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Virginia had attempted to attract immigrants through land offers of 50 acres of land. But only to the immigrants who paid for their own passage or their owner who paid for their passage.

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It was a transatlantic system where European ships carried goods to Africa, traded for enslaved Africans, who were then transported across the Atlantic to the Americas.

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A harsh system where millions of Africans were forcibly transported across the Atlantic to the Americas, primarily to work on plantations.

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90% of immigrants came from Ireland, England, and Germany. The largest of them were the Irish immigrants. About 60k immigrated in the 1830s and increasingly grew to 235k in the 1840s. Due to the potato famine in Ireland, the number of Irish immigrants increased to 845,000.

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The first big wave of immigrants to come to the U.S. Predominantly came from northwestern Europe, including Ireland, Germany, and Great Britain. Often Protestant and literate, faced discrimination and prejudice, but also contributed significantly to the nation's cultural and economic landscape.

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Signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln it granted 160 acres of public land to individuals who resided and cultivated it for five years. Promoted westward expansion and provided land ownership opportunities for many, including farmers, immigrants, and African Americans.

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Hawaii was a sovereign Kingdom of Hawaii from 1795 to 1893. Native Hawaiian monarchs, including the Kamehameha dynasty, ruled the islands. The monarchy was overthrown by American and European businessmen in 1893, leading to Hawaii's annexation by the U.S. in 1898.

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The African American population had moved from the South to the North, looking for better opportunities. Their movement to the North brought an influence to the arts which caused a movement, the Harlem Renaissance.

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Mexican Americans had suffered through discrimination, especially through the New Deal programs. The competition for jobs forced thousands of Mexican Americans to return to Mexico.

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Large scale migration by whites from city neighborhoods to the suburbs. This phenomenon was fueled by several factors, including post-war suburban housing booms, the rise of the automobile, and fear of races mixing.

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Japanese immigrants had been removed from the U.S. government and had been sent to military zones. In which they contained long-term camps that had harsh conditions and no medical care.

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An agreement between the U.S. and the Mexican government that allowed Mexican citizens to take temporary agricultural work in America. The main purpose was to fill agricultural labor shortages in the U.S. during and after WW2.

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Ended ethnic quota acts of the 1920s, favoring Europeans and opened the United States to immigrants from all parts of the world.

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Millions of Americans had begun to move for better climate, lower taxes, and economic opportunities in defense related industries. Many GI's (former member of U.S armed force) had been attracted to these states that went from California all the way to Florida.