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(Done by Hasten)

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Over the time of the Atlantic Slave Trade, from around 1526 to 1867, approximately 12.5 million slaves had been transported from Africa, and 10.7 million had touched base in the Caribban. The Atlantic Slave Trade was likely the most expensive in human existence of throughout the entire of separation worldwide movements.

The main Africans compelled to work in the New World left from Europe toward the start of the sixteenth century, not from Africa. The main slave voyage guide from Africa to the Caribban most likely cruised in 1526.
Jeremiah

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“I do not know if coffee and sugar are essential to the happiness of Europe, but I do know well that these two products have accounted for the unhappiness of two great regions of the world: America has been depopulated so as to have land on which to plant them; Africa has been depopulated so as to have the people to cultivate them.”

Source: Excerpt from Volume 1 of J.H. Bernardin de Saint Pierre’s Voyage to the Isle de France, Isle de  Bourbon, The Cape of Good Hope… (1773)

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Letters to the King of Portugal
by Nzinga Mbemba (Afonso I)

Sir, Your Highness should know how our Kingdom is being lost in so many ways that it is convenient to provide for the necessary remedy, since this is caused by the excessive freedom given by your agents and officials to the men and merchants who are allowed to come to this Kingdom to set up shops with goods and many things which have been prohibited by us, and which they spread throughout our Kingdoms and Domains in such an abundance that many of our vassals, whom we had in obedience, do not comply because they have the things in greater abundance than we ourselves; and it was with these things that we had them content and subjected under our vassalage and jurisdiction, so it is doing a great harm not only to the service of God, but the security and peace of our Kingdoms and State as well.

And we cannot reckon how great the damage is, since the mentioned merchants are taking every day our natives, sons of the land and the sons of our noblemen and vassals and our relatives, because the thieves and men of bad conscience grab them wishing to have the things and wares of this Kingdom which they are ambitious of; they grab them and get them to be sold; and so great, Sir, is the corruption and licentiousness that our country is being completely depopulated, and Your Highness should not agree with this nor accept it as in your service. And to avoid it we need from those (your) Kingdoms no more than some priests and a few people to reach in schools, and no other goods except wine and flour for the holy sacrament. That is why we beg of Your Highness to help and assist us in this matter, commanding your factors that they should not send here either merchants or wares, because it is our will that in these Kingdoms there should not be any trade of slaves nor outlet for them. Concerning what is referred [to] above, again we beg of Your Highness to agree with it, since otherwise we cannot remedy such an obvious damage. Pray Our Lord in His mercy to have Your Highness under His guard and let you do forever the things of His service. I kiss your hands many times. . . .

(At our town of Kongo, written on the sixth day of July in 1526.)

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Be that as it may, duty regarding the slave exchange isn't basic. From one viewpoint, it was to be sure the Europeans who obtained huge quantities of Africans, and sent them far away to work in their settlements. Then again, Africans bear some duty themselves: some African social orders had long had their own slaves, and they collaborated with the Europeans to offer different Africans into subjugation. The Europeans depended on African shippers, officers and rulers to get slaves for them, which they at that point purchased, at helpful seaports. Maybe in light of the fact that subjugation and slave exchanging had since quite a while ago existed in a lot of Africa (however maybe in frames less severe than the bondage rehearsed in the Americas), Africans were untroubled by pitching slaves to Europeans.
Jeremiah

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Source: Ross, Will., Slavery’s Long Effects on Africa, British Broadcasting Network, 29 March 2007

The Ghanaian historian and lawyer, Mohamed Shaibu Abdulai, says Africa's loss of millions of the strongest men and women during the slave trade is one reason for this underdevelopment.

"The slave trade actually prevented the coming into being of an agrarian revolution in Ghana, and likewise an industrial revolution. Because before you can industrialize you need to have stable agricultural production. So slavery has a very long effect."

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Source: Shepard, Verne A., Jamaica and the Debate over Reparations for Slavery: A Summary Overview, United Nations Working Group on People of African Descent

Slavery was not just an event – it was a process of destabilizing African societies. It produced a negative self-image and African desulfurization, and demonized all things black and all things African. That is what separates the slave trade from modern-day slavery… despite successes in many activities, there are still serious problems with discrimination.

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Source: “6 Ways Slavery Still Negatively Impacts Black People”, Atlanta Black Star, 2013.

The diets of many black people who in live in the Diaspora are a direct result of slavery. The slave masters generally consumed the lean and fleshy parts of farm animals, and left the scraps for the enslaved. Enslaved Africans were forced to incorporate those leftovers – such as chitterlings, ox tails, tripe, pigs’ feet, cow foot, and other bad foods – into their daily meals. Those unhealthy foods are still part of the diets of many black people today. They are harmful to the body and are the cause of chronic illnesses that plague our communities including strokes, high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease.

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The primary long term impacts of the slave trade were the hampering of Africa's progress towards an Industrial Revolution via the drain of able bodied and intelligent workers, the demonization of African culture as a whole through racist ideas, and the establishment of deeply unhealthy dietary habits through the lack of access to healthy foods which was a defining characteristic of the lives of slaves. A common characteristic of all modern day developed countries is that they've all gone through an Industrial Revolution where they shift their economy more towards manufacturing and techonology and used the burst in the economy to develop their society. Africa was deprived of this necessary component required for advancing because all of their able bodied and capable, intelligent population was bought and sold in the slave trade, meaning slavery is a direct link to the comparatively underdeveloped nature of most African countries today. That doesn't mean things were better for the actual people once they arrived to work in the Americas though, as the slave trade and slavery in general led to demonization of Africans and African culture in the United States. Enslavement of Africans implied in American culture that they were inferior compared to the rest of the population, which meant that they were discriminated against simply for being Africans. This is still present today to a disturbing extent, as this discrimination became so entrenched in parts of American culture that trying to remove it entirely has been a battle spanning multiple centuries. Lastly, the diets of Slaves suffered greatly during the slave trade because all of the healthier foods were being eaten by slave owners, and the Slaves themselves consisted mostly of whatever the owners didn't eat. Essentially, the Slaves were left with nothing but scraps, and remnants of that kind of diet are still apparent in modern day culture. This has led to a subset of diets which is deeply unhealthy and has overall increased obesity in the United States.

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Letter about Spain’s interactions with its colonies in 1559

From New Spain are obtained gold, silver and other things. One fifth of all profits go to the king. Great quantities of gold and silver used to be out in the open; with all of it gone, now gold and silver

have to be mined.

The work is hard and the Spaniards are not willing to do the work, Natives who have become Christians are not allowed to be forced to do the work because the Emperor freed them.  So now it is necessary to acquire negro slaves [enslaved Africans], who are brought from the coasts of Africa. Their masters are making

them work too hard and giving them too little to eat, they fall sick and the greater part of them die. . . .

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The Atlantic Slave Trade changed Europe economically, while affecting the life of Africa politically and socially. According to document 4, Africans were forced to work for the Europeans in getting them resources. This economically changed the European countries since they were able to obtain more resources. Furthermore, in document 10 the political life of Africa was disrupted and became unstable due to the arrival of the European's. Europe obtained power from Africa as slowly making their way into their country by pursuing their resources. This later changed as the Europeans began to take the people away from their home country and forced them to be slaves. Finally document 16 shows a social change, this social change is established through a social hierarchy among races. Since Spain used up most of the resources like gold they now had to work to get more of it. However, they did not want to so they wanted others to do the work and they couldn't force Natives. There only option left was to go to Africa and force Africans to do the work.