and implement improvements in the support of users and the functioning of businesses that can be accomplished through the use of computerized information systems.

Systems Analyst and Their Roles

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational processes.

The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change.

System Analyst (Key Player)
i) User (complain, needs to change)
ii) System Designer
iii) System Programmer
iv) Accountant
v) Engineer

Phases of SDLC
1. Planning
2. Systems Analysis and Requirements

3. Systems Design

4. Development

5. Integration and Testing

6. Implementation

7. Operations and Maintenance

Information System Action Committee and System Group Project
- group of system analyst
- information system which serves the needs of safety program and supports mission.
External Consultant vs Internal Expert
http://managementhelp.org/misc/int-ext-consultants.pdf