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How we learn orthographic mapping - Five from Five

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Orthographic mapping defined When we have seen and read a word many times, it is stored in long term memory as a unique letter string and can be read instantly. This process is referred to as 'orthographic mapping' (Ehri, 2015). Orthography is the spelling system of a language.

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Copy of Maximizing the Effects of Small Group Instruction

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Free Decodable Story Generator for the Science of Reading · Project Read

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Generate a decodable story compatible with any Science of Reading-based phonics curriculum for free. Download a student-friendly PDF in seconds.

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Reading words in isolation is important practice for building proficiency, but students also need ample practice in reading connected text. We have created plentiful materials for teaching a range of reading skills, but we do not provide passages or books. Instead, we recommend you use whatever di…

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FreeReading is an open-source instructional program that helps educators teach early literacy. FreeReading contains a 40-week scope and sequence that can supplement an early literacy core or basal program.

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Instructional Activities Irregular and High Frequency Words

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Instructional Activities Irregular and High Frequency Words

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Many common words present challenges to children because they are irregular in some way. An irregular word is a word that presents a challenge for decoding. These words contain elements that do not follow the most common letter-sound correspondences. Some words are permanently irregular. In these words, the sounds of the letters are unique to that word or to a very small number of words. Other words are temporarily irregular. This means that the student has not yet learned the letter-sound correspondences in the word.

Although irregular words can be challenging, there are effective methods for teaching them. The good news is that, in most common irregular words, only one or two letters don't adhere to expected phoneme-grapheme correspondences. This means children can learn to decode most of the word, and they only have to learn one or two letters "by heart." The Heart Words materials below can be used to teach irregular words this way. This approach can promote children's orthographic mapping.

Once an irregular word has been introduced and taught, which includes sounding out the decodable parts and recognizing the part(s) that need to be learned by heart, flash cards can be an effective tool for practice. For many readers, irregular words are committed to memory after only a few (1-4) exposures. A struggling reader may need 20 or more exposures to the same word before it can be recognized on sight.

Here's a helpful article about teaching irregular words.
https://www.readingrockets.org/article/new-model-teaching-high-frequency-words
Irregular "Heart" Words

This collection of "heart word"slides contains some words that are permanently irregular and others that are temporarily irregular. Each slide includes teacher guidance in the notes section to explain the irregularities in the word. You can also download and print these Heart Word Cards on card stock.
Heart Word Slides (PowerPoint) Heart Word Slides (Google Slides) Heart Word Tutorial
Irregular Word Cards

We also have traditional irregular or "hot" word flash cards and word slides for reviewing with children.
Irregular Word Flash Cards (PowerPoint) Irregular Word Flash Cards (Google Slides) Irregular Word Slides (Powerpoint) Irregular Word Slides (Google Slides)
Tutorials and Sample Lessons
Sample Lesson - Irregular Words

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Irregular and High Frequency Words | UF Literacy Institute

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Many common words present challenges to children because they are irregular in some way. An irregular word is a word that presents a challenge for decoding. These words contain elements that do not follow the most common letter-sound correspondences. Some words are permanently irregular.

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Read and Write Irregularly Spelled Words

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Read and Write Irregularly Spelled Words

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Instructional Activities Decoding and Encoding

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Instructional Activities Decoding and Encoding

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Decoding and Encoding

Once children learn some phoneme-grapheme correspondences, they can begin decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling) words. The activities included in this section are designed to help children apply their phoneme-grapheme knowledge to decoding and/or encoding.

In addition to these activities, we have word lists and virtual word cards you can use for practice. You can also use the Phinder tool to generate your own words for practice.

To find out more about how children learn to read words, click here.

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Decoding and Encoding | UF Literacy Institute

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Once children learn some phoneme-grapheme correspondences, they can begin decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling) words. The activities included in this section are designed to help children apply their phoneme-grapheme knowledge to decoding and/or encoding. In addition to these activities, we have word lists and virtual word cards you can use for practice.

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Word Chains for Decoding and Encoding Practice

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Word Chains for Decoding and Encoding Practice

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Word Chains for Decoding and Encoding Practice

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Second Grade and Third Grade Student Center Activities Phonemic Awareness | Phonics | Fluency | Vocabulary | Comprehension

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FreeReading is an open-source instructional program that helps educators teach early literacy. FreeReading contains a 40-week scope and sequence that can supplement an early literacy core or basal program.

