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The work I have created-

Thauamatrope-
Phénakisticope-
The materials I have used-
What went well-
What I need to improve-

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This is a short video showing from the start to the end animation in its many forms and how it has developed over the years and been used in different ways.

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On the task I will be doing a animated short stop motion film with two of my friends in class we used plastiplay to sculptor our characters we are using within the short film. I also have planned out the story step by step for this stop motion film and I’ll be using a D3400 camera for the best results possible.

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I shall be doing a timeline based on animation starting at 30,000 to 1925 showing the differences within animated films and how they have developed/improved over the year of history. With this timeline I will be  planning out every step necessary to take and adding all my research through uploading pictures/videos I found on the internet to show the many transformations animated films have took throughout history I will also be say which I liked the best and why .

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Cave painting of bisons from the Altamira cave, Cantabria, Spain, 20,000 years ago.

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Some of the earliest examples of animation were discovered with archaeological evidence displayed on cave walls dating back to paleolithic times. These examples consist of multiple wall drawings of animals and even though these ancient drawings were still images they would use the flickering light of the fire to give the image the impression of motion.

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The praxinoscope was an animation device, the successor to the zoetrope. It was invented in France in 1877 by Charles-Émile Reynaud.

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It uses a strip of pictures placed around the inner surface of a spinning cylinder.

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A booklet containing a sequence of near-identical pictures so that flipping rapidly through the pages produces an illusion of animation.

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If a succession of images showing a sequence of movements is displayed quickly enough, it creates the illusion of continual movement to the observer. This principle allows for the creation of motion pictures, both photographic and animated, which are composed of multiple still images. The initial application of this concept, however, was the flipbook

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An instrument that is in charge through movement, to make that the images represented in it, move through a circular movement through the eye's retinal persistence.

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Also invented in 1833 was the Zoetrope. Invented by Simon Stampfer, the device would use the stroboscope principle in a cylinder in a pamphlet. In 1865 William Ensign Lincoln advanced the zoetrope by making images easily replaceable.When it is rotated, a moving sequence can then be seen through the gaps. The origin of this instrument is based on the retinal persistence, and basically, it is based on the capacity that our eyes have to retain and process images that are in movement.

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Animated phenakistiscope disc which has the colours red , orange , yellow and blue rotating in a circle creating movement.

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The Phénakisticope was viewed through the slits of its spinning disc in front of a mirror and showcased elements of Animation. The invention was born in 1833.

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Both sides of a thauamatrope.A disk with a picture on each side is attached to two pieces of string. When the strings are twirled quickly between the fingers the two pictures appear to blend into one.

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Invented by John Ayrton Paris (1785-1856), an English physician, in 1825, the Thaumatrope was the first instrument to exploit the persistence of images on the retina.

Paris’s Philosophy in sport made science in earnest, first published in 1827, expounded his belief that scientific learning in children could be stimulated through a combination of amusement and instruction, using demonstrational toys such as the Thaumatrope.

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19th century magic lantern with printed slide incorrectly inserted (upright, which would be projected by the lantern as an inverted picture

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In the 18th and 19th century machines began being the tool for moving images. Beginning with the Magic Lantern which was invented in the year 1659. It acted as a projector and used a number of painted glass slides to display motion.

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Pottery from 3000 B.C. found at the site of The Burnt City in Iran. A wild goat (Capra aegagrus) on a bowl discovered in a grave at the 5,200 year-old Burnt City in Iran.

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Animation of a wild goat (Capra aegagrus)

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Animation of a wild goat (Capra aegagrus)

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This pottery bowl had a sequence of 5 images of a goat eating leaves from a tree. Each image was slightly different than the other  to make the goat appear to be leaping at the tree which created an  illusion of movement.

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I shall be creating a Phénakisticope consisting of cones with ice cream being added to it each time creating the illusion of motion.I will be planning every one of my ideas and taking pictures of each piece to add here on padlet with annotations on what I have done what I achieved and what went wrong.

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This is my final Phénakisticope piece which turned out perfectly i made it bigger than my first one which helped me draw the pictures more clear , I drew cones in the colours orange/brown with light blue ice cream and little white dots to create details in my work I did this in each section but each time the ice cream was being added until there was a complete ice cream at the end creating a illusion of motion once you spin this facing a mirror.I also chose to pick the colours to be bright and have a white back ground and I felt it made a big difference to how it presents to the person so as I was creating this it allowed me to understand the effects of motion and the history behind this piece.

