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Techniques:burlesque exaggeration are used to describe how society is today in order to contrast with how it is in their world. It is used to outline our flaws and how they are non existent with their system.
Author meaning: Huxley is criticizing our current lifestyle and how from an efficiency standpoint we as humans are livin up to our full potential
Parallels: this can be compared to how we as a society view the past. In history books and in class we awe in disbelief at how people managed to get by in the past. We cannot comprehend anything other than what we have today, and that is what Huxley is trying to imitate

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Lauren Horan, Nicole Dean, Alex Baker, Alex Cross, Austin Coates Pd 5

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Lauren Horan, Nicole Dean, Alex Baker, Alex Cross, Austin Coates Pd 5

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Example: "Those days of gross viviparous reproduction" (pg 24) When mentioned parents "several of the boys blushed... smut" (pg 23)
Technique:
Dramatic Irony.  Huxley used dramatic irony to explain how reproducing could be different in the future.  Reading the book, we know that, today, humans are naturally made, but the people of the world state do not think that.  They believe humans should only be made through scientific production, and, therefore, the dramatic irony is that we know something they do not; The natural way for a human to be born into the world.
What is Huxley critiquing or saying about this subject?
The author is saying that producing humans like an assembly line, or, practically by cloning, is not right.  He is demonstrating how the people in the world state think that producing humans is right and naturally creating them is wrong in order to purposely make us feel uncomfortable so to prove his point that cloning and producing humans is not right.  So, he is saying that he hopes society does not progress to making humans in a lab, and he is trying to convince us of this point through the use of dramatic irony.
What parallels exist in Huxley's time? In our own?
The parallels that exist in Huxley's time is the creation of the assembly line and birth control.  The assembly line helps to give Huxley the idea that humans can be mass produced, and birth control helps with the idea of humans not having kids.  These two things contribute to the ideas in Brave New World of how the world state produces humans, instead of actual people.  The parallels in our time include scientific advancement.  Science continues to grow and advance everyday as new discoveries are made.  Today, human cloning could well be a thing.  A sheep has been cloned before!  So, it parallels to our time because we have, and are developing, information on how to clone.  But it is a controversial topic, so it has not been put to use much on humans, like in Brave New World, and Huxely makes it clear that he does not want that, although, with the way science is advancing, it may happen.

Here is an  article about cloning:
https://www.genome.gov/25020028/cloning-fact-sheet/

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Example of satire: "...A little boy of about seven and a little girl who might have been a year older, were playing, very gravely and with all the focused attention of scientists intent on a labor of discovery, a rudimentary sexual game. 'Charming, charming!' the D.H.C. repeated sentimentally" (31).
Technique used: Situational Irony
What is the author saying: These young children are involved in "sexual games".  Although this would be considered a disturbing issue in our society, the game is normal for children to play at young ages in this modern society. The director even comments on the children's activities by saying how "charming" they were. As if to say what they are doing is good and is a sign of normal development.
What parallels exist in the author's time? This scene further illustrates the stark contrasts between our society and the modern society in the novel . In the author's world it is normal and acceptable for children to partake in "sexual activities". It shows that they are maturing just fine. Where in our society it wouldn't be very common to hear of seven and eight year olds partaking in such activities. It would be considered not proper.

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Devon Haggerty, Cat Gaffney, David Heller, Soheil Atashpanjeh, and Kyle Stout

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Devon Haggerty, Cat Gaffney, David Heller, Soheil Atashpanjeh, and Kyle Stout

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Period 5
Example: "Consider your own lives, 'said Mustapha Mond.' Has any of you ever encountered an insurmountable obstacle?'... they wouldn't have anything to do with them.'" (pg. 45)
Techniques: Dramatic Irony- We the audience understand how absurd it is that they are taking advantage of women like that. Exaggeration- He is saying how "horrible" it is that it took longer than a couple of seconds for a women to allow him to have her.
What is the author saying?: Huxley is warning us that this is the direction we are going in. Manogomy can be a good thing but it doesn't exit in this time.
What parallels exist in the authors time? In our own?: Sex is now just a normal action because birth control was created. Getting with multiple women a week is what is suppose to happen and women are just suppose to give themselves up for males.

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Period 7
Example: "Fine to think we can go on being socially useful even after we're already dead. Making plants grow."
Techniques: Grotesque
What is the author saying?: He's critiquing how the system is set up and how they will still be doing this after they die, plus that they will still be useful after death.
Parallels: When you die they can mix your ashes with seeds and grow trees that you're apart of.

