# data[].attributes.headline
1. An article which describes the aim of the research reported as to ‘explore’

# data[].attributes.subject
1. An article which describes the aim of the research reported as to ‘explore’

# data[].attributes.headline
2. An article which describes the aim of the research reported as to ‘explain’

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3. An article which reports a case study

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3. An article which reports a case study

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4. An article reporting an experiment or a quasi-experiment

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4. An article reporting an experiment or a quasi-experiment

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5. An article reporting narrative research

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5. An article reporting narrative research

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7. An article which reports both qualitative and quantitative data

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7. An article which reports both qualitative and quantitative data

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8. An article which mentions a hypothesis

# data[].attributes.subject
8. An article which mentions a hypothesis

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9. An article which mentions a null hypothesis

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9. An article which mentions a null hypothesis

# data[].attributes.headline
10. An article which reports using interviews as the method of data collection

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10. An article which reports using interviews as the method of data collection

# data[].attributes.headline
11. An article which reports using observation as the method of data collection

# data[].attributes.subject
11. An article which reports using observation as the method of data collection

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
University of Edinburgh Research Explorer

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Abstract

We present an approach for dealing with coarse-resolution Earth observations (EO) in terrestrial ecosystem data assimilation schemes. The use of coarse-scale observations in ecological data assimilation schemes is complicated by spatial heterogeneity and nonlinear processes in natural ecosystems. If these complications are not appropriately dealt with, then the data assimilation will produce biased results. The "disaggregation" approach that we describe in this paper combines frequent coarse-resolution observations with temporally sparse fine-resolution measurements. We demonstrate the approach using a demonstration data set based on measurements of an Arctic ecosystem. In this example, normalized difference vegetation index observations are assimilated into a "zero-order" model of leaf area index and carbon uptake. The disaggregation approach conserves key ecosystem characteristics regardless of the observation resolution and estimates the carbon uptake to within 1% of the demonstration data set "truth." Assimilating the same data in the normal manner, but without the disaggregation approach, results in carbon uptake being underestimated by 58% at an observation resolution of 250 m. The disaggregation method allows the combination of multiresolution EO and improves in spatial resolution if observations are located on a grid that shifts from one observation time to the next. Additionally, the approach is not tied to a particular data assimilation scheme, model, or EO product and can cope with complex observation distributions, as it makes no implicit assumptions of normality.

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Published in Journal of Geophysical Research. Copyright (2011) American Geophysical Union.

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@article{413837a286b84f30beaa34ad6d339ef0,

title = "A data assimilation method for using low-resolution Earth observation data in heterogeneous ecosystems",

abstract = "We present an approach for dealing with coarse-resolution Earth observations (EO) in terrestrial ecosystem data assimilation schemes. The use of coarse-scale observations in ecological data assimilation schemes is complicated by spatial heterogeneity and nonlinear processes in natural ecosystems. If these complications are not appropriately dealt with, then the data assimilation will produce biased results. The {"}disaggregation{"} approach that we describe in this paper combines frequent coarse-resolution observations with temporally sparse fine-resolution measurements. We demonstrate the approach using a demonstration data set based on measurements of an Arctic ecosystem. In this example, normalized difference vegetation index observations are assimilated into a {"}zero-order{"} model of leaf area index and carbon uptake. The disaggregation approach conserves key ecosystem characteristics regardless of the observation resolution and estimates the carbon uptake to within 1% of the demonstration data set {"}truth.{"} Assimilating the same data in the normal manner, but without the disaggregation approach, results in carbon uptake being underestimated by 58% at an observation resolution of 250 m. The disaggregation method allows the combination of multiresolution EO and improves in spatial resolution if observations are located on a grid that shifts from one observation time to the next. Additionally, the approach is not tied to a particular data assimilation scheme, model, or EO product and can cope with complex observation distributions, as it makes no implicit assumptions of normality.",

keywords = "LEAF-AREA INDEX, KALMAN FILTER, MODELS, WATER, FLUX, PARAMETER, SYSTEMS, FUSION, ENERGY, BIAS",

author = "Hill, {T. C.} and T. Quaife and M. Williams",

doi = "10.1029/2010JD015268",

journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres",

}

Hill, TC, Quaife, T 2011, ' A data assimilation method for using low-resolution Earth observation data in heterogeneous ecosystems ', Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres , vol. 116, no. D8, D08117, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015268

TY - JOUR

T1 - A data assimilation method for using low-resolution Earth observation data in heterogeneous ecosystems

AU - Hill, T. C.

