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October 24, 1945 - Creation of the United Nations

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October 24, 1945 - Creation of the United Nations

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The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization made up of countries in America, Asia, Europe, as well as Australia. Their purpose is to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a center for harmonizing the actions of nations.

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March 5, 1946 - Winston Churchill's "Iron Curtain" Speech

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March 5, 1946 - Winston Churchill's "Iron Curtain" Speech

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The “Iron Curtain” or “The Sinews of Peace” speech from Winston Churchill was an impactful speech with the primary message of wanting the U.S. and Great Britain to confront the increasingly aggressive Soviet Union. At the time, this speech only increased the tension between these countries. The “Iron Curtain” is a metaphor for the lack of freedom in Europe from the U.S.S.R.

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May 24 - May 28, 1946 - U.S. Railway Strike

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May 24 - May 28, 1946 - U.S. Railway Strike

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Around 250,000 railroad workers were on strike at the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and the Brotherhood of Railwai Traimen. The strike was caused by their unfair pay which went on for four days. The lack of active railways also caused the economic situation of the U.S. to be on pause.

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The Marshall Plan was a proposal for the United States to provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe. This was the response to the crippling economic crisis in Europe following WWII.

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The Berlin Blockade was an attempt by the Soviet Union to limit the U.S., Great Britain, and France’s capability to travel to Berlin after increasing tension between these countries. This blockade cut off all land and water transportation between West Berlin and West Germany.

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NATO, or the National Atlantic Treaty Organization, was started after the Soviet Union’s response to rising tensions against the U.S.S.R., the U.S., Great Britain, and France. Its purpose was to deter powerful Soviet expansionism, forbidding the revival of nationalist militarism in Europe, and encourage European political integration.

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August 1, 1949 - Communist Revolution in China

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August 1, 1949 - Communist Revolution in China

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Starting in 1927, the Communist Revolt was a social and political revolution that helped to establish the People’s Republic of China. The cause of this revolution was the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.

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Before the Korean War, the 38th Parallel was chosen as a convenient borderline to divide militaries. The line was created to separate the Soviet-supported Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. However, this would be the same line North Korea would cross in the invasion of South Korea in 1950 and spark the Korean War.

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The Korean War was a battle between North and South Korea after rising tensions between both countries. After North Korea invaded South Korea while crossing the 38th parallel and the idea of communism spread, the battle began.

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April 5, 1951 - Death Sentence of Julius and Ethel Rosenburg

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April 5, 1951 - Death Sentence of Julius and Ethel Rosenburg

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Julius and Ethel Rosenburg were members of the communist party who were convicted of sharing confidential U.S. information about the atomic bomb with the Soviet Union. Being seen as spies, they were sentenced to death.

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February 6, 1952 - Death of King George VI

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February 6, 1952 - Death of King George VI

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After being the first British monarch to visit the United States, King George VI died in his sleep after failing to recover from a lung operation. His eldest daughter, Elizabeth II would later be the longest-reigning British monarch and female head of state after his death.

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May 17, 1954 - Brown v. Board of Education

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May 17, 1954 - Brown v. Board of Education

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The monumental Supreme Court decision that declared segregated schools unconstitutional. U.S. Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren reported that it was a violation of the 14th Amendment, which granted citizenship to everyone “born or naturalized in the United States.”

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November 1, 1955 - April 30, 1975 - Vietnam War

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November 1, 1955 - April 30, 1975 - Vietnam War

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The Vietnam War was a conflict that was fought in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. This conflict was between the United States South Vietnam and North Vietnam. The conflict arose due to communism taking over religion in Vietnam.

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December 5, 1955 - December 20, 1956 - Montgomery Bus Boycott

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December 5, 1955 - December 20, 1956 - Montgomery Bus Boycott

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The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest against the policy of segregation in the 1950s, separating blacks and whites. In Montgomery, Alabama, African Americans refused to ride city buses after witnessing the arrest of Rosa Parks just a few days prior.

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October 29 - November 7, 1956 - Suez Crisis

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October 29 - November 7, 1956 - Suez Crisis

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The Suez Crisis, also known as the Second Arab-Israeli War or Tripartite Aggression, was an invasion of Egypt by Israel, later followed by the United Kingdom and France. The goal of the invasion was to regain control of the Suez Canal for the Western powers and to dismiss the Egyptian president at the time, Gamal Abdel Nasser.

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January 10 - January 11, 1957 - Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

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January 10 - January 11, 1957 - Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

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The SCLC is an African-American civil rights organization that originated in Atlanta Georgia, associating with Martin Luther King Jr. This group was known to successfully stage the 381-day Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955.

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Sputnik was the first artificial Earth satellite made by the Soviet Union. After its launch in 1957 into an elliptical low Earth orbit, it would send back a radio signal to Earth.

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The National Aeronautics Space Administration started to acquire property to conduct research and development of spacecraft. The reason the space station was created was to differentiate the U.S. space and missile programs.

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The Bay of Pigs Invasion was a failed military landing operation on the southwest coast of Cuba by Cuban exiles. The operation failed because of the CIA’s poor planning and execution in the invasion.

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The Berlin Wall was a heavily guarded concrete barrier that encircled the Referal Republic of Germany. The purpose of the wall was to barricade East Germany from Western “fascists” who would undermine the socialist state.

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May 4 - December 10, 1961 - Freedom Riders Begin

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May 4 - December 10, 1961 - Freedom Riders Begin

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The Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who strongly believes in equality. This group rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States. Their actions led to the Interstate Commerce Commission issuing regulations that would ban segregation in interstate travel.

