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Anyone know where I can find information on materials and pipe sizing for drainage systems

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Anyone know where I can find information on materials and pipe sizing for drainage systems

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which means that more money has to be spent not only on initially installing the system but also on repairing it. Added to this the chance of the structure being flooded if there is a fault with the water storage tank  which can lead to a  massive cost in order to repair it.  Added to this is that the size of the house means that more money has to be spent simply accruing such a structure that is even capable of holding the indirect system in the first place. 

The other disadvantage is that there is a serious risk of contamination and risk to health as water has a high risk of being unsatisfactory for human use, due to animals which will use such water for their use which will lead to not only contamination. There is also the risk of building materials falling in the water storage tank such as insulation but especially the risk of Asbestos if the house is of an older make which is more likely due to the fact that 70% of UK households have a direct system  which means in correlation due to the time it was introduced that the older a house is, the more likely it is to have asbestos within it's construction which is also more likely to coincide with a building having an indirect system
There will still be a reserve of water
There will still be a reserve of water
Indirect water syste
Indirect wate

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The system is under high pressure which means that the water comes out with a lot of force

Con
If your pipes are not secured properly the crash of the water stopping in the pipes and shake and loosen them

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Con:
-If the water tank (which are usually found in attics) is left for a long time without getting checked on or even not having a lid on it , animals such as rats could get into the tank which could lead to contamination such as legionella.

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There is an Increased chance of water contamination due to the storage of water

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pros:
- if a leak happens then you could shut it all of easily
- even if the water supply to the property is cut off, there's still a reserve of water.
cons:
- water pressure is weak
- useless in small buildings

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Pros:
You can use more than one hot water appliance at once.
More control over the water with stop valves etc.
Easy to shut off if a leak happens.
Have some water left if a service pipe is shut off (in the tank).
Maintenance cost.
Won't leak out at such a rate if there is a leak compared to direct system.

Cons:
Water pressure can be weak.
Water in the tank can cause legionella.
More expensive to install.
Tank can be left exposed to rats and bats, for example, if lid has been left off.

Pro and Con:
Uses gravity which is good as no pressure is needed, but is bad if you have a small building such as a bungalow as there is no height for the gravity.

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Pros:
Can have more control over the water
More than one hot water appliance
Used in big buildings
Cons:
Water in a tank
Can cause Legionellas Disease
Too many parts to put in
More expensive to install
Less pressure from Indirect than Direct

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Can use hot water and central heating at the same time

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pros - can use more than one domestic hot water appliance at the same time
barely any water pressure needed as most water naturally falls down by gravity

cons - has more components than direct
water can get contaminated in the storage tank
indirect takes up a lot of space in the house
water pressure is weak

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water tends to trickle out at the start so the overall pressure is low.
also the water tank in the loft can be cumbersome and take up alot of valuable loft space also its not uncommon for plumbers to forget to put the lid back on the tank leaving the water exposed for urban animals to get in and possibly contaminate your supply. also legionaires disease can occur if the water gets stale as this can cause bacteria to harbor in it,
more components typically equal a greater likihood of faults and leaks occuring
higher maintenace costs
pro
you can still get supply of water even if stopcock is shut off

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water damage is very expensive to repair if a leak occurs.

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You cannot heat up domestic hot water and the central heating system at the same time.

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Pros:
Always have a good amount of pressure around the building
Have less components to put in a direct system
Can stop water if you have a leak, stops the whole system.
Cons:
Only has one source of stop value to stop mains pressure
Water Pressure is EXPENSIVE to repair
Can wear down parts of pipe and repair can long

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Pros:
No need for a water tank or cylinder, less of a chance for leaks.
Uses mains pressure and constant.

Cons:
Uses more fuel to heat.
If you have a leak, it floods because of it being mains pressure.
Expensive to repair.
The mains pressure wears away at the parts, so the parts don't last as long.

Pro and Con
One stop valve controls the whole system. You have to stop the whole system, not just one part.

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pros :
- water pressure will be high
- fresh water would be constant
cons :
- Pipes have leakage due to high pressures.
- your house may flood if theres a leak because the time to shut of the whole water ststem the amount of water that will be gushing out is unbelievable.