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Amy P, Peyton B, Will F, EJ B, Devender D, Brendan B, Edward J; Pd. 6

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Amy P, Peyton B, Will F, EJ B, Devender D, Brendan B, Edward J; Pd. 6

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Example: "'What a hideous color khaki is,' remarked Lenina, 'voicing the hypopaedic prejudices of her caste'" (Huxley 62).

Technique: Dramatic Irony

What is the author saying: Huxley uses dramatic irony in this quote to show a contrast between what we as the audience are aware of and what Lenina is aware of. In the World State, the people are conditioned to to dislike other castes. Lenina is unaware that she has been conditioned this way, and thus her words and prejudices have no lasting effect on her. We as an audience know that she has been conditioned to have prejudices and find it interesting how upper castes do not associate with lower castes (this somewhat exists in society today as well).

What parallels exist in the author's time? In our own?: Pavlov's dogs and classical conditioning. In his experiment, Pavlov used a bell as his neutral stimulus. Whenever he gave food to his dogs, he also rang a bell. After a number of repeats of this procedure, he tried the bell on its own. The bell on its own now caused an increase in salivation.The dog had learned an association between the bell and the food and a new behavior (conditioned) had been learned. This occurred around 1904.

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Example: "You know what polish is, I suppose?" "A dead language." "Like French and German." (Huxley 23)
Techniques: situational irony and exaggeration
What is the author saying: In the future, famous languages like French will no longer be spoken.
What parallels exist in the author's time?: the extinct languages today for example some Native American languages spoken before

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Example: "Hasn't it occurred to you that an Epsilon embryo must have an Epsilon environment as well as an Epsilon heredity?"(14)
Technique: Absurdism because the people in this world do not care about retaining humanity
Author saying: Huxley is making a connection to Eugenics.  He is trying to display that Eugenics can easily be used in evil ways.
Parallels: The Eugenics movement was huge at this time, so that is where he got the idea to correlate that into this book.  In our time, we display Eugenics in our media.  An example of that is in the movie, The Purge, because they kill off the poor people because they are "bad" for our society.

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Example: "A New Theory of Biology" was the title of the paper which Mustapha Mond had just finished reading... "The author's mathematical treatment of the conception of purpose is novel and highly ingenious, but heretical and, so far as the present social order is concerned, dangerous and potentially subversive. Not to be published." (pg 177)
Techniques:
What is the author saying? - This Brave New World
What parallels exist?

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Example: Henry: "What you need is a gramme of soma."
Bernard: "All the advantages of Christianity and alcohol; none of their defects." (pg. 54)
Technique: Comic juxtaposition
What is the author saying?: Huxley is critiquing society for always turning drugs to avoid/solve problems, rather than trying to work through problems.
What parallels exist?: Huxley experimented with hallucinogens in his time, and he is critiquing our current society for relying on drugs.

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Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

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Abby Ostrander, Sofia Piela, Julia Hamill, Siena Salvaggio, Eric Johannes

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Abby Ostrander, Sofia Piela, Julia Hamill, Siena Salvaggio, Eric Johannes

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Example:
I shall begin at the beginning," said the D.H.C. and the more zealous students recorded his intention in their notebooks: Begin at the beginning.
Technique:
Exaggeration
What is the author saying?
The author is critiquing today's students' notetaking abilities. Students today write down many excessive details in their notes, but in Huxley's future, students write down literally every single word that the teachers say.
What parallels exist in the author's time?
In his time/our time, people were very interested in their studies because of all of the scientific discoveries made. There are many scientific fields to enter now, so it is more competitive and students are more scholarly. They are trained and expected to know everything their teachers say. Huxley is exaggerating these traits in this quote.

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Lauren Nunn, Sage Barnett, Matt Clune, Will Meier, Nathan Castro

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Lauren Nunn, Sage Barnett, Matt Clune, Will Meier, Nathan Castro

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Example:
"'He patted me on the behind this afternoon,' said Lenina. 'There you see!' Fanny was triumphant. 'That shows what he stands for. The strictest conventionality.'"
Technique:
Irony
What is the author saying?
The authors is criticizing our society and how it does not condone sexual gestures in public. In the World State sexual gestures are accepted.
What parallels exist in Huxley's time? In our own?
The flappers of the 1920's in Huxley's time were very free and expressive, they wore shorter clothing and were more sexualized. In our own time, the younger generations free romance. They are more open about their romantic lives.

