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The main purpose of the ear is for the ability to hear and balance properly. Helping the ear to hear sound waves and transmit them to the brain. Also helping with balancing the body by providing static and dynamic balance.

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External (Outer) Ear: Composed of the Auricle, External Acoustic Meatus, and the Tympanic Membrane

Auricle or Pinna - Both are considered more complex way of saying ear; the auditory canal opening.

External Acoustic Meatus - a short, narrow canal engraved into the temporal bone of the skull. Walls are lined with ceruminous glands (secretes earwax). These glands are used to repel insects and provide a sticky trap for foreign bodies.

Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum) - Sound waves enter the auditory canal eventually coming in contact with the Tympanic Membrane, causing vibrations. This separates the External and the Middle ear.

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Middle Ear

Pharyngotympanic tube - Links the middle ear cavity with the throat

Ossicles - made up of three small bones that transmit vibratory motions of the eardrum to the fluid of the inner ear: Malleus, Incus and Stapes.

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Internal (Inner) Ear: Located behind the eye socket within the temporal bone.

Subdivisions of the Inner Ear - Three subdivisions of the bony labyrinth; spiraling, pea-sized cochlea, the vestibule, and the semicircular canals

Perilymph - The plasma-like fluid within the bone of the labyrinth

Membranous Labyrinth - a group of membrane sacs that follow the shape of the bony labyrinth.

Endolymph - The thick fluid within the Membranous Labyrinth

Equilibrium

The vestibular system is the sensory apparatus of the inner ear that helps the body maintain posture. It is also essential for coordinating the head's posture and eye movement.

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Tinnitus: ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in the ears that can cause loud noises, medications, or ear diseases

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Meniere’s Disease: a disorder within the inner ear that causes vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness of the ear

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Cholesteatoma: abnormal growth of skin cells in the middle of the ear that can cause hearing loss, infection, and facial paralysis

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A test that is commonly requested by doctors for Cholesteatoma is a CT scan. A CT scan is an imaging test that captures images from a cross section of your body. This would allow the doctor to see inside the patient's skull/ear. Giving a better visual of the cyst or to rule out any other possible problems.

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The only way to treat a Cholesteatoma is to get it surgically removed. The cyst has to be removed to prevent any future complications that could occur if it grows.

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1. What are the 3 subdivisions of the inner ear?

2. Fill in the blank: Sound waves enter the auditory canal eventually coming in contact with the Tympanic Membrane causing vibrations. This separates the ______ and the _____ ear.

3. What system is the Equilibrium in and where is it located?

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Human ear - Balance, Vestibular, Physiology | Britannica

Cholesteatoma: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis (healthline.com)