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Post #9: Reason for Belief (Emotional Connection)

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Post #9: Reason for Belief (Emotional Connection)

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Definition:
Emotions can cause our rational thoughts to be obscured and make us believe what we want to hear.
Connection:
This is an example of famous psychic Theresa Caputo from Long Island Medium talking to a deceased mother to help two sisters have closure.

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The 'Long Island Medium' Helps Sisters Reconnect With Their Late Mother

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Definition:
the reason for belief simplicity is when scientific answers are too difficult to understand so you assume it was a psychic connection.
Connection:
Often times people have a psychic experience when they think about someone or think they are going to call and suddenly that person does call.

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Telephone Clip Art Old Telephone Alexander Graham Bell Telephone Telephone Icon First Telephone Toy Telephone Cartoon Telephone Animated Telephone Mobile Phone Smartphone Telephone Call Drawing Telephone Telephone Logo Telephone Booth Telephone Pole Telephone Game Telephone 1876 1800s Telephone The Invention of Telephone Telephone Number Telephone Sign Telephone Keypad Modern Telephone Office Telephone Avaya Telephone Cisco Telephone Red Telephone Blue Telephone White Telephone Pink Telephone Telephone Symbol Telephone Receiver Telephone Ringing Telephone Operator Telephone Network The First Ever Telephone Landline Phone Service Telephone Fursuit Wall Telephone Cell Telephone Cordless Telephone Telephone Handset The Evolution of Telephone Alexander Graham Bell First Telephone

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Created by:
Corrina Calvert-Smith

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Definition:
The red flag confirmation Bias is a way to attain information in a way that favors one's pre existing opinion.
Connection:
This video gives an understanding of what confirmation bias is. It explains that we use it when listening to media or friends talk about something you may already have an opinion on and how your opinion is influenced by what you choose to listen to.

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Definition:
The red flag red herrings is when someone uses a lot of irrelevant information to distract from actual facts.
Connection:
In this article it is explained how during the second debate between President Donald Trump and Hilary Clinton red herrings were used to deter the audience into believing what they were promising. Donald Trump uses the fallacy red herring to distract his audience of the comments he made about ISIS on the recorded tape from 2005. He uses it to make his comments seem unimportant.

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A logical fallacy is a flaw in reasoning that lead to false assertions. Let's look at 5 logical fallacies from the second presidential debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump held on Tuesday, October 4, 2016.

"Y es, I'm very embarrassed by it. I hate it. But it's locker room talk, and it's one of those things. I will knock the hell out of ISIS. We're going to defeat ISIS. ISIS happened a number of years ago in a vacuum that was left because of bad judgment. And I will tell you, I will take care of ISIS." Donald Trump on the 2005 video that was released prior to the debate.

A red herring fallacy is when one misleads or distracts from themain issue. In the example given, Donald Trump uses a red herring, the fight against ISIS, to distract from the main point which is about the comments he is heard saying on a recording from 2005. The example is also a form of appeal to ridicule by using ISIS to make his taped comments appear unimportant/ridiculous in comparison and appeals to emotion.

"So I believe that this election has become in part so - so conflict-oriented, so intense because there's a lot at stake. This is not an ordinary time, and this is not an ordinary election. We are going to be choosing a president who will set policy for not just four or eight years, but because of some of the important decisions we have to make here at home and around the world, from the Supreme Court to energy and so much else, and so there is a lot at stake. It's one of the most consequential elections that we've had." Hillary Clinton.

An appeal to emotion is the manipulation of emotion in order to win an argument. In this example, Hillary Clinton creates a false sense of urgency and fear as support for her point that this election is different. The examples she uses do not prove that point: the person will be elected for 4 years; the appointment of a new Supreme Court judge is not something exceptional as Obama, Bush and Bill Clinton appointed two judges each; and energy has been on the table for at least the past two decades. This example also contains a circular argument fallacy since the main point, this election is important, is true by definition since all presidential elections are important.

"It was locker room talk, as I told you. That was locker room talk. I'm not proud of it. I am a person who has great respect for people, for my family, for the people of this country. And certainly, I'm not proud of it. But that was something that happened.If you look at Bill Clinton, far worse. Mine are words, and his was action. His was what he's done to women. There's never been anybody in the history politics in this nation that's been so abusive to women. So you can say any way you want to say it, but Bill Clinton was abusive to women." Donald Trump

An Ad Hominem is attacking the opponent's character, personality, race, or family rather than the content of the argument. In this example, Donald Trump attacks Bill Clinton, his opponent's husband, instead of answering to the argument levied against him on the comment he made about how he treats women. Ad hominem fallacies are also a form of red herring. This example also contains a "Tu Quoque (you too) fallacy" by claiming that if Bill Clinton did something similar or worse, then what Trump did would be "not so bad".

"TRUMP: Oh, you didn't delete them? CLINTON: It was personal e-mails, not official. TRUMP: Oh, 33,000? Yeah. CLINTON: Not - well, we turned over 35,000, so..."

