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This was a period of creativity, of new ideas and inspiration. It lasted from 1350 through the 1500's. Renaissance is French for "rebirth."

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A religious reform movement. People called for church reform in other places. The reformation began in what is now Germany. People thought that the Roman Catholic church had became corrupt.

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Christians who broke from the catholic church over religious issues. Other reformers who followed Luther began creating churches of their own as well. The Roman Catholic church was no longer the only church in western Europe.

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A series of reforms. As part of the Catholic reformation, church leaders began focusing more on spiritual concerns and less on political power. They also worked to make church teachings easier for people to under stand.

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The New World was America. Excited by the new discovery, explorers set out from Europe to learn more about the new land. Led by Spain, explorers from Portugal, France, England, and the Netherlands set for North and South America.

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Means to travel the whole world. The first person to attempt this was Ferdinand Magellan a Portuguese sailor. Magellan sailed west from Spain around the southern tip of south America.

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They believed the use of reason could achieve three great goals, Knowledge, freedom, and happiness- and there by improve society. The use of reason shaping peoples ideas about society and politics defined a period called the Enlightenment. Because its focus on religion, this period is also known as the Age of Reason.

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In 1689 parliament further limited the Monarchs power. That year it approved the English Bill of rights. The English Bill of Rights lists rights for parliamentary and the English people.

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Great Britain had claimed they denied their rights. In July 1776 they signed the Declaration of Independence. Largely written by Thomas Jefferson, this document declared the American colones free from Great Britain.

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The government began arresting anyone who questioned the its rule to execute Louis XVI. The result was the Reign of Terror. The Reign of Terror was a bloody period of the French Revolution during which the government executed thousands of its opponent and others at the guillotine.

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Around the mid-1700s, everything changed. People began inventing machines to make goods and supply power. These machines completely changed the way people across Europe worked and lived. We called this period of rapid growth in machines-made goods the Industrial Revolution.

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Industrial growth began with textiles, or sloth products. In the early 1700s people made cloth by hand. They used spinning wheels to make thread and looms to weave it into cloth

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The growth of industry helped lead to a new economic system called, capitalism. In this system, Individuals own most businesses and resources. People invest money in businesses in the hope of making profit.

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Efforts to gain political power were led by suffragettes. Suffragettes are women who campaigned to gain the right to vote. In 1928 British suffragettes won the right to vote for women in Great Britain.