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Revivals set the stage for equally enthusiastic social reform movements, especially abolitionism and temperance.
Evangelicalism played an important role in shaping American religion and culture.
Charles Finney was the most famous revivalist of the Second Great Awakening. He did not just lead revivals but marketed and spread them.

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Revivals were the awakening of spirituality and religious devotion.
Evangelicalism takes the Bible for real and believes in Jesus Christ as their Lord and Savior.
Charles Finney was an American Prebysterian minister and leader during the 2nd Great Awakening in the US. He rejected Reformed theology.

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Horace Mann was the father of American education. He was a major force behind establishing unified school systems.
Dorothea Dix was a 19th century activist who drastically changed the medical field. She rose causes for both the mentally ill and indigenous populations.

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Horace Mann worked to establish a varied curriculum that excluded sectarian instruction. Dorothea Dix was an American advocate for the mentally ill. She created the first generation of American mental asylums. She also served as a Superintendent of Army Nurses.

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Seneca Falls was the birthplace of American feminism.
The Declaration of Sentiments dramatized the denial of citizenship of the elite women when the early republic's founding documents privileged only white males.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton forever changed the political and social landscape of the US by succeeding in guaranteeing rights for women and slaves.
Lucretia Mott was a strong advocate for ending slavery. She became the first president of the American Equal Rights Association.

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Seneca Falls is a place located in Seneca County. It was founded in 1831. The Declaration of Sentiments stated that "all men and women are created equal." Elizabeth Cady Stanton was an American writer and rights activist who was one of the leaders of the women's rights movements in the US during the 19th century. Lucretia Mott was an American Quaker that fought for women's rights and advocated for ending slavery. She formed the idea of reforming the position of women when excluded from the World Anti-Slavery Convention in 1840.

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The Know-Nothing Party was the first party to leverage economic concerns over immigration as a major part of their group.
German/Irish immigrants fought hard to overcome oppression in America, just like black people.
NY anti-immigrant gangs made it hard for immigrants to live their life in peace in the US.

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The goal of the Know-Nothing Party was to combat foreign influences and to uphold and promote traditional American ways. German and Irish immigration started from the 1820s to the 1840s. Gangs started to form that combated and defied the immigration of such people.

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Minstrelsy was a completely racist way of oppressing the freedom of black people.
The Female Reform Society was one of the first national organizations for women. It was the beginning of women's freedom actually becoming a possible thing.
The Temperance Movement had concerns for both the general socials ills with religious sentiment and practicing health considerations.
Commercialized sex was a root cause of evil.

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Minstrelsy was American entertainment that included comedic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music, and the actors consisted of white people black-facing themselves demonstrating that "black people were buffoons." The Female Moral Reform Society focused on issues like temperance and legal reform. They did their best to combat prostitution as well. The Temperance Movement was dedicated to promoting moderation and complete abstinence through alcohol. Commercialized sex would be the same thing as prostitution during this time period.

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Brigham Young led the migration west in 1846-1847 to the Rocky Mountains and founded Salt Lake City.
The Mormon Trail was made which made a path for the opening up of continental US.
Religious persecution was a leading cause of migration and reformations.
The First Amendment guaranteed freedom of speech due to the suppression of Congress's power.

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Brigham Young was an American religious leader and politician. He was the second president of the LDS Church, leading his fellow Mormon pioneers. The Mormon Trail is a 1,300-mile long route that stretches from Illinois to Utah. In a clear definition, religious persecution is "the systematic mistreatment of an individual or a group of individuals as a response to their religious beliefs or affiliations or their lack thereof." In summary it is mistreating a belief that you do not agree with or is too small to even fight back against you. The First Amendment states that Congress make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting its free exercise.

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Shakers composed thousands of songs and created many dances.
Oneida was the first ally to America when they joined colonists in their fight for independence during the Revolutionary War.

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The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing(Shakers) were the first successful American communal movement. They were known for their ecstatic dances. Oneida was the location of the relocated community of the perfectionists in 1848.

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Transcendentalism led to the celebration of the American experiment of individualism and self-reliance.
Ralph Waldo Emerson is the father of American Literature.
Henry David Thoreau is an important contributor to transcendentalism. His essays and books connect to the nature and conduct of life.
Leaves of Grass could be considered as America's second Declaration of Independence.

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Transcendentalism was an intellectual movement that occurred in New England. The first advocates of it were Unitarian ministers from New England families who questioned the restrictions of Puritan heritage so they turned to European romanticism. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a Unitarian, meaning he believed that God was a single being, not a trinity of the Holy Spirit and Jesus Christ. He resigned as a Boston pulpit and rejected all organized religion; he went so far as to move to Concord, Massachusetts, and wrote essays about "the infinitude of the private man." Henry David Thoreau, a young New England intellectual, built a cabin near Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts, and lived alone for two years. He published Walden, or Life in the Woods, searching for meaning beyond society. An artist named Walt Whitman wrote a book called Leaves of Grass, which was about his concern to explore, discuss, and celebrate his own self, individuality, and personality.