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Q1: Write out the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep. Give a brief description of each layer. Add picture and cite source! (CJ)

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Q1: Write out the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep. Give a brief description of each layer. Add picture and cite source! (CJ)

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Stratum Corneum- 20 to 30 layers of dead skin
Stratum Lucidum- only in thick layers of skin
Stratum granulosum- granules
Stratum spinosum- most layers. Where keratin is located
Stratum basale- as cells age they become superficial.

Picture= www.cosmotruth.wordpress.com

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Q2: Location of meloncytes and overall function. Add picture and sources. (Mary)

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Q2: Location of meloncytes and overall function. Add picture and sources. (Mary)

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- Meloncytes are found in the stratum basale and there function is to synthesize melanin. (Mrs. Pod's Powerpoint)

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Q3: How does melanin function differ between people closest to the equator vs furthest from the equator? Add pictures and sources. (CJ)

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Q3: How does melanin function differ between people closest to the equator vs furthest from the equator? Add pictures and sources. (CJ)

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People closer to the equator typically have more melanin to protect them from the sun while people who reside farther from the equator produce less melanin because the sun is not directly on them.

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Q4: How is vitamin D synthesized in the body? (Zahra)

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Q4: How is vitamin D synthesized in the body? (Zahra)

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-The skin cells contain a molecule that converts to vitamin D when it comes in contact with the Sun's rays. Then the vitamin flows into the bloodstream and into the liver and kidneys where it turns into Calcitriol (activated vitamin D) and is then circulated to the bones of the body.

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Q5: What are the benefits of vitamin D? What happens if you are vitamin D deficient? (Zahra)

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Q5: What are the benefits of vitamin D? What happens if you are vitamin D deficient? (Zahra)

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-Vitamin D helps the bones produce more bone cells, it is important for calcium regulation, and the maintenance of healthy bones and teeth. If someone is vitamin D deficient they may experience difficulty thinking clearly, bone pain, frequent bone fractures, muscle weakness, soft bones that may result in deformities, and unexplained fatigue.
Info from: http://www.healthline.com/health/vitamin-d-deficiency#Symptoms2

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Q6: Is there a correlation with vitamin deficiency and amount of melanin in the skin (Zahra)

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Q6: Is there a correlation with vitamin deficiency and amount of melanin in the skin (Zahra)

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-Yes, the Sun's rays is what the molecule in our skin cells use to convert to vitamin d, if there isn't enough sun in a particular area the person will have vitamin d deficiency and the amount of melanin would be lower. The amount of melanin would be lower because it wouldn't have that much sun to protect the body from.

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Q7: Is there a correlation with skin cancer and the amount of melanin in the skin? (Mary)

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Q7: Is there a correlation with skin cancer and the amount of melanin in the skin? (Mary)

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- Absolutely although it depends on where the individual lives. In regions where ultraviolet radiation is most intense, having more melanin (more shielding from the sun) is favorable. For example, in European areas, uropeans would be ten times as likely to get skin cancer than African Americans. (www.arthro.palomar.edu)