AU - Quaife, T.

AU - Williams, M.

PY - 2011/4/29

Y1 - 2011/4/29

N2 - We present an approach for dealing with coarse-resolution Earth observations (EO) in terrestrial ecosystem data assimilation schemes. The use of coarse-scale observations in ecological data assimilation schemes is complicated by spatial heterogeneity and nonlinear processes in natural ecosystems. If these complications are not appropriately dealt with, then the data assimilation will produce biased results. The "disaggregation" approach that we describe in this paper combines frequent coarse-resolution observations with temporally sparse fine-resolution measurements. We demonstrate the approach using a demonstration data set based on measurements of an Arctic ecosystem. In this example, normalized difference vegetation index observations are assimilated into a "zero-order" model of leaf area index and carbon uptake. The disaggregation approach conserves key ecosystem characteristics regardless of the observation resolution and estimates the carbon uptake to within 1% of the demonstration data set "truth." Assimilating the same data in the normal manner, but without the disaggregation approach, results in carbon uptake being underestimated by 58% at an observation resolution of 250 m. The disaggregation method allows the combination of multiresolution EO and improves in spatial resolution if observations are located on a grid that shifts from one observation time to the next. Additionally, the approach is not tied to a particular data assimilation scheme, model, or EO product and can cope with complex observation distributions, as it makes no implicit assumptions of normality.

AB - We present an approach for dealing with coarse-resolution Earth observations (EO) in terrestrial ecosystem data assimilation schemes. The use of coarse-scale observations in ecological data assimilation schemes is complicated by spatial heterogeneity and nonlinear processes in natural ecosystems. If these complications are not appropriately dealt with, then the data assimilation will produce biased results. The "disaggregation" approach that we describe in this paper combines frequent coarse-resolution observations with temporally sparse fine-resolution measurements. We demonstrate the approach using a demonstration data set based on measurements of an Arctic ecosystem. In this example, normalized difference vegetation index observations are assimilated into a "zero-order" model of leaf area index and carbon uptake. The disaggregation approach conserves key ecosystem characteristics regardless of the observation resolution and estimates the carbon uptake to within 1% of the demonstration data set "truth." Assimilating the same data in the normal manner, but without the disaggregation approach, results in carbon uptake being underestimated by 58% at an observation resolution of 250 m. The disaggregation method allows the combination of multiresolution EO and improves in spatial resolution if observations are located on a grid that shifts from one observation time to the next. Additionally, the approach is not tied to a particular data assimilation scheme, model, or EO product and can cope with complex observation distributions, as it makes no implicit assumptions of normality.

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KW - KALMAN FILTER

KW - MODELS

KW - WATER

KW - FLUX

KW - PARAMETER

KW - SYSTEMS

KW - FUSION

KW - ENERGY

KW - BIAS

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JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

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IS - D8

M1 - D08117

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# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A data assimilation method for using low-resolution Earth observation data in heterogeneous ecosystems

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We present an approach for dealing with coarse-resolution Earth observations (EO) in terrestrial ecosystem data assimilation schemes. The use of coarse-scale observations in ecological data assimilation schemes is complicated by spatial heterogeneity and nonlinear processes in natural ecosystems. If these complications are not appropriately dealt with, then the data assimilation will produce biased results.

# data[].attributes.headline
12.An article which reports using focus groups as the method of data collection

# data[].attributes.subject
12.An article which reports using focus groups as the method of data collection

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
University of Edinburgh Research Explorer

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Abstract

Aims and objectives
To understand the different factors that impact on the involvement of adult family members in the care of critically ill patients from the perspective of patients, families and nurses, with the aim to inform the enactment of a patient‐ and family‐centred care intervention to support the patient-family-nurse partnership in care involvement.

Background
Existing evidence lacks theoretical underpinning and clarity to support enactment of patient‐ and family‐centred care and involvement of families in the care of the critically ill patient.

Design
Qualitative exploratory design using thematic analysis.

Methods
This study was conducted at two adult intensive care units in two tertiary university hospitals in the central belt of Scotland. Between 2013-2014, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with critically ill survivors (n = 19) and adult family members (n = 21), and five focus groups with nurses (n = 15) across both settings. Data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and uploaded in NVivo 10. Data were analysed thematically using a constructivist epistemology. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Data are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist.

