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Hannah Varghese, Aadhav Ilangovan, Krish Chaudhary, Nikhil Patwardhan, Hudson Hong

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Karl Marx (May 5, 1818 - March 14, 1883) was a Russian philosopher, social theorist, and economist who is considered the "Father of Communism." He wrote a book named "The Communist Manifesto" that focuses on the socioeconomic ideas that would lead to the Russian Revolution. His main point was the struggle between a laissez-faire capitalist economic system and the common person. He stated that in this system, the upper class capitalists have a very exploitative advantage against the people, and would ultimately create a poor population and immense class conflict. His solution? Communism. A socioeconomic system in which everybody works, everything is publicly owned, and everyone shares equally and paid according to abilities and needs.

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Martial law declared in the Russian Empire

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Due to the upsets of the first World War and Tsar Nicholas II's policies, economic hardship fell on the nation. Food became scarce and riots broke out.

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Tsar Nicholas II abdicates the throne.

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March 8, 1917 – March 16, 1917 - The February Revolution

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March 8, 1917 – March 16, 1917 - The February Revolution

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The February Revolution begins in Saint Petersburg on International Women's Day. In the revolution, the monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the Provisional Government.

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Vladimir Lenin publishes his April Theses, condemning the Provisional Government for its incapacity to call an end to the "imperialist" war that Russia found itself in. He calls for a further revolution in Russia.

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November 7, 1917 – June 16, 1923 - Bolshevik Revolution (October Revolution)

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November 7, 1917 – June 16, 1923 - Bolshevik Revolution (October Revolution)

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The Bolshevik Revolution came when the Petrograd Soviets and the Provisional Government came into power after the Tsar was overthrown. The Provisional Government was also unpopular with the people, so the Petrograd Soviets (becoming the Communist party under Vladimir Lenin), took over completely and made Russia the Communist Power we all are familiar with.

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Nov 7, 1917 – Oct 25, 1922 - The Russian Civil War

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Nov 7, 1917 – Oct 25, 1922 - The Russian Civil War

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The Russian Civil War was a conflict between the newly establihed Bolshevik government, based upon the political ideologies of socialist and marxist-lenninism. To secure control, Moscow began to elimate the menshevik personnel and any personnel who had revolutionary ideals in mind from the government. Through the Cheka, the secret Bolshevik forces, the Red Terror ensued. Many who were killed or imprisoned by the Cheka under anti-nationalist suspicions to ensure the Bolsheviks dominance in the greater Russian poltiical landscape. Anti-bolshevik movements still ensued in western territories such as Ukraine.

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March 3, 1918 - Treaties of Brest-Litovsk

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March 3, 1918 - Treaties of Brest-Litovsk

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Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman, ending their WWI participation. The treaty stated that the Central Powers would gain territory as the war ended. However, the treaty was invalid since the Allied Powers declared their victory months later. Meaning, the Central Powers were forced to give back their conquered territory.

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A reform was necessary in order to liberate Russian citizens from the controlling Monarchy and establish a socialist Provisional Government. This government maintained essential government resources and especially bolstered Russian assets of war. The revolution pushed for a government based on communism which was proven to be more suitable for Russia.