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pro:high pressure of water pro: is very fast to heat up
con:lack of temperature control pro: dont need a tank

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pros are that there are less actual components so theres a greatly reduced likihood of leaks and faults occuring
also all water comes in at mains pressure so water wont come out slowly dripping
cons are that

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You would use a direct system where space is limited due to the absence of a tank and cylinder.

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An indirect water system would be the best option if the house was 3 storys it has the space required to house a water tank and because of the buildings height and the gravity will influence the water pressure to icrease.

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you would use a direct water system for a bungalow as there is barely any gravity to let the water fall down as it is only 1 story. using a bungalow for a direct system means that not much water pressure needs to be used in order for the water to get from one place to another

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You would use an direct systems in modern domestic buildings such as Homes or Flats as it has many stores and has good amount of pressure of 1.7 bar which it direct the water across the building and an indirect system would be best used in a one story buildings and you wouldn't need that much pressure if you have many stories and gravity is 9.81.

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1.7 bar

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You would use an indirect system in buildings that are high. This is because they rely on gravity. They also need to have space to store the water tank at the top of the building. Therefore it wouldn't be used in a building such as a bungalow.
You would use a direct water system where the mains pressure of 1.7 bar is enough, for example a bungalow where there is only one floor so there wouldn't be enough height for the gravity. You would also use a direct system where space is limited, as there is not enough space to store the water tank and cylinder.

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you would use an indirect system in flats as they are quite high so the water can easily fall under the influence of gravity.
you would use a direct system in a modern day house as the pressure is far higher vs an indirect system so you can perform tasks much more easily, moreover they can be used in a bungalow as there is not enough loft space for a water tank to be fitted.

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you would find a direct water system in a bungalow or a one bathroom house. whereas in an indirect system you would find them in a 3 story house where there is more than 2 bathrooms. examples kitchens, bathrooms.

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Indirect water systems require a large amount of space to run efficiently, as they require a loft space which can be undesirable to add to that the pipes required for the system are larger and longer making the cost of fitting expensive.

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one main disadvantage of indirect system is the risk of stagnation and contamination that comes with keeping a large quantity of water open to the atmosphere.

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one main disadvantage of indirect system is the risk of stagnation and contamination that comes with keeping a large quantity of water open to the atmosphere.

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Indirect water systems take a lot of space and take much longer to install. This means that it is often a struggle to accommodate a water storage tanks in a property. Also this system requires more piper work and larger pipes this is not cost efficient and it is time consuming install.

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legionalles
legioneles
that disease is bad and is caused when water is left in a tank and becaomes stale.

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Some cons are:
They require more space than the direct system which some homes don't have.
It will be more expensive because the tank requires money.
You have to regularly operate and maintain pumps.
The tank will always need maintenance and could create problems with leakages.

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The water in the tank can become stagnant if not used for a certain period of time and therefore can lead to diseases.

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The water in the tank can become stagnant if not used for a certain period of time and therefore can lead to diseases.

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The first disadvantage is that it is more expensive, this is due to the fact that there are more physical pipes in the house which means that more money has to be spent not only on initially installing the system but also on repairing it. Added to this the chance of the structure being flooded if there is a fault with the water storage tank  which can lead to a  massive cost in order to repair it.  Added to this is that the size of the house means that more money has to be spent simply accruing such a structure that is even capable of holding the indirect system in the first place.

The other disadvantage is that there is a serious risk of contamination and risk to health as water has a high risk of being unsatisfactory for human use, due to animals which will use such water for their use which will lead to not only contamination. There is also the risk of building materials falling in the water storage tank such as insulation but especially the risk of Asbestos if the house is of an older make which is more likely due to the fact that 70% of UK households have a direct system  which means in correlation due to the time it was introduced that the older a house is, the more likely it is to have asbestos within it's construction which is also more likely to coincide with a building having an indirect system

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Indirect systems are useful as you can cut off water supply in certain sanitary areas of a property. Instead of completely shutting off water supply from the mains pipe.

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Indirect systems are useful as you can cut off water supply in certain sanitary areas of a property. Instead of completely shutting off water supply from the mains pipe.

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Indirect water systems don't strain the pipes because they use gravity to transfer water around the house instead of mains water pressure.

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one advantage of an indirect system is that there is a water reserve so if the water is cut of you can still use taps and showers

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One main advantage wold be that there is still a supply of water even if the water supply is cut off.

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One main advantage wold be that there is still a supply of water even if the water supply is cut off.

