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Poverty refers to the lack of access to basic necessities such as food, clothing, and shelter. It also describes individuals whose living conditions prevent them from obtaining quality education, seeking medical care, securing stable employment, or participating in recreational activities due to financial limitations. However, poverty is not just about money, it is also about being left out of society and affected by economic problems, both within a country and around the world.

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It is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations (UN) in 2015. The primary aim that the UN wants to achieve is to end poverty in all its forms everywhere, by 2030. They have set their goal to eradicate extreme poverty and reduce the proportion of people living in poverty in all its dimensions. This includes a lack of access to basic services like food, shelter, healthcare, and education. There are five main targets under this goal:

1. End extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured as those living on less than $1.90 a day.

2. Reduce by at least half the proportion of people of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions (not just income, but also access to basic services).

3. Ensure equal access for all women and men to economic resources, basic services, technology, and ownership of land and other productive resources.

4. Build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations to climate change, economic shocks, and other crises.

5. Ensure that all people, especially the poor and vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, access to basic services, and property ownership or control over land and natural resources.

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Yes, it is important. Poverty is a critical issue that affects every aspect of life. Individuals living in poverty often struggle to meet their basic needs, which makes it harder for them to access education, healthcare, or employment opportunities. Therefore, if poverty is not addressed, achieving other SDGs, such as good health, quality education, and gender equality, becomes much more challenging.

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1. Absolute Poverty:

A condition where individuals lack the basic necessities for survival, such as food, clean water, and shelter, typically measured by living on less than a specified income of $1.90 a day.

2. Relative Poverty:

A state where individuals have significantly less income or resources compared to others in the same society, leading to social exclusion and a lower standard of living.

3. Situational Poverty:

Temporary poverty caused by specific events or circumstances such as job loss, natural disasters, or health crises, is often recoverable once the situation improves.

4. Chronic Poverty:

Long-term poverty that persists over extended periods, often spanning multiple generations, due to systemic barriers like lack of access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.

5. Urban Poverty:

Poverty experienced in cities or urban areas, where high living costs, overcrowding, and limited access to affordable housing and services make it difficult for low-income individuals to meet their needs.

6. Rural Poverty:

Poverty in rural areas where access to basic services like healthcare, education, and infrastructure is limited, and livelihoods are often reliant on agriculture or small-scale industries.

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1. Lack of Education:
Limited access to quality education prevents individuals from acquiring skills for well-paying jobs, trapping them in low income and poverty.

2. Unemployment and Underemployment:
High unemployment rates or jobs that don't pay enough to meet basic needs contribute significantly to poverty. Underemployment, where individuals work part-time or in low-paying jobs despite having the skills for better opportunities, also contributes.

3. Global Economic Factors:
Economic recessions, inflation, and market fluctuations lead to job losses, reduced wages, and economic hardships for vulnerable populations.

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1. Poor Health:
Poverty leads to limited healthcare, malnutrition, and poor living conditions, resulting in higher rates of disease, premature death, and chronic illness.

2. Mental and Emotional Stress:
Struggling to meet basic needs can cause stress, anxiety, and other mental health issues for individuals and families in poverty.

3. Increased Crime and Violence:
Poverty is often linked to higher crime rates as individuals may turn to illegal activities for survival.

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1. Improving Education Access

Government should increase access to quality education for all, especially for marginalized groups. Providing scholarships, improving school infrastructure, and making education more affordable can help break the cycle of poverty.

2. Creating Job Opportunities

Government and private sector should promote economic growth through job creation, skills training, and support for small businesses. This includes encouraging entrepreneurship, improving job market access, and ensuring fair wages.

3. Providing Access to Healthcare

Government should ensure affordable and accessible healthcare services for all, especially for low-income and rural populations. Health insurance programs and free or subsidised medical care are effective initiatives that can be implemented so that those individuals can maintain their health and work well to earn a good income.

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This excellent student has potential to pursue her study in MRSM, but her family can't afford it.

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Many young people in Malaysia are underpaid and underemployed.

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The cost of living in Malaysia has increased.