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Alek Gulkewicz, Cameron Yon, Rachel Kennedy, Caitlin Blichar, Kaniz Kashem; Pd 6

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Alek Gulkewicz, Cameron Yon, Rachel Kennedy, Caitlin Blichar, Kaniz Kashem; Pd 6

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Example:
"Moral education, which ought never, in any circumstances, to be rational." (pg. 26)
Technique:
Situational irony
What is the author saying?
Huxley is implying that in the World State, morals are irrelevant.  People do not have a sense of companionship or any other emotion that most normal people have.  He is showing that this is a time of no morals or standards because all the children growing up are being taught what to do and what they will become so there is no other senses of morals.
What parallels exist in the author's time?
Huxley is suggesting that in his time period of rapid technological advancement, morals are being forgotten and broken.  These advancements include automobiles, mass production of the assembly line, and various genetic discoveries.  He is showing how a world without morals is twisted and backwards from our own existence.

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Andrew Fine,  Cassie Helmer, David Guffy, Sahil Laud, Raidah Chowdhury PD 

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Andrew Fine,  Cassie Helmer, David Guffy, Sahil Laud, Raidah Chowdhury PD 

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Example:
"I'd simply love to come with you for a week in July," she went on. (Anyhow, she was publicly proving her unfaithfulness to Henry. Fanny ought to be pleased, even though it was Bernard."  -Lenina (pg. 58)
Technique:
Dramatic Irony
What is he saying?:
Huxley is attacking the way relationships are viewed in the World State. Since it is not only acceptable but exspected for people to have multiple relations with various people at the same time, Lenina's friend was very concerned about her one man relationship for the past few months.  Lenina's comment of how her freind, Fanny, would be happy that she is going on a date with another man is very ironic in comparission to how our dating lives work.
What parallels exsist in author's own time?:
In Huxley's time birth control was just invented which allowed the younger generateion to be more spontaneous with their relationships and activities. This concerned the older generation and led them to wonderwhat this invention would lead to in the next generations. In our own time some people have changed their lifestyles to be more like the views in Brave New World but still most people keep to a one person at one time dating view.

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"Reducing the number of revolutions per minute, The surrogate goes round slower; therefore passes through the lung at longer intervals; therefore gives the embryo less oxygen. Nothing like oxygen-shortage for keeping a embryo below par.But why do you want to keep the embryo below par? Ass! Hasn't it occurred to you that an Epsilon embryo must have an Epsilon environment as well as a Epsilon heredity?" pg 14
What is he saying?
BE afraid of socitetys attachment with perfection at the cost of the suffering of others.
Parralells to today?
We still want to be perfect and our obsession with perfection is taken at the cost of other people and entire contries.
Techniques?
situational irony

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Julia Pope, Brooke Maier, Luz Perdomo, Merwa Naveed pd 5

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Julia Pope, Brooke Maier, Luz Perdomo, Merwa Naveed pd 5

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Example:
"Walking and talking-that seemed a very odd way to spend an afternoon" Lenina pg 89
Techniques:
Socratic Irony- Lenina is thinking about what a weird thing it is, Huxley is showing loss of romantic connection by displaying the opposite.
What is the author saying, illustrating, or critiquing about the subject?
Huxley is showing how the culture of romance has disintergrated
What parallels exist in the author's time?
Romance- Huxley feels romance might become emotionless and become physical value

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Example:

"Four months...without having another man...why, he'd be furious if he knew....
Think of water under pressure...My baby, my baby...No wonder these poor pre-moderns were mad and wicked and miserable...Their world didn't allow them to take things easily...they were forced to feel strongly...how could they be stable?" (41).

Techniques:
Huxley huxtaposes Mond's lecture on the W.S. values of dating vs. "pre-modern" values (us) with Fanny and Lenina's conversation.
He also employs dramatic irony here: Mond is convinced that the W.S.'s anti-emotional stance is what the people need and want. Huxley likely hopes we're disturbed by this and insist on the right to feel.

What is Huxley critiquing or saying about this subject?
Huxley shows that the W.S. embraces polygamy and rejects emotional connection because it makes for a more stable state, but at what cost? He seems to suggest that yes, life can sometimes involve struggle and yes, emotional turmoil is one such struggle, but would we really want to give up our freedom to feel just because it'd be easier?

What parallels exist in Huxley's time? In our own?
In Huxley's time, the invention of birth control and the beginnings of a more liberal attitude towards sex could've led people to some slippery slope fears about the demise of the nuclear family.
In our own time, do people value monogamy and emotional connection, or do we live in a "hook-up" culture? More or less so than previous generations? I wonder what the research suggests:

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News about dating and courtship. Commentary and archival information about dating from The New York Times.

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Chapter 1 (3) & 3 (41)