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Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning

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Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning

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This essential text bridges cognitive science and practical learning strategies, offering evidence-based techniques for effective learning and teaching.

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Peter C. Brown, Henry L. Roediger III, Mark A. McDaniel

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Learning Science Principles and Teacher Actions

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Learning Science Principles and Teacher Actions

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From https://www.deansforimpact.org/files/assets/dfideepening-meaning-and-learning.pdf

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Learning Science Principles and Teacher Actions

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To help physics students with recalling new concepts, maybe we can use "brain dumps" in the course.

🧠 What Is a Brain Dump?

A brain dump is a simple, no-stress activity that helps you remember what you’ve learned—and it’s backed by science! When you do a brain dump, you’re pulling information out of your memory without looking at your notes, which strengthens your learning and helps you find out what you truly know (and what you might need to review).

✍️ How to Do a Brain Dump

1. Grab a blank page (or open a blank document).

2. Set a timer for 5–10 minutes.

3. Without checking your notes, write down everything you can remember about a topic we've covered. Include:

Key terms or vocabulary

Big ideas and main concepts

Examples or diagrams

Questions you still have

4. Don’t worry about spelling, grammar, or structure—just get your thoughts out!

5. When the timer goes off, go back to your notes or textbook and compare:

What did you remember correctly?

What did you forget?

What surprised you?

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How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching

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How Learning Works: Seven Research-Based Principles for Smart Teaching

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Combines research from cognitive psychology, education, and neuroscience to present seven basic learning principles and their applications in higher education.

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Susan A. Ambrose, Michael W. Bridges, Michele DiPietro, Marsha C. Lovett, Marie K. Norman

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Brain Rules: 12 Principles for Surviving and Thriving at Work, Home, and School

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Brain Rules: 12 Principles for Surviving and Thriving at Work, Home, and School

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A molecular biologist's perspective on how the brain works and its implications for learning, presented through 12 fundamental principles.

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The Science of Learning: 77 Studies That Every Teacher Needs to Know

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The Science of Learning: 77 Studies That Every Teacher Needs to Know

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A comprehensive overview of key research studies in learning sciences, presented in an accessible format for educators.

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Understanding How We Learn: A Visual Guide

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Understanding How We Learn: A Visual Guide

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An illustrated guide to the science of learning, combining cognitive psychology and practical applications.

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Yana Weinstein, Megan Sumeracki, Oliver Caviglioli

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The Neuroscience of Learning and Development: Enhancing Creativity, Compassion, Critical Thinking, and Peace in Higher Education

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The Neuroscience of Learning and Development: Enhancing Creativity, Compassion, Critical Thinking, and Peace in Higher Education

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Explores how findings from neuroscience can inform teaching practices in higher education settings.

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Learning Online: What Research Tells Us About Whether, When and How

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Learning Online: What Research Tells Us About Whether, When and How

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A research-based examination of online learning effectiveness and best practices.

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Barbara Means, Marianne Bakia, Robert Murphy

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12 Principles of Mayer's Multimedia Theory

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12 Principles of Mayer's Multimedia Theory

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1. Multimedia Principle: Use a mix of text and images.

2. Coherence Principle: Only include graphics if they help.

3. Signaling Principle: Emphasize key points.

4. Redundancy Principle: If you have narration, don't have the same text on screen. Use images instead.

5. Spatial Contiguity Principle: Put text and visuals close together.

6. Temporal Contiguity Principle: Voiceovers match illustrations.

7. Segmenting Principle: Use bite-sized chunks of content.

8. Pre-Training Principle: Introductory module to prepare for main program.

9. Modality Principle: Limit use of text for narrated presentations.

10. Voice Principle: Use professional voiceover.

11. Personalization Principle: Use simple language.

12. Image Principle: Use talking heads for building trust, not for explaining content.

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The Science of Learning: 99 Studies That Every Teacher Needs to Know

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The Science of Learning: 99 Studies That Every Teacher Needs to Know

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A comprehensive collection of research studies specifically relevant to teaching and learning in digital environments.

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Learning in the Digital Age: Neuroscience Meets Technology

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Learning in the Digital Age: Neuroscience Meets Technology

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An overview of how digital technology impacts learning from a neuroscientific perspective.