Ignoratio elenchi is when a person presents an argument that might or might not be true but does not address the point being made. In this example, Donald Trump is questioning Hillary Clinton about the 33,000 emails that were deleted from her private email server. She answers by saying that they handed over 35,000 emails. Independently of the whether this is true or not, this does not address the 33,000 deleted emails and misses the point being made.

"We have to get rid of the lines around the state, artificial lines, where we stop insurance companies from coming in and competing, because they want - and President Obama and whoever was working on it - they want to leave those lines, because that gives the insurance companies essentially monopolies. We want competition. You will have the finest health care plan there is. [...] You're going to have plans that are so good, because we're going to have so much competition in the insurance industry." Donald Trump on what is wrong with Obamacare and how his plan will be better.

Fallacy of the single cause or causal oversimplification is when it is assumed that there is a single (or few in some cases) cause for an outcome when the topic is much more complex. In this example, Donald Trump makes the point that by removing border laws on insurance companies, competition will result in the finest health care plan there is which is an oversimplification of a much more complex problem (different incomes, different pathologies, price of healthcare...). It is important to note that during the whole exchange on the topic, this was the only argument made. Therefore, rendering a possibly valid argument an oversimplification. The example also includes overstatements which are not a logical fallacy but a literary device often used in politics.

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5 Logical Fallacies from the Second Clinton Trump Debate

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A logical fallacy is a flaw in reasoning that lead to false assertions. Let's look at 5 logical fallacies from the second presidential debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump held on Tuesday, October 4, 2016. "Y es, I'm very embarrassed by it. I hate it.

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Definition:
The red flag all natural is a strategy used to promote a product (medication, body products, food, etc) claiming that it uses "all natural" ingredients. The producers are implying that since the ingredients are "all natural" it is automatically a healthy choice which in many cases is false.
Connection:
In this article it lists all the claimed foods that are advertised to be healthy. Juice and smoothies are two important ones because often the fruit or puree used in them is "all natural" but this article points out that "Jamba Juice" for example doesn't use real fruit in the smoothies but they still promote it being a healthy choice.

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To be honest, there is a lot of false information out there when it comes to "healthy" foods. We're constantly influenced by social media and advertisements that don't always provide accurate information and, therefore, change our perception of food. Product labels provide some of the most misleading information because there is room for interpretation of what "all natural" and "100% whole wheat" actually mean.

Unfortunately, some of our favorite meals, snacks, and drinks - that we think are healthy - are in fact unhealthy. I hate to burst your bubble, but I've got some bad news that you're probably not going to want to hear, but I'm just looking out for you and your health. To be fair, the majority of the foods on this list can be homemade and, therefore, healthier because you know the exact ingredients.

1. Granola

Kristine Mahan

For those of you who didn't know, a serving size of granola is 1/4 cup. Chances are, you're not only eating a 1/4 cup of granola for breakfast so you're doubling or tripling the amount of sugar, calories, and carbohydrates and not getting enough fiber. Stick to granola that has healthy nuts, and a little sugar, like the one Alton Brown makes.

2. Gluten-Free Products (if you're not celiac)

Gluten-free products contain a variety of rice flours, starches, and additional sugar that aren't benefiting you nutritionally. If you aren't gluten-free, you shouldn't be eating these products because they usually contain more sugar and calories than normal gluten-filled food.

3. Dried Fruit

Hailey Nelson

Say Sayonara dried mango and pineapple because they're loaded with sugar. A serving of dried mango has 27g of sugar and contains unnecessary preservatives to extend the shelf life. Check out the nutrition facts of dried fruits before you go grocery shopping.

4. Anything "Sugar-Free"

Rebecca Li

Artificial sweeteners are bad for you. Some contain aspartame which is linked to inducing cancer, but some come from natural sources like agave plants. Be mindful of where your sugar-free products come from and opt for zero sugar instead.

5. Flavored Yogurt

Jessie Boden

When it comes to yogurt, choose plain or natural flavored over fruity flavors because 1) there is probably no actual fruit in your yogurt and 2) there is a lot more sugar.

6. Trail Mix

Tiare Brown

If you're like me, you pick out the M&M and mini chocolate peanut butter cups from the bag of trail mix and leave the raisins behind. The healthiest trail mix contains a mix of unsalted nuts, a bit of dark chocolate and a little fruit. Stay away from the sugar filled candy trail mixes if you're tryna be healthy.

7. Meal Replacement Bars

Emma Delaney

There's a good chance that your protein/power bar is as nutritious as a candy bar. Make sure to look at the nutritional information before you bite into your next cookies & cream meal replacement bar.

8. Frozen Yogurt

Kathleen Lee

This one is a hit or miss. The Natural flavor is the healthiest flavor option, but it all comes down to how much you pile on at the toppings bar. If you load up your natural froyo with candy and sugar, it's almost as bad starting with a sugary flavor of frozen yogurt. Plus, the mere size of the cup doesn't help when you're trying to stay healthy.