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Note that the hiatus from +45 to +54 is intentional in order to let the earlier phonological awareness skills consolidate before progressing to the later skills which are phonological awareness/phonics crossover activities. If you feel students are ready, you can progress straight from +44 to +55.

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Note that the hiatus from +45 to +54 is intentional in order to let the earlier phonological awareness skills consolidate before progressing to the later skills which are phonological awareness/phonics crossover activities. If you feel students are ready, you can progress straight from +44 to +55.

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The scripted lessons in this packet provide the teacher with a simple, fun method of teaching students the most important phonological skills: phoneme blending and segmenting. The premise is that communicating with Robbie the Robot requires the student to blend and segment. Robbie can only say words one sound at a time, which requires students to blend sounds to figure out what he said. He can also only "understand" words when the student says them one sound at a time, which requires the child to segment sounds.For young children, this explanation tends to be very accessible.
Robbie the Robot Lesson (PDF) Robbie the Robot Image (PowerPoint) Robbie the Robot Image (Google Slide)

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Phonemic Awareness | UF Literacy Institute

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The scripted lessons in this packet provide the teacher with a simple, fun method of teaching students the most important phonological skills: phoneme blending and segmenting. The premise is that communicating with Robbie the Robot requires the student to blend and segment.

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Foundational Literacy Skills Lesson Plan Example

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Foundational Literacy Skills Lesson Plan Example

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Fourth and Fifth Grade | Florida Center for Reading Research

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Fourth Grade and Fifth Grade Student Center Activities Advanced Phonics | Fluency | Vocabulary | Comprehension

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As educators, we are always learning and growing in order to improve reading instruction. It can be challenging to sift through the many resources available, so we have created a list for you. The following includes a list of 30 resources for educators who wish to further their knowledge about the Science of Reading.

5 "Must See" Resources to Get Started
1. EAB Report: Narrowing the 3rd Grade Reading Gap (10 minute read)
A research brief for educators embracing the science of reading from the EAB District Leadership Forum. This is an accessible read for educators who want to learn more and implement classroom instruction that is aligned to the science of reading.

2. Of 'Hard Words' and Straw Men: Let's Understand What Reading Science is Really About by Louisa Moats (5 minute read)

An article about what the Science of Reading really entails and how important it is to really have an understanding of the components of foundational literacy instruction in order to implement them effectively into the classroom.

3. Hard Words: Why Aren't Kids Being Taught to Read? (45 minute listen)
Emily Hanford, educational journalist has researched reading instruction across the US. Her findings sparked conversations about The Science of Reading and how we can improve reading proficiency in the US. 4. Videos: Is My Kid Learning to Read? (Part 1 and Part 2; 26 minutes) How many students are being taught to read in the classroom can be eye-opening for parents. Watch this two-part video series to learn more about how students may be learning to read and how to best support them as they continue to learn to read. 5. Reading Rockets website
Okay, we kind of cheated with #5, but if you read nothing else on Reading Rockets, be sure to check out their articles on Phonological and Phonemic Awareness and Why Phonological Awareness is Important for Reading and Spelling .

Infographics

6. The Ladder of Reading by Nancy Young

7. Scarborough's Reading Rope

"The genesis of the Reading Rope dates back to Scarborough's lectures for parents on the complexities involved in learning to read. Originally, she spoke of skilled reading as resembling the 'strands' of a rope, using pipe cleaners to illustrate the interconnectedness and interdependence of all the components."

8. How Our Brains Learn to Read

Our brains are naturally set up to learn to speak, but learning to read does not happen on its own. Scientists have found that we must develop certain parts of our brains and build connections between brain areas that were not connected before. The picture (below) shows four different areas of our brains that we use when we read.

Podcasts

9. Educate by APM Reports

Stories about education, opportunity, and how people learn. Emily Hanford podcasts are recommended and two favorites are listed below:

At a Loss for Words (52 minutes; published Aug. 22, 2019)

National Assessment Shows More K-12 Students Struggling to Read (25 minutes; published Nov. 1, 2019)

10. Glean Education: Research to Practice

Dive into current research, hot topics, and success stories with our two podcast series for educators.

Why Phonological Awareness is Important to Reading? (23 minutes; published Jan. 3, 2019)

How to Make Sight Word Instruction and Reading Intervention More Effective ( 50 minutes published Oct. 1, 2020)

11. Science of Reading: The Podcast by Amplify Education

The latest insights from researchers and practitioners in early reading. Each episode takes a conversational approach and explores a timely topic related to the science of reading.