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March 1962 - Creation of the United Farm Workers (UFW)

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March 1962 - Creation of the United Farm Workers (UFW)

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The United Farm Workers was a civil rights organization founded by Cesar Chavez, Dolores Huerta, Gilbert Padilla, and many other activists. The purpose of the organization was to support the rights of agricultural workers. All of their protests were nonviolent as they boycotted and went on several hunger strikes.

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October 16 - October 29, 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis

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October 16 - October 29, 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis

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The Cuban Missile Crisis was a 13-day confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The cause of this event was the leaked information about nuclear missile sites built by the Soviet Union in Cuba, photographed by an American U-2 spy plane.

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May 2 - May 3, 1963 - The Children's Crusade

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May 2 - May 3, 1963 - The Children's Crusade

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In Birmingham Alabama, more than 1,000 students marched for racial equality to combat segregation. While marching, the students had to endure police brutality which led to hundreds of kids being arrested.

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February 19, 1963 - Publication of the Feminine Mystique 

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February 19, 1963 - Publication of the Feminine Mystique 

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Betty Friedan’s Publication of the Feminine Mystique is considered to be one of the most influential books of the 20th century as it inspired many modern feminist moments in the U.S. The publication led to a spark in widespread public activism for gender equality caused by women’s frustrations from their limited roles in society.

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The March on Washington was held for the purpose of passing the Civil Rights Act, allowing integration of public schools, and prohibiting segregation and racial discrimination. On this same day, civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. would deliver his “I Have A Dream” speech.

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August 28, 1963 - "I Have A Dream" Speech

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August 28, 1963 - "I Have A Dream" Speech

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Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech is one of the most impactful and memorable moments in U.S. history. Just a year before the Civil Rights Act of 1964, MLK gave this 17-minute-long speech to more than 200,000 people at the Lincoln Memorial, sharing the importance of equality.

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November 22, 1963 - Assassination of JFK

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November 22, 1963 - Assassination of JFK

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The 35th U.S. President, John Fitzgerald Kennedy would be assassinated in 1963 while going on a two-day, five-city fundraising trip with his wife. While riding in a motorcade, going down southwest Elm Street and through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, the president was shot in the neck and back of the head. The man who fired these shots, along with another aimed at Governor Connally was Lee Harvey Oswald.

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a congressional public law that prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The fight for this law was a decade long with the help of public figures and activists, such as Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, and many others.

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February 21, 1965 - Malcolm X (Little -el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz) Assassination

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February 21, 1965 - Malcolm X (Little -el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz) Assassination

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While presenting at the Audubon Ballroom stage, Malcolm X was shot by three members of the Nation of Islam, who were later charged with first-degree murder. This event followed Malcolm X’s comments in the early 1960s where he spoke about the Nation of Islam, blaming them for JFK’s assassination and even predicting his own death at their hands.

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Signed by President Lyndon Johnson, the Voting Rights Act would prohibit racial discrimination in voting. It would be enacted by the 89th U.S. Congress and enforce the fifteenth amendment.

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January 31 - September 23, 1968 - Tet Offensive

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January 31 - September 23, 1968 - Tet Offensive

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The Tet Offensive was a major escalation and one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War. The significance of the war was the role it took in weakening the U.S. public support for the war in Vietnam.

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The series of Stonewall Riots or rebellions were spontaneous protests by members of the LGBT community. The cause of these protests was when a policeman violently handled a woman dressed in masculine attire, presumably a lesbian activist Stormé DeLarverie. The protests were in support of LGBT rights.

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November 20, 1969 - "Red Power" Occupation of Alcatraz

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November 20, 1969 - "Red Power" Occupation of Alcatraz

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The Occupation of Alcatraz was a 19-month-long protest in support of the Awareness of American Indian oppression. As 89 Native Americans and supporters of this occupied the island, they successfully ended the federal policy of termination. This event was caused by the Violations of the Treaty of Fort Laramie.

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The Watergate scandal of 1972 was a major political scandal involving President Richard Nixon from 1972-1974. The scandal was that Nixon’s administration was involved in the 1972 burglary of the Democratic National Committee headquarters. It would eventually lead to Nixon’s resignation from office.

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June 23, 1972 - Title IX of the Educational Amendments Passed 

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June 23, 1972 - Title IX of the Educational Amendments Passed 

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Title IX prohibited sex discrimination in 1972. The purpose of this educational amendment was to protect students’ sexual orientation and gender identity within education programs and activities that were federally funded.

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Roe v. Wade was a  landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that would protect a pregnant individual’s liberty to have an abortion. The facts of the case were that taking away these liberties would be unconstitutional, though in 2022 it would be overturned.

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August 8, 1974 - Resgination of Richard Nixon

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August 8, 1974 - Resgination of Richard Nixon

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After the Watergate scandal, Nixon finalized his decision to resign. Raymond K. Pride, the president’s speechwriter would write his resignation speech that would be listened to and watched live.

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This $100 million hit blockbuster movie is known for being a turning point in creating the Hollywood we know today. The movie introduced modern visual effects with rubber model sharks and film technology to the cinema industry.

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July 15 - July 17, 1975 - US Apollo and Soviet Soyuz 9 Spacecraft Launch

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July 15 - July 17, 1975 - US Apollo and Soviet Soyuz 9 Spacecraft Launch

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First internationally crewed space mission with American astronauts and Russian cosmonauts. This pushed aside any suspected rivalry between the two space stations since 1961 when space travel was made possible