9. Anything "Fat-Free" or "Low-Fat"

Lara Schwieger

According to a recent UK study, low-fat/fat-free foods can contain up to 10% more calories and 40% more sugar. Fat usually equates to flavor, so when fat is removed, the flavor is lost. Companies add additional flavors and sugar to make up for the fat loss. You can read more about why you shouldn't eat low fat foods here.

10. Prepared Salads

Michelle Miller

Don't be fooled, just because it says "salad" doesn't mean it is the healthiest option. Most restaurant salads are doused in salad dressing which decreases the healthiness of a salad by a lot. The kale salad at Panera bread has 600 calories and 40g of sugar, that's more than the Little Cheeseburger at Five Guys.

11. Instant Oatmeal

Caroline Mackey

Maple Brown Sugar Instant Oatmeal contains 12g of sugar and 32g of carbohydrates. Instead, opt for a homemade bowl of oatmeal using 1/3 cup of instant oats contains only 0.37g of sugar and 18g of carbohydrates. To amp up a boring bowl of instant oats, try these recipes.

12. Salad Dressing

Brooke Van Waalwijk

All you need to make a healthy salad dressing is a little EVOO, balsamic vinegar, and lemon juice. There is no need for additional preservatives, flavorings or salts.

13. Microwave Popcorn

Sara Carte

There are so many bad ingredients in microwaved popcorn, it's unreal. Air-popped or stoved-pop popcorn is the perfect alternative because you can control the amount of oil and butter in the recipe and won't have to worry about the added trans-fat. If you can't get away from eating a bag of popcorn, don't worry you can make your own in an ol' brown bag.

14. Smoothies

Christin Urso

Okay, this one is a little tricky. The smoothies made at stores (like Jamba Juice) rarely contain real fruit and are packed with sugar and calories. However, smoothies made at home are much healthier, but when it comes to ingredients, there are certain ones to stay away from. Instead of using fruit juice as the liquid base, try using water, coconut water or even almond milk to prevent a big sugar rush.

15. Juice

Jocelyn Hsu

Juice is one of the worst drinks for you. If you're craving something tangy and fruity, you should just eat a piece of fruit because it contains fiber whereas juice only contains sugar even if it is 100% juice.

16. Sushi

Rebecca Block

I'm sorry, I really am. Some sushi is not bad for you, but the specialty rolls (like the California Roll and Rainbow roll) have 500 calories or more because they're filled with cream cheese, fake crab, and tempura shrimp. Check this list to see if your favorite sushi is healthy or nah.

17. Veggie Burgers

Parisa Soraya

If you look at the ingredients in a veggie burger, chances are they don't contain as many veggies as you think. Most burgers are made with rice, beans and are held together by a variety of oils and veggie proteins, but this veggie burger is 100% veggies and 0% oily.

18. Bottled Tea

Iced tea is a big culprit of hidden sugar. If you make iced tea at home it should have zero calories. However, when you buy store bought tea - like Arizona Ice Tea or Lipton Green Tea - you're getting an additional 27g of sugar and 100 more calories. Make your own iced tea and you will save calories and money.

19. Veggie Chips

Just because they're made with vegetables doesn't mean they aren't fried like normal potato chips. Baking, frying and even cooking vegetables removes some of their nutrients so if you're craving vegetables you should probably just eat them raw or make your own baked chips.

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19 Misleading Foods That Seem Healthy But Aren't

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To be honest, there is a lot of false information out there when it comes to "healthy" foods. We're constantly influenced by social media and advertisements that don't always provide accurate information and, therefore, change our perception of food.

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Definition:
The red flag ideological support is connected to religious beliefs and some people accept people's claims even if it shouldn't be morally or ethically justified.
Connection:
This documentary/interview deals with whether religious beliefs are more important than the law itself. This documentary regards children and their health, however, as stated in the interview many Idaho politicians believe that religious beliefs overrule the law. This causes the controversy of whether the court would consider some circumstances religious faith or child abuse when neglecting proper health care for children.

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Religious faith or child abuse? A new documentary investigates

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In Idaho, different belief structures collide, 'with lives hanging in the balance', says the film's producer, Jess Lichtenstein

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The red flag ancient wisdom is often attached to alternative medical therapies. It uses terms like ancient beings, and practices. This red flag is very dangerous.
Connection:
This video is about the culture of Peru and their ancient gods that are believed by many faithful Peruvians to be parts of the creation of the world.

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Post #7: Reason for Belief (unexplained)

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Post #7: Reason for Belief (unexplained)

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Definition:
The reason for belief unexplained deals with all the unknown factors in life.
Connection:
This website is your go-to for anything paranormal. It gives news about recent paranormal sightings and any news regarding the paranormal.

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Paranormal News, Recent Ghost Sightings & Evidence

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The latest news from the world of the paranormal and unexplained plus accounts of recent ghost sightings and analysis of evidence of hauntings.