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Enhance your research techniques through virtual conferences and training series on emerging trends and technologies, and develop your own training program through curriculum and hiring best practices.

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Neuroscience and Online Learning: What the Research Tells Us

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Neuroscience and Online Learning: What the Research Tells Us

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A synthesis of current research on how the brain learns in online environments.

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EDUCAUSE Review® is the association's open-access digital flagship publication for the higher education IT community. The magazine takes a broad look

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Neuroplasticity, Online Learning, and Regulation

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Neuroplasticity, Online Learning, and Regulation

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What if introduction/objectives pages all have a progressing case study that activates prior learning from previous modules before connecting to the learning outcomes of the current module? Can use ChatGPT to draft these I&O pages and the edit from there.

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"The key bottleneck in learning is attention, not memory storage."

Focused attention

Avoid "link-jumping" which takes learners away from a task and diverts their attention elsewhere. Keep them in the same digital space as often as possible

Retrieval practice: actively recalling info

--depth of processing

--interactive media

--practice over coverage: "go beyond content delivery to foster meaningful engagement, reflection, and application"

Rich, relevant, multi-sensory learning promotes retention

Varied and engaging formats

Teach metacognitive strategies

Interleaving: mixing types of problems or concepts

Spacing: studying over time instead of cramming

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Purposeful, reasoned, and goal-directed

Problem solving, inference-making, and decision-making

Context-specific--need a lot of practice to develop

Transfer to new contexts is difficult and takes effort

Use case studies, simulations, problem-based learning, games, interleaving, sequencing different types of problems

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Processes used to plan, monitor, and assess one's understanding and performance.

Critical awareness of one's thinking and learning ; oneself as a thinker/learner

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How to apply learning science to practice

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How to apply learning science to practice

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ChatGPT's summary of all research articles in the course

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ChatGPT's summary of all research articles in the course

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🧠 Memory, Attention, and Learning Science

🧩 Cognitive load matters – Working memory is limited; break content into chunks, and avoid overloading students with too much information at once.

🔁 Retrieval practice is powerful – Actively recalling information (e.g., through quizzes or brain dumps) strengthens memory and enhances long-term retention.

🧠 Spacing and interleaving boost retention – Revisiting material over time and mixing topics improves transfer and helps learners recognize deeper patterns.

📱 Digital distractions shorten attention spans – The average attention span on screens has dropped to ~47 seconds, which increases stress and errors.

📊 Switch costs are real – Constant task-switching reduces productivity and increases cognitive effort. Designing tasks for focus is essential.

🛌 Sleep supports memory – Especially slow-wave and REM sleep, which are critical for consolidation of different types of memory.

🧬 Memory is dynamic, not static – Memories are reconstructed with each recall, which allows updates and reinterpretation (reconsolidation).

🎮 Serious games engage and teach – Games like Operation ARA use narrative, adaptive feedback, and retrieval to teach critical thinking and scientific reasoning.

🎓 Critical Thinking and Transfer

💡 Critical thinking is teachable and measurable – It requires both skills and dispositions (motivation to apply the skills), which can be developed with explicit instruction.

🔍 Transfer is preparation for future learning – Rather than only testing for direct application, design to build adaptable mental models and learning agility.

🧠 Scientific reasoning is a daily skill – Teaching students to think like scientists helps them navigate real-world misinformation and make informed decisions.

📚 Knowledge matters for deeper thinking – Higher-order skills like analysis and evaluation require a base of remembered knowledge.

🧰 Metacognition improves learning – Students benefit from reflecting on how they think and study; include reflection and self-assessment prompts.

🔀 Vary learning conditions – Using diverse examples and alternating problem types increases transfer and resilience in knowledge application.

💻 Educational Technology and Design

🎯 Technology must align with learning science – Tools should support retrieval, feedback, and transfer, not just content delivery.

🎮 Gamified elements boost motivation – Design activities that include feedback, challenges, and visible progress to sustain engagement.

👥 Adaptive feedback supports growth – Vary the type and frequency of feedback based on learner performance and confidence.

🌍 Relevance increases retention – Emotionally resonant and personally relevant examples help learners "own" the material.

🤝 Cross-disciplinary collaboration matters – Instructional designers, faculty, and developers should co-create experiences grounded in both tech usability and pedagogy.