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Anatomy and Medicine

Art

Artists used dissection of dead people to achieve better art. Church didn't allow it and yet it was still pursued

Vaccine

Edward Anthony Jenner creates first successful vaccination againt smallpox

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Nicolaus Copernicus

Created the heliocentric model of the solar system

placed the sun near the center of the universe

earth and other planets revolved around the sun

Responsible for the copernican revolution

Church felt strongly about this. They disagreed cause one of the scriptures said that earth was center

Galileo Galilei

Discovered the Earths Orbit

Discovered the surface of the moon is rough and uneven

Created the first delta version of the telescope

Discovered four moons revolving Jupiter

Discovered the pendulum principle

Johannes Kepler

Discovered three major laws of planetary motion

1. law of orbits

2. law of equal areas

3. law of periods

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Pawnbrokers

Merchant bank - Lent money

Deposit banks - Kept money

They used three types of coins Gold, Silver, and Billon (Silver mixed with a base metal such as copper)

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Beginnings of Capitalism and the decline of Feudalism

Increase demand for artists, inventors, and scientists

Trade between the west and east greatly fueled the economy of places such as Florence, Venice, and Milan (Spices, Silk, and Wool)

Rich families like Medici financially supported artists during the Renaissance period and helped further the art movement during the Renaissance

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The Mediterranean Sea was the main area of international trade.

Renaissance cities became centers of trade and commerce.

Popular items traded

Spices

Silk

Wool

boosted the economic prosperity of places:

Florence, Milan, & Venice.

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Incorporated influence from the three major beliefs: secularism, humanism, individualism

Architecture in the Renaissance was more mathematically precise.

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It originated in Italy

Combines classical order, mathematical precision, symmetry, proportion, and harmony.

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1. Domes

Renaissance brought the revival of ancient Roman domes. Building these were mathematically and physically challenging.

2. Symmetry

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How different was the themes and topics?

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How different was the themes and topics?

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1. Renaissance

Themes focused on secular subjects, humanism, and a resurgence of interest in classical themes. And the unique experiences and human potential emerged.

2. Medieval Ages

Themes mainly focused on chivalry, feudalism, and religious themes.

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How different was Renaissance literature from medieval writing? 

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How different was Renaissance literature from medieval writing? 

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The most significant difference is that during the Renaissance, the printing press was invented, making it easier to produce literary texts. During the medieval ages, folklore and other stories were transmitted orally.

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How different was their artwork from those of the Middle Ages?

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How different was their artwork from those of the Middle Ages?

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The artwork in the Renaissance were more complex in composition and color.

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How were the Renaissance ideas reflected in their artwork?

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How were the Renaissance ideas reflected in their artwork?

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The three ideas that were practiced during the Renaissance were individualism, secularism and humanism. These ideas were reflected in art through:

1. Humanism

Achievements and artworks were embraced and praised.

2. Secularism

Focus on the Present due to References in Paintings being Real Life Subjects

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3. Arches and Columns

a. Doric

oldest of the three

impermanent to permanent materials

temples

x6 diameter of the base

baseless

seventh century BCE - fifth century BCE

b. Ionic

“faminine” appearance

volutes

ionia temples

x7 diameter of the base

mid-sixth century BCE

c. Corinthians

Latest and most elaborate

vegetal elements

rome and greece

corinth

capital

x8 diameter of the base

fifth century BCE - third century BCE

4. Intricate Ceilings

coffered

sunken panels

roman techniques

kophinos / cophinus = basket

painted

religion tall scaffolding