Results
Family's situational awareness; the perceived self in care partnership; rapport and trust; and personal and family attributes were the main factors that affected family involvement in care. Two key themes were identified as principles to enact patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units: "Need for 'Doing family'" and "Negotiations in care involvement."

Conclusions
Negotiating involvement in care requires consideration of patients' and family members' values of doing family and the development of a constructive patient-family-nurses' partnership.

Relevance to clinical practice
Future policy and research should consider patients' and family's needs to demonstrate family bonds within a negotiated process in care participation, when developing tools and frameworks to promote patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units.

Keywords

critical care nursing

family

focus groups

grounded theory

intensive care units

interview

patient participation

Access to Document

KydonakiEtalJCN2020FamilyINvolvement
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Kydonaki, K, Kean, S, Tocher, J. Family INvolvement in inTensive care: A qualitative exploration of critically ill patients, their families and critical care nurses (INpuT study). J Clin Nurs. 2020; 29: 1115- 1128., which has been published in final form at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jocn.15175. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.

Person: Academic: Research Active (Teaching)

Cite this

@article{7f91570498464859a4a050d821b9dedc,

title = "Family INvolvement in inTensive care: A qualitative exploration of critically ill patients, their families and critical care nurses (INpuT study)",

abstract = "Aims and objectivesTo understand the different factors that impact on the involvement of adult family members in the care of critically ill patients from the perspective of patients, families and nurses, with the aim to inform the enactment of a patient‐ and family‐centred care intervention to support the patient-family-nurse partnership in care involvement.BackgroundExisting evidence lacks theoretical underpinning and clarity to support enactment of patient‐ and family‐centred care and involvement of families in the care of the critically ill patient.DesignQualitative exploratory design using thematic analysis.MethodsThis study was conducted at two adult intensive care units in two tertiary university hospitals in the central belt of Scotland. Between 2013-2014, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with critically ill survivors (n = 19) and adult family members (n = 21), and five focus groups with nurses (n = 15) across both settings. Data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and uploaded in NVivo 10. Data were analysed thematically using a constructivist epistemology. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Data are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist. ResultsFamily's situational awareness; the perceived self in care partnership; rapport and trust; and personal and family attributes were the main factors that affected family involvement in care. Two key themes were identified as principles to enact patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units: "Need for {\textquoteleft}Doing family{\textquoteright}" and "Negotiations in care involvement."ConclusionsNegotiating involvement in care requires consideration of patients' and family members' values of doing family and the development of a constructive patient-family-nurses' partnership.Relevance to clinical practiceFuture policy and research should consider patients' and family's needs to demonstrate family bonds within a negotiated process in care participation, when developing tools and frameworks to promote patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units.",

keywords = "critical care nursing, family, focus groups, grounded theory, intensive care units, interview, patient participation",

author = "Kalliopi Kydonaki and Susanne Kean and Jennifer Tocher",

doi = "10.1111/jocn.15175",

journal = "Journal of Clinical Nursing",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

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Kydonaki, K, Kean, S & Tocher, J 2020, ' Family INvolvement in inTensive care: A qualitative exploration of critically ill patients, their families and critical care nurses (INpuT study) ', Journal of Clinical Nursing , vol. 29, no. 7-8, pp. 1115-1128. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15175

TY - JOUR

T1 - Family INvolvement in inTensive care

T2 - A qualitative exploration of critically ill patients, their families and critical care nurses (INpuT study)

AU - Kydonaki, Kalliopi

AU - Kean, Susanne

AU - Tocher, Jennifer

PY - 2020/4/30

Y1 - 2020/4/30

N2 - Aims and objectivesTo understand the different factors that impact on the involvement of adult family members in the care of critically ill patients from the perspective of patients, families and nurses, with the aim to inform the enactment of a patient‐ and family‐centred care intervention to support the patient-family-nurse partnership in care involvement.BackgroundExisting evidence lacks theoretical underpinning and clarity to support enactment of patient‐ and family‐centred care and involvement of families in the care of the critically ill patient.DesignQualitative exploratory design using thematic analysis.MethodsThis study was conducted at two adult intensive care units in two tertiary university hospitals in the central belt of Scotland. Between 2013-2014, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with critically ill survivors (n = 19) and adult family members (n = 21), and five focus groups with nurses (n = 15) across both settings. Data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and uploaded in NVivo 10. Data were analysed thematically using a constructivist epistemology. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Data are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist. ResultsFamily's situational awareness; the perceived self in care partnership; rapport and trust; and personal and family attributes were the main factors that affected family involvement in care. Two key themes were identified as principles to enact patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units: "Need for 'Doing family'" and "Negotiations in care involvement."ConclusionsNegotiating involvement in care requires consideration of patients' and family members' values of doing family and the development of a constructive patient-family-nurses' partnership.Relevance to clinical practiceFuture policy and research should consider patients' and family's needs to demonstrate family bonds within a negotiated process in care participation, when developing tools and frameworks to promote patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units.

