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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T2HAVuld0_0

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Educational Videos for Students (Cartoons on Bullying, Leadership & More)

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What is Juneteenth? Watch a Juneteenth Cartoon (Fun Facts about Juneteenth)

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NORTH

The northern soil and climate favored smaller farmsteads rather than large plantations. Industry flourished, fueled by more abundant natural resources than in the South, and many large cities were established (New York was the largest city with more than 800,000 inhabitants). By 1860, one quarter of all Northerners lived in urban areas. Between 1800 and 1860, the percentage of laborers working in agricultural pursuits dropped drastically from 70% to only 40%. Slavery had died out, replaced in the cities and factories by immigrant labor from Europe. In fact an overwhelming majority of immigrants, seven out of every eight, settled in the North rather than the South. Transportation was easier in the North, which boasted more than two-thirds of the railroad tracks in the country and the economy was on an upswing.

Far more Northerners than Southerners belonged to the Whig/Republican political party and they were far more likely to have careers in business, medicine, or education. In fact, an engineer was six times as likely to be from the North as from the South. Northern children were slightly more prone to attend school than Southern children.

SOUTH
The fertile soil and warm climate of the South made it ideal for large-scale farms and crops like tobacco and cotton. Because agriculture was so profitable few Southerners saw a need for industrial development. Eighty percent of the labor force worked on the farm. Although two-thirds of Southerners owned no slaves at all, by 1860 the South's "peculiar institution" was inextricably tied to the region's economy and culture. In fact, there were almost as many blacks - but slaves and free - in the South as there were whites (4 million blacks and 5.5 million whites). There were no large cities aside from New Orleans, and most of the ones that did exist were located on rivers and coasts as shipping ports to send agricultural produce to European or Northern destinations.

Only one-tenth of Southerners lived in urban areas and transportation between cities was difficult, except by water.  Only 35% of the nation's train tracks were located in the South. Also, in 1860, the South's agricultural economy was beginning to stall while the Northern manufacturers were experiencing a boom.

A slightly smaller percentage of white Southerners were literate than their Northern counterparts, and Southern children tended to spend less time in school. As adults, Southern men tended to belong to the Democratic political party and gravitated toward military careers as well as agriculture.

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her name is jessica doo doo
she alwasy be sucking that bamboo
and she looks alot like caliou
she smell like fish stew
she likes cockatoos
and has a weird hairdo
she bad at playing kazoo
shes shaped like a shoe
and she fell of a canoe

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the civil war makes me very agitated and irritated and i don't like it at all don't like learning about it cause it makes me sad because so many people died and i really don't like because those strong fighters fought for their country and so many of those brave soldiers died and its so sad and i bet there families were very worried whenever they went to war because they have no idea if that family member in war will come back alive or dead or even injured this was an unbelievable thing and those people were risking their lives to protect our country WHY RESULT IN VIOLENCE there are so many different ways to sort things instead of violence many innocents died many families torn apart from the deaths and there are only few people still alive or that survived that can still tell their stories of war. they really should have sorted this out in another way peacefully

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george Thompson Ruby (1841-1882) was a prominent black Republican leader in Reconstruction-era Texas. Born in New York and raised in Portland, Maine, he worked in Boston and Haiti before starting teaching in New Orleans, Louisiana before the end of the American Civil War.

Moving to Galveston, Texas in 1866, where he worked as an agent for the Freedmen's Bureau, Ruby also organized for the new Republican Party. He served as one of ten African Americans elected to the 1868-69 state constitutional convention,[1] in the Texas senate, and as a delegate to two Republican Party national conventions. At the first he was the only African American delegate from Texas.[1] He also was active with labor unions, founding and serving as president of the Texas Colored Labor Convention. He earned a reputation as an educator of Louisiana blacks, returning to New Orleans in 1874 after the white Democratic takeover of the Texas government. He worked as a journalist in that city.

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In the spring of 1865, the Civil War came to an end, leaving over 620,000 dead and a devastating path of destruction throughout the south. The North now faced the task of reconstructing the ravaged and indignant Confederate states. There were many important questions that needed to be answered as the nation faced the challenges of peace:

Who would direct the process of Reconstruction? The South itself, Congress, or the President?

Should the Confederate leaders be tried for treason?

How would the south, both physically and economically devastated, be rebuilt? And at whose expense?

How would the south be readmitted and reintegrated into the Union?

What should be done with over four million freed slaves? Were they to be given land, social equality, education, and voting rights?

On April 11, 1865, two days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s surrender, President Abraham Lincoln delivered his last public address, during which he described a generous Reconstruction policy and urged compassion and open-mindedness throughout the process. He pronounced that the Confederate states had never left the Union, which was in direct opposition to the views of Radical Republican Congressmen who felt the Confederate states had seceded from the Union and should be treated like “conquered provinces.”

On April 14, Lincoln held a Cabinet meeting to discuss post-war rebuilding in detail. President Lincoln wanted to get southern state governments in operation before Congress met in December in order to avoid the persecution of the vindictive Radical Republicans. That same night, while Lincoln was watching a play at Ford’s Theatre, a fanatical Southern actor, John Wilkes Booth, crept up behind Lincoln and shot him in the head. Lincoln died the following day, leaving the South with little hope for a non-vindictive Reconstruction.

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John Henninger Reagan, (born October 8, 1818, Sevier County, Tennessee, U.S.—died March 6, 1905, Palestine, Texas), American congressman who was postmaster general of the Confederate States of America and later coauthor of the bill creating the U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission.

Reagan went to Texas in 1839 and fought against the Cherokees. He worked as a surveyor and studied law, and, by the time he was admitted to the bar in 1848, he had already served as a justice of the peace and a county judge. He quickly became one of the leading lawyers in Texas. In 1847 he won a seat in the state legislature, and in 1852 he was elected to a six-year term as district judge. In 1856 Reagan won a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was reelected two years later, despite his denunciation of the position of proslavery extremists.

In 1861, however, Reagan became deeply involved in the secession movement. He was first elected to the Texas secession convention and then sent by that convention to the provisional Congress of the Confederacy. By March 1861 he was postmaster general of the Confederacy, a position he held until the Confederacy collapsed. A capable administrator, he kept the post office running efficiently and, during the last few weeks of the Civil War, also served as treasury secretary.

After the war, Reagan returned to his home in Palestine, Texas. During the following decade he became active in the railroad business and successfully sought a rail line to serve Palestine. In 1875 he returned to the U.S. House of Representatives, and he was reelected continuously thereafter. In 1887 he took a seat in the Senate. While in Congress he served on both the House and Senate commerce committees, and he cowrote the bill establishing the Interstate Commerce Commission.

In 1891 Reagan accepted appointment to the Texas Railroad Commission and served as its chairman from 1897 to 1903, when he retired from public life.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen, Corrections Manager.

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