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After losing the conflict with Japan in the Sino-Japanese war, the Island of Taiwan was given to Japan as part of the terms in the war.

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During the late 1930's, conflict broke out between Japan and China. China was attempting to stop Japanese expansion for supremacy in Korea where China wanted to have their own Supremacy.

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Vietnam was a Chinese territory which was ceded to the French after a humiliating loss in the Sino-French War (1883-85). This, just like the First Opium War, disclosed the extent of how behind China's military was compared to western countries. The war ended in 1885 when China finally agreed to sign the Li-Fournier agreement in Paris. This showed how China's once powerful military was slowly declining and how they were unable to control their borders and their trade in their nation.

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The Boxer rebellion protested the Dowager Empress Cixi and the foreign powers trying to take over China. Beijing had a large foreign population, so the self-named "Righteous and Harmonius Fists" violently stormed it.  This resulted in forces from  Japan, Britain, France, Russia, America, and Germany to rush in to subdue the rebellion.

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The Manchu people were the dynasty behind the Qing. They were considered to be foreigners, despite identifying as Chinese. Because of the "foreign invasion" in the dynasty, rebellions like the boxer and taiping started protesting against international acceptance in China. This began a new form of nationalism; one based solely on religion and ethnicity rather than citizenship or unification.

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46MW+2F Chengyang District, Qingdao, Shandong, China

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After the uprising from the Boxer Rebellion, the  Qing Dynasty had to gain help from westerners to be able to regain control and put down the rebellion. During the rebellion, the Germany sent their East Asia Naval Squadron to Jiaozhou Bay to keep the peace. This ended up forming a strong German sphere of influence around the Jiaozhou Bay area.

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Nanjing was the main stage of the wake of the Chinese military defeat against Britain. This is why, at the end of the Opium war (1839-42), the unfair treaty between the two nations was titled the Treaty of Nanking. This treaty included clauses like the cession of Hong Kong, British control of Chinese trade, and 6 million dollars worth of silver paid from the Chinese to the British.

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In the late 1830's, a man named Hong Xiuquan tried to end poverty in China by having everyone share its wealth. He gathered over 1 million followers and took over Nanjing and claimed it as their capital. This attack caused the Qing dynasty to send in their troops and call upon foreign forces to put down the Taiping rebellion and attempt to regain control. However, this revolt had already resulted in the deaths of over 20 million people.

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This was a main trading port in the early 19th century. Many western nations came to the port to acquire coveted goods like silk, porcelain, and tea but the Chinese weren't interested in any western goods and would only accept silver. Because Britain didn't want to pay silver, they started importing opium which started the Opium War (1839-42). After the opium war, China was forced to open up all of its ports instead of only allowing trade in Guangzhou.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Hong Kong was one of the territories ceded from the Qing dynasty to Britain through the treaty of Nanjing (1842) after the loss of the Opium War (1839-42) which sought to open up trade between Britain and China.

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Beijing was the first city stormed by the Taiping rebellion. The intention of the storm of Beijing was to take it over in order to get rid of the Qing dynasty in China. In the end, it was subdued by the Qing army.