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This is my first attempt which I will say I was excited to try to do the Phénakisticope i cut a small circle and coloured this in pink as the back ground with white sparkles and pink ice cream being added to the brown/orange cones finally getting one ice cream. I knew I wanted to make a knew one as when I tried this in the mirror I felt it was to fast or you had to spin it to fast so you wasn’t able to catch the effect I was trying to give  being motion . And the first 3/4 sections seem the same to me or slow with the progression i was trying to make.

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Here I wrote down all the steps I was going to do for my animation I didn’t end up using this plan al the way through as I realised it will be time consuming and a lot longer if I did it this way so I made w knew plan for my animation

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I will be creating multiple thauamatropes due to how enjoyable and simple it is to make each one I will also measure everything out evenly to create the best transition from that I will be uploading all of this.

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This is the plan I used which worked out as planned I was able to complete the list without having to worry about time consumption or how many pictures I would have to take to make it look like a animation. Each step was very easy to follow and well played out which I’m proud of as it made a good little film with just some simple planning and then acting it out with the animated figures that was made.

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There is one pink and multi coloured mouse with two grew cats with either blue or pink used for their faces. These was made out of a clay called plastiplay which is soft smooth and very easy to model with this material it’s also reusable and doesn’t dry out which I thought helped a lot and came in handy. We made these characters from our mind maps we planned before we made the actual film so everything is accurate and just on time and nothing is ruining our short film. Each shot progressed in movement to create illusion of life adding the effects we want  to our final piece it was very exciting to see the end result with just how small movement from the clay and each shot can make a whole little film.

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Here one of my class mates I was working with to do our short animation made a rough and quick design of each step that would take place in our film with pictures to go along with it. This helped us so well as it allowed us to visually see what we was doing and where we was at in our next steps .

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I worked with two of my class mates to create a animated film using a Nikon D3400 camera I learned a lot about the camera and how to access the camera on a tripod as well but while  using different settings which was also helpful it captured motion and effects. We also used plastiplay to make and design our characters that would play in the film which was really enjoyable and fun to do. And one I thing I learnt is to slow down whilst taking the pictures to reduce the chances of me having to retake anymore pictures.

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Here I am facing my Phénakisticope in a mirror showing a fluent illusion of motion within the images once you let it spin.   It’s amazing how the eyes trick you because once you face this in the mirror it presents like you see but if you where to look at it and spin it you would not see effect.

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Here I designed a orange cat with green grass surrounding it with birds and sparkles. The heart will be the main change within this piece I chose to only do the heart to as my example to show how easy the thauamatrope effect is.

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Here I designed the other side with the same orange cat with green grass surrounding it with birds and red signs making it seem the cat is sad/frustrated.The heart has changed to be broken to show how little the Change can be seen as it’s just the heart being drawn different but is still shows the effects.

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Here I created a tree with no flowers or leaves just some on the ground to make it appear as the leaves had fallen off and it is winter and a plain back ground to show a great example of how good the effect is .

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Here I drew the tree with some leaves and flowers to make the tree seem as if it is in the summer now.

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Here I did part of the ying-yang sign to see a clear example of the motion and how it becomes one picture

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This is my other side to the other ying-yang which completes the effect I’m trying to create with both pictures making one .

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Here is the front of my last example of a thauamatrope I decided to go with a more detailed drawing and decided to do a jelly fish in the water I thought I’d try this to see if more detail impacts the effects  in a negative way or positive way. I personally loved this idea as I will do the other side similar but different.

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This is the other side to my jelly fish thauamatrope here you can see many more colours then just blue there is purple ,yellow and  some greens to create the image that the jelly fish is lighting up with its electric. I found that this design did impact in a negative way making it more harder for the eyes to pick up on the illusion next time I know not to put so many colours and small details so the effects are seen perfectly

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Animation is the process of that creates an illusion of movement to lifeless things , drawings and models. The word animation itself comes from the Latin word animatio which original meaning is to revive or give the soul which animation can definitely be categorised as giving soul to lifeless things such as drawings or models. The animation technique manipulates photos and drawings causing a illusion and presenting a narrative to the viewers. Some even consider Grecian pottery as a early form of animation, depicting scenes of movement and expression along its surface , like a comic strip.

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The one I loved best was the  as it is a tiny bit complex but very easy once you know what your doing it is made