AB - Aims and objectivesTo understand the different factors that impact on the involvement of adult family members in the care of critically ill patients from the perspective of patients, families and nurses, with the aim to inform the enactment of a patient‐ and family‐centred care intervention to support the patient-family-nurse partnership in care involvement.BackgroundExisting evidence lacks theoretical underpinning and clarity to support enactment of patient‐ and family‐centred care and involvement of families in the care of the critically ill patient.DesignQualitative exploratory design using thematic analysis.MethodsThis study was conducted at two adult intensive care units in two tertiary university hospitals in the central belt of Scotland. Between 2013-2014, we conducted semi‐structured interviews with critically ill survivors (n = 19) and adult family members (n = 21), and five focus groups with nurses (n = 15) across both settings. Data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and uploaded in NVivo 10. Data were analysed thematically using a constructivist epistemology. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Data are reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist. ResultsFamily's situational awareness; the perceived self in care partnership; rapport and trust; and personal and family attributes were the main factors that affected family involvement in care. Two key themes were identified as principles to enact patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units: "Need for 'Doing family'" and "Negotiations in care involvement."ConclusionsNegotiating involvement in care requires consideration of patients' and family members' values of doing family and the development of a constructive patient-family-nurses' partnership.Relevance to clinical practiceFuture policy and research should consider patients' and family's needs to demonstrate family bonds within a negotiated process in care participation, when developing tools and frameworks to promote patient‐ and family‐centred care in adult intensive care units.

KW - critical care nursing

KW - family

KW - focus groups

KW - grounded theory

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KW - interview

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Family INvolvement in inTensive care: A qualitative exploration of critically ill patients, their families and critical care nurses (INpuT study)

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Aims and objectivesTo understand the different factors that impact on the involvement of adult family members in the care of critically ill patients from the perspective of patients, families and nurses, with the aim to inform the enactment of a patient‐ and family‐centred care intervention to support the patient-family-nurse partnership in care involvement.

# data[].attributes.headline
13.An article which makes a statement about the position of the researcher

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13.An article which makes a statement about the position of the researcher

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The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336, VAT Registration Number GB 592 9507 00, and is acknowledged by the UK authorities as a " Recognised body " which has been granted degree awarding powers.

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14.An article which uses thematic analysis

# data[].attributes.subject
14.An article which uses thematic analysis

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
University of Edinburgh Research Explorer

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Abstract

COVID-19 may have substantial impact on the mental health at a population level, but also has the potential to significantly affect those with pre-existing mental health difficulties such as eating disorders. This qualitative study explores the impact of COVID-19 and associated public health measures on adults with eating disorders within the UK. We conducted 10 in depth interviews with adults (24-38 years) with a self-reported eating disorder during lockdown. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. We identified core themes related to social restrictions (social isolation, changes in accountability to others, and increased responsibility for self and others), functional restrictions (lack of routine and structure, a need to intentionally plan activity, a desire for secrecy particularly around food shopping) and restrictions in access to mental health services. Overall, the impact of the lockdown was experienced as a catalyst for either increased disordered eating behaviours or for a drive for recovery, depending on individual circumstances going into these restrictions. This study is the first in depth interview approach with adults with mixed eating disorder presentations in the UK during COVID-19. Findings have important implications for post lockdown intervention care and practice.