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Some pros are:
If the mains are damaged for a short time the water tank can still be used to transfer water to users.
There is no threat of pipe burst
Indirect water supply system, impose less pressure on distribution network, as rising main is not connected to all fixtures directly.

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A pro is that there will be some water even if the mains is cut off

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the main advantage indirect system is that even if the water supply to the property is cut off, there's still a reserve of water. For example, you'll still be able to flush the toilet until the loft cistern is empty. 

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the main advantage indirect system is that even if the water supply to the property is cut off, there's still a reserve of water. For example, you'll still be able to flush the toilet until the loft cistern is empty. 

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if the mains is damaged then you still have a water tank for back-up

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you can cut of the water from certain areas insted of shutting the whole thing down

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The advantages of an indirect system are as follows:

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The advantages of an indirect system are as follows:

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The first advantage of the system is that it is able deliver a larger supply of hot water to multiple different appliances at the same time. While less useful in smaller residential locations in a large area such as an office block or somewhere else there greater capacity means that there is going to be a directly proportional relation into  that of use which means that there is going to be higher use. Because of this it is going to be essential that more hot water is delivered which can be achieved by the indirect system due to inverse square law of gravity allowing for a greater distribution.

The second advantage is that the indirect system is able to hold a certain capacity of water. In time when an emergency has occurred, having a certain capacity of water can be useful as it may be time before the system can be repaired allowing for a limited amount of time of people still being able to reside within the area. Also it means should there be a fault in the direct supply, the remaining capacity can still be used until it has ran out.

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A indirect water system would be the best option as a tower-block has the space required to house a water tank and because of the buildings height the gravity will be stronger meaning that the water pressure will be better.

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It's an advantage because the gravity will help the water flow much easier. People there will ask for hot water instantly and the indirect system can provide that.

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it would be more advantageous to use an indirect system because an indirect system needs gravity and a tower block has the gravity that is needed due to the height of the building

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yes it would be as indirect system works with gravity. As this is a high rise building there is a lot of  gravity which means the water flow will be better throughout the building.

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yeah because the gravity would be stronger and water flow would help it to travel 

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yeah because the gravity would be stronger and water flow would help it to travel 

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indirect would be better because gravity has a greater affect on the water flow

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indirect would be better because gravity has a greater affect on the water flow

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Yeah cuz the gravity is stronger and the water flow is stronger

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We would use an indirect system in a tower block because such a system relies upon the use of gravity and having enough space to install it. Due to the height of a tower block it is able to meet those requirements something which is vital as due to multiple occupants it will also be able to serve more people as there is a higher demand for hot water all at the same time whereas a single direct system will not be able to serve multiple people and therefore multiple direct systems would have to be installed which would rise the price of installation and increase the likelihood of malfunction.

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We would use an indirect system in a tower block because such a system relies upon the use of gravity and having enough space to install it. Due to the height of a tower block it is able to meet those requirements something which is vital as due to multiple occupants it will also be able to serve more people as there is a higher demand for hot water all at the same time whereas a single direct system will not be able to serve multiple people and therefore multiple direct systems would have to be installed which would rise the price of installation and increase the likelihood of malfunction.

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I’m living in a tower block....would it be more advantageous to use an indirect system, incorporating a tank?
Why do you think this may be the case?

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Hi all, using this padlet, I want you all to think of pros and cons of what is required for your Distinction answer

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Hi all, using this padlet, I want you all to think of pros and cons of what is required for your Distinction answer

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Okay i've spoken with Keiran directly. The word document under task 3 IS the paper based quiz. He wants us to double up our knowledge by doing it twice.

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Okay i've spoken with Keiran directly. The word document under task 3 IS the paper based quiz. He wants us to double up our knowledge by doing it twice.

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Hi Kieran,
I am a little confused about what to do in task 3 as it seems to be the same as task 1

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Introduction to Central Heating (Accessibility Version)

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where do i find the online paper based quiz

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where do i find the online paper based quiz

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how do i find the online paper based quiz

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how do i find the online paper based quiz

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how do i find the online paper based quiz

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how do i find the online paper based quiz

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how do i find the online paper based quiz

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I need some help on pipework regards to the diameter of the pipes and why specific sizes used for different systems

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I'm confused about what needs to be done in  task 3 

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I'm confused about what needs to be done in  task 3 