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1800 B.C. The Babylonians were one of the first civilizations to document the movements of the sun and the moon. They maintained a very detailed record of the Sun and the Moon's motion including a daily, monthly, and yearly position of the celestial bodies. It is said that the first appearance of Hailey's Comet was documented by the Babylonians. It is also said that they were the first to divide the sky into zones
( source https://www.astro4dev.org/7-ancient-cultures-and-how-they-shaped-astronomy-guest-blog/ )

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The Geocentric model was an idea where the Earth was the center of everything was based on ideas by ancient Greek philosophers Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC) and Ptomlemy
(100 AD-170 AD)
They explained that the Earth stayed put at the center of everything and anything we can see in the sky orbited the Earth in perfect circles.
(source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khIzr6610cQ&t=37s&ab_channel=SciShowSpace)

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Imaginary points that were moving in imaginary circles that had planets orbiting around those points. Used to explain why the planets looked like they were brighter or moving in a completely different direction in the Geocentric model.
(source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khIzr6610cQ&t=37s&ab_channel=SciShowSpace )

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Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) was a well known resonance thinker who spent the last few decades of his life developing a model where the sun is the center of the universe. All the planets in Nicolaus Copernicus's model kept the same speed throughout the orbits. Both the Geocentric model and the Heliocentric model were wrong about how the planets moved.
(source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khIzr6610cQ&t=37s&ab_channel=SciShowSpace )

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Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) realized that orbits didn't have to be circles and if assumed that they were ellipses the math and the motion of the planets, sun, and moon fit a lot more using the heliocentric model
(source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khIzr6610cQ&t=37s&ab_channel=SciShowSpace )

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Galileo's telescope  (1564 - 1642)made it more convincing thanks to Jupiter and Venus. When Galileo pointed his telescope at Jupiter he was able to see its four biggest moons. It was concrete proof that not everything in the sky was orbiting Earth
( source https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khIzr6610cQ&ab_channel=SciShowSpace )

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Astronomer William Herschel and his sister Caroline (1834) systematically mapped the night sky, listing thousands of stars and nebulae in an almost five-decade process. The map revealed the shape and size of the Milky Way. The Milky Way turned out to be more disc shaped rather than a sphere.

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In the modern times we know that the Earth is not the center of the universe and neither is the Sun and we now know that there are a lot more planets, stars and universes out there