Cite this

Brown, S., Opitz, M-C., Peebles, I. (2021). A qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with eating disorders in the UK . , 156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.104977

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title = "A qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with eating disorders in the UK",

abstract = "COVID-19 may have substantial impact on the mental health at a population level, but also has the potential to significantly affect those with pre-existing mental health difficulties such as eating disorders. This qualitative study explores the impact of COVID-19 and associated public health measures on adults with eating disorders within the UK. We conducted 10 in depth interviews with adults (24-38 years) with a self-reported eating disorder during lockdown. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. We identified core themes related to social restrictions (social isolation, changes in accountability to others, and increased responsibility for self and others), functional restrictions (lack of routine and structure, a need to intentionally plan activity, a desire for secrecy particularly around food shopping) and restrictions in access to mental health services. Overall, the impact of the lockdown was experienced as a catalyst for either increased disordered eating behaviours or for a drive for recovery, depending on individual circumstances going into these restrictions. This study is the first in depth interview approach with adults with mixed eating disorder presentations in the UK during COVID-19. Findings have important implications for post lockdown intervention care and practice.",

keywords = "Coronavirus, COVID-19, eating disorders, qualitative, thematic analysis, lockdown",

author = "Siennamarisa Brown and Marie-Christine Opitz and Imogen Peebles and Helen Sharpe and Fiona Duffy and Emily Newman",

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Brown, S, Opitz, M-C, Peebles, I 2021, ' A qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with eating disorders in the UK ', , vol. 156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.104977

TY - JOUR

T1 - A qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with eating disorders in the UK

AU - Brown, Siennamarisa

AU - Opitz, Marie-Christine

AU - Peebles, Imogen

AU - Sharpe, Helen

AU - Duffy, Fiona

AU - Newman, Emily

PY - 2021/1/1

Y1 - 2021/1/1

N2 - COVID-19 may have substantial impact on the mental health at a population level, but also has the potential to significantly affect those with pre-existing mental health difficulties such as eating disorders. This qualitative study explores the impact of COVID-19 and associated public health measures on adults with eating disorders within the UK. We conducted 10 in depth interviews with adults (24-38 years) with a self-reported eating disorder during lockdown. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. We identified core themes related to social restrictions (social isolation, changes in accountability to others, and increased responsibility for self and others), functional restrictions (lack of routine and structure, a need to intentionally plan activity, a desire for secrecy particularly around food shopping) and restrictions in access to mental health services. Overall, the impact of the lockdown was experienced as a catalyst for either increased disordered eating behaviours or for a drive for recovery, depending on individual circumstances going into these restrictions. This study is the first in depth interview approach with adults with mixed eating disorder presentations in the UK during COVID-19. Findings have important implications for post lockdown intervention care and practice.

AB - COVID-19 may have substantial impact on the mental health at a population level, but also has the potential to significantly affect those with pre-existing mental health difficulties such as eating disorders. This qualitative study explores the impact of COVID-19 and associated public health measures on adults with eating disorders within the UK. We conducted 10 in depth interviews with adults (24-38 years) with a self-reported eating disorder during lockdown. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. We identified core themes related to social restrictions (social isolation, changes in accountability to others, and increased responsibility for self and others), functional restrictions (lack of routine and structure, a need to intentionally plan activity, a desire for secrecy particularly around food shopping) and restrictions in access to mental health services. Overall, the impact of the lockdown was experienced as a catalyst for either increased disordered eating behaviours or for a drive for recovery, depending on individual circumstances going into these restrictions. This study is the first in depth interview approach with adults with mixed eating disorder presentations in the UK during COVID-19. Findings have important implications for post lockdown intervention care and practice.

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A qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with eating disorders in the UK

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COVID-19 may have substantial impact on the mental health at a population level, but also has the potential to significantly affect those with pre-existing mental health difficulties such as eating disorders. This qualitative study explores the impact of COVID-19 and associated public health measures on adults with eating disorders within the UK.

# data[].attributes.headline
15. An article which reports descriptive statistics

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15. An article which reports descriptive statistics

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Descriptive statistics: Measures of central tendency, dispersion, correlation and regression Ali Z, Bhaskar S B, Sudheesh K - Airway

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Airway, All India Difficult Airway Association

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16.An article which discusses the generalisability of the findings

# data[].attributes.subject
16.An article which discusses the generalisability of the findings

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The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336, VAT Registration Number GB 592 9507 00, and is acknowledged by the UK authorities as a " Recognised body " which has been granted degree awarding powers.

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17.An article which uses purposive or opportunistic sampling

# data[].attributes.subject
17.An article which uses purposive or opportunistic sampling

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Log in - Your University Login - The University of Edinburgh

# data[].attributes.headline
18.An article which discusses the limitations of a small scale study

# data[].attributes.subject
18.An article which discusses the limitations of a small scale study

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Log in - Your University Login - The University of Edinburgh