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You can express inspiring thoughts, strong opinions and share your ideas with the world.

·        Consider your options and ask yourself the following questions:

Your purpose: Why am I writing? (To entertain, to inform, to persuade, to inspire)

Your audience: Who are my readers? (Mates, teachers, friends, community members, Web users)

The best format: Which format will best suit my purpose and audience? (Essay, letter, poem, review, Web site)

·        Continue the process:

Prewriting: Explore your ideas and decide which are suitable (Listing, free writing, etc)

Drafting: Draft from an outline or draft to discover, or a story map.

Revising and Editing: Proof read for errors, ask your mates for suggestions

Publishing: Share your finished piece with others according to your choices.

Plot and Conflict

·        Part 1: Conflict – The fuel of a Story

A conflict is what dives a story forward from ita beginning to its end. There are two types of conflict:

An external conflict involves a struggle between the character and an outside force.

Character vs. Character; Character vs. Force of Nature; or Character vs. Society

An internal conclict is a struggle that takes place in the character’s own mind.

Character vs. Self.

·        Part 2: Plot

A plot, or the series of events  in a story, typically includes five stages:

ü  Exposition → Introduces the setting and characters; revealsthe conflict or sets the stage for it.

ü  Rising Action → Introduces obstacles that make the conflict more complicated; buils suspense.

ü  Climax → It is the turning point in the story; presents the conflict at its most intense and dramatic point.

ü  Falling Action → Reveals the outcome of the story’s climax; eases the tension; shows how the main character resolves the conflict

ü  Resolution →  Reveals the story final outcome; Ties up any loose ends.

·        Part 3: Analyze the literature

Use what you have learned about plot and conflict to analyze literature.

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Becoming an Active Reader

1.      ASK the right questions to enjoy and participate in the story.

·        Before Reading: Preview the selection and try to figure it out.

·        During Reading: Pause occasionally and monitor understanding.

·        After Reading: Analyze the selection and explore its keys ideas.

2.      MAKE connections. The conflicts and themes in literature can help you make sense of your own life.

·        Key Ideas. Think how these key ideas or big questions are relevant to your own life.

·        Discussion and journaling. Write briefly your thought and opinions as you read, and share them with others.

3.      RECORD your reactions on a Reader’s notebook. It can help you organize your ideas, questions, thoguhts and analysis.

Skills and Strategies for active reading:

·        Preview: Become familiar with the text before you start.

·        Set a purpose: think about how this affects your approach.

·        Connect: Find something you can personally relate to.

·        Use Prior Knowledge: Recall what you already know about the topic.

·        Predict: guess what will happen next.

·        Visualize: Get a clear picture of what is being described.

·         Monitor: Check you own understanding.

·        Make Inferences: Make logical guesses by considering the text and your own experience.

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1.      Fiction: It refers to stories about made-up events and characters. Good fiction guarantees a stirring plot, a vivid setting, and compelling characters.

·        Short stories focus  on a single event or incident.

·        Novels weave together many different events, storylines and characters.

·        Novellas feature a limited number of characters.

i)       Poetry: Words are chosen and arranged carefully to achieve specific effects.  They are made up of lines, which are often arraged into groups of stanzas. In poetry, sounds and language are just as important as form: they build its rhythm and rhyme.

ii)      Drama: Any work that is written to be performed on  a stage. It shares all the elements of good fiction, but it is usually divided into scenes, with several scenes grouped into acts. It is primarily written as dialogue between characters. The setting, the movements and props are written in italics as stage directions.

2.      Non- fiction: It tells about real people, events and places.

·        An Autobiography and a Biography tell the true story of a person’s life, told by that person or by another person respectively.

·        An Essay focuses on a single subject. It may be written in a formal style, with an academic tone, or in an informal style, with a conversational tone.

·        A Speech  is an oral presentation of the ideas, beliefs or proposals. Relies on powerful language, the speaker’s voice and gestures.

·        News and Feature Aritcles report on recent events or offer detailed coverage of different topics. They are intended to inform or entertain.

·        Functional documents serve a practical purpose.  Consumer documents, user manuals, résumés.

3.      Media: It refers to forms of communication that reach large numbers of people. They influence your beliefs and actions much more than you realize.

·        Feature films are motion pictures that use narrative elements to tell stories. They created for entertaiment and to make money.  They areat least one hour in length.

·        News Media accounts of current events in newspapers, magazines, television, the radio and the Web. They are disigned to inform and entertain viewers. They can include bias and inaccuracies.

·        TV Shows are programs broadcast on television, including drama, sitcoms, documentaries and reality shows. They are sponsored by advertisers (commercial breaks). They use camera techniques and music to make stories more compelling.

·        Advertising. Paid promotion of products, services, candidates. It is designed to persuade a target audience to buy a product, use a service or agree with an idea.

·        Web Sites. “Pages” on teh World Wide Web. They present information through text, graphics, audio, animation, and interactive features.