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Tiny gas bubbles coming up through a liquid.

Alka Seltzer and Vinegar Lab: These combined make fizz which creates CO₂. When the tablet is placed it dissolves and combines with the vinegar. The CO₂ is less dense which makes it float up creating tiny bubbles containing CO₂.

Sodium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid: This dissolves the sodium carbonate which gives off CO2. The CO₂ rises because of the denseness. The bubbles set at the top and bursts into the air.

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Sodium Carbonate reacting with Hydrochloric Acid

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A smell that is released.

Burning sugar: When sugar burns a maltol is produced which
is a chemical compound. It also creates a ketone which is a double compound of carbon and oxygen, this is a flavor enhancer which releases the smell.

Coffee
Coffee beans start out green and have no smell. During the roasting process they go through a significant chemical change. First they drop in temperature as they absorb energy. As the temperature increases, pressure builds from steam, and the beans "pop" and the coffee aroma begins. The second "pop" or "crack" happens because pressure caused by the formation of CO, CO₂ and NOX occurs.

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A new color is created.

Sugar caustic soda solution and potassium permanganate:
The permanganate is reduced and becomes an anion, then the sugar oxidises. This keeps reducing and the colors keep combining making new colors. the particles keep shrinking and become the next color.

Copper Sulfate and Sodium Carbonate:
When combining copper sulfate and sodium carbonate a chemical reaction occurs that causes a color change. A light blue jelly like substance forms. A bond forms when the chlorine ions surround the copper ions and bond together and then the sodium will react along with the chlorine making the color light blue.

CuSO4 + Na2CO3 ----＞ CuCO3 + Na2SO4

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Video Lab: Chemical reaction: Change in Color

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Precipitation Reaction: Copper Sulfate and Sodium Carbonate

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The temperature changes. (Endothermic, Exothermic )

Steel and wool create an exothermic reaction:
When you soak the steel wool in vinegar it removes the protective coating of and allows the iron in the steel to rust. This chemical reaction creates heat energy which increases the temperature inside the beaker. This is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat.

Ammonium Thiocyanate and Barium Hydroxide (Cold Pack):
When the two substances are mixed they create a mixture they break down and combined into clumps. They soon break into a liquid which gives off ammonia which keeps the coldness inside.

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EXOTHERMIC REACTION: Steel Wool + Vinegar = HEAT

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Things start to heat up with this exothermic reaction experiment. So easy and safe to try for yourself! Who knew that steel wool and vinegar creates heat? Music "Aurora Borealis" from YouTube's free music library

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"Cool" Reaction: Ammonium Thiocyanate and Barium Hydroxide Octahydrate

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A solid is created
Elephant toothpaste: is the decomposition process of hydrogen peroxide when yeast and potassium iodide work to break down the hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. Soap will mix with the oxygen and water which turns into foam and creates a solid. The foam is made as the dishwashing detergent traps tiny oxygen bubbles created by the chemical reaction that is happening inside the bottle.
The equation is:
2 H₂O₂(aq) → 2 H₂O(l) + O₂(g)

Silver Nitrate and Sodium Chloride:
These two compounds are ionic. They are both highly soluble in water. These create a double displacement reaction so the ions switch places. This creates little silver particles which is the white stuff in the video.

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4:24

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Precipitation Reactions: Crash Course Chemistry #9

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A new substance is created in every chemical reaction.

When iron comes into contact with oxygen in water, a chemical reaction occurs to make a new compound. It is made up of iron atoms and oxygen atoms bonded together. These molecules are rust.
The chemical formula is:
4Fe + 3O₂ = 2Fe₂O3

Burning Wood:
Burning wood is creating a new substance called ash. The heat and oxygen is transformed into carbon dioxide, water vapour, and ash. It also produces smoke and energy from the heat. This reaction can not be reversed.

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Burning wood stock photo © Vaidas Bucys (Cebas) (#397109) | Stockfresh

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397109: Download this image and other royalty free stock photos and vectors for as low as $1. Save even more with our subscription plans. Sign up for free!