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The first amendment protects many things such as; freedom of religion, speech, assembly, and press. This may be shown if a group of citizens is advocating for themselves like the Black Lives Matter movement. The case of Tinker vs. Des Moines took place as three students in public schooling wore black armbands as a protest for the Vietnam War. They fought in court that their first amendment rights were violated.

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The second amendment protects the right to protect yourself if needed. This being in cases of unlawful violence. An example is if someone breaks into your home, you have the right to protect yourself with your weapon. In the case of the District of Columbia vs. Heller, Heller was a police officer authorized to carry a handgun on duty. But, he applied to have one for himself off duty without having a license and was denied. He sued for violation of his 2nd amendment rights.

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The third amendment protects soldiers from being quartered in private homes during peace time. This was shown in real time when president Harry Truman tried to forcibly seize Steel Mills that were privately owned. In the case of Engblom vs Carey it was ruled that the third amendment was violated.

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The fourth amendment protects people from being unreasonably searched and having unreasonable seizures by the government. This may be used if the cops show up at someones house to search it but do not have a warrant or reason. In the case of Mapp vs. Ohio, police officers forced their way into Mapp's house without a proper search warrant. Mapp was arrested for something that had to do with what they were looking for and she argued in court that it violated her fourth amendment right. The court voted in favor of Mapp saying that the evidence was seized unlawfully and without a warrant and therefore could not be used.

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The fifth amendment ensures protection against self-incrimination, meaning that individuals may not be forced to provide evidence or give testimony that could be used against them. This may be used if someone is asked to testify in court but they feel that they might incriminate themselves. This was interpreted in the popular case of Miranda vs. Arizona when Miranda was arrested and questioned by police officers in the police station in regards to a kidnapping. His confessions were later used as evidence in the trial. The decided in favor of Miranda saying his fifth amendment rights were violated with he interrogation.

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The sixth amendment allows for a fast and public trial and allows for the person to have a lawyer. This is shown as less wealthy people maybe be given a lawyer in court to represent them and speak for them. In the case of Gideon vs. Wainwright, Gideon requested that he would be appointed an attorney. The court decided unanimously in favor of Gideon guaranteeing the right to legal counsels.

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The seventh amendment protects the right for citizens to have a jury trial in court. This being in cases like lawsuits between businesses or people. This may be shown if two businesses had a deal and they both believe the other did not hold that deal, and they go to court for it. In the case of Dairy Queen vs. Wood, Dairy Queen sued for contract breach and trademark infringement. Dairy Queen requested injunction and sought damages. Wood demanded a jury trial for the damage claim. The court ruled in favor of Wood, preserving the right to a jury trial.

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The eighth amendment protects against cruel and unusual punishment. An example of this would be a prison guard being deliberately indifferent to a prisoners illness or injury. In the case of Atkins vs. Virginia, Atkins was convicted of armed robbery, abduction, and capital murder. The court had sentenced him to death. The Virginia Supreme Court rejected Akins' contention that he could not be sentenced to death due to his mental standing. So, in the end the court ruled that executions of the mentally hindered are "cruel and unusual punishment and therefore violate the eighth amendment.

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The ninth amendment protects that the rights of citizens will be protected whether they are listed or not. This may be used for things such as privacy within marriages. In the case of Griswold vs. Connecticut, Griswold and a gynecologist from the school of Yale opened a birth control clinic in New Haven. They were arrested and convicted of violating the law. The court ruled that the ninth amendment does in fact protect the right of marital privacy against state restrictions on contraceptives.

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The tenth amendment states that any powers not constitutionally given to the federal government, nor prohibited to the states are reserved to the states respectively. This was violated when the federal government asked that the state was required to perform background checks on all gun buyers. The case of Printz vs. United States was based around this requirement by Congress. The court ultimately decided that the federal government violated the tenth amendment.