12. Teaching, Reading & Learning: The Podcast by The Reading League

Listen to speakers who have made important contributions to the educational community as they discuss reading and writing, but connect to other "literacies" that impact children's learning .

Websites, Blogs & Webinars

13. The Reading League

The Reading League is a non-profit organization focused on the mission to advance awareness, understanding, and use of evidence-based reading instruction.

14. Right to Read Project

A group of teachers, researchers, and activists committed to the pursuit of equity through literacy.

15. Louisa Moats

A website from Literacy Expert, Louisa Moats, includes webinars, blogs, and articles for educators committed to best practices in literacy instruction.

16. The Literacy Nest

Emily Gibbons, certified dyslexia practitioner and creator of The Literacy Nest shares resources for instruction for struggling readers.

17. CORE Learn

The Consortium on Reaching Excellence is Education (CORE) provides many excellent resources and free professional learning opportunities.

18. The Learning Spark

A kindergarten teacher who shares her experience along with many resources in the areas of literacy.

19. Education Week

A website sharing in-depth information and research serving K-12 education.

Articles & Research

20. Developing Early Literacy: Report of the National Early Literacy Panel (2008)

21. Report of the National Reading Panel: Teaching Children to Read (2000)

22. Learning to Read: Center for Early Reading (

23. Teaching Reading Is Rocket Science: What Expert Teachers of Reading Should Know and Be Able to Do, 2020 by Louisa Moats, published by the American Federation of Teachers (AFT)

Teacher Resources

24. Florida Center for Reading Research: FCRR

25. University of Florida Literacy Institute: UFLI

26. The Simple View of Reading

Professional Books

27. Speech to Print by Louisa Moats (2014)

28. Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties by David Kilpatrick (2015)

29. Phonics from A to Z by Wiley Blevins (2017)

30. Beginning to Read: Thinking and Learning about Print by Marilyn Adams (1994)

Did we miss a resource? Please leave a comment and let us know!

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As educators, we are always learning and growing in order to improve reading instruction. It can be challenging to sift through the many resources available,...

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School IN Literacy Cadre Calendar - CELL - Calendar.pdf

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Diane Sweeney’s Checklist for Getting Started

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Diane Sweeney’s Checklist for Getting Started

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Checklist for Getting Coaching Cycles Up and Running

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Diane Sweeney’s Toolkit/July 2023 CELL Training

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Diane Sweeney’s Toolkit/July 2023 CELL Training

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[CELL] Toolkit for Student-Centered Coaching

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Presented by Diane Sweeney & Julie Steele Student-Centered Coaching

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ORID: Focused Conversation Data Analysis

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ORID: Focused Conversation Data Analysis

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Systematic instruction includes the direct presentation of skills and concepts in a pre-specified sequence taught in a logical, defined order that builds on prior learning. For example:

Skills and concepts begin with simple and move to complex.

Student objectives are clear, concise, and driven by ongoing assessment results.

Students are provided with appropriate practice opportunities which directly reflect explicit instruction.

Explicit instruction includes instructional routines that consist of teacher modeling, guided practice, supported application, and independent practice. For example:

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Systematic instruction includes the direct presentation of skills and concepts in a pre-specified sequence taught in a logical, defined order that builds on prior learning. For example: Skills and concepts begin with simple and move to complex. Student objectives are clear, concise, and driven by ongoing assessment results.

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Second Grade and Third Grade Student Center Activities Phonemic Awareness | Phonics | Fluency | Vocabulary | Comprehension

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Kindergarten and First Grade Student Center Activities Phonological Awareness | Phonics | Fluency | Vocabulary | Comprehension

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Pre-Kindergarten | Florida Center for Reading Research

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Teacher Resource Guide | Alphabet Knowledge | Phonological Awareness | Language & Vocabulary

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Easily Build Custom Reports and Dashboards - Looker Studio

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Looker Studio turns your data into informative reports and dashboards that are easy to read, easy to share, and fully custom.

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Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

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REVISED 2023-2024 Student-Centered Coaching: The Moves Book Study

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Coaching Cycle Logs that Align with the Results-Based Coaching Tool  

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Teaching Reading Sourcebook - Decoding and Word Recognition.pdf