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First the mouth is where digestion starts, the food gets broken down into small pieces by the teeth. When the food comes into the mouth it will trigger the salivary glands to secrete a watery liquid known as saliva. Saliva has enzymes that further help break down the food.

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One of these enzymes is called amylase which helps break down starch, so it will help break down the bread part of the grilled cheese sandwich.

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Once the sandwich is all chewed and mixed with saliva it gets pushed to the back of the mouth and swallowed. When the food reaches the pharynx a few key things happen, the soft palate raises to cover the nasal passage (no food goes up the nose), the larynx is raised against the epiglottis, a small peice of tissue that covers the trachea passage (no food goes down the airways).

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Once swallowed the food moves down the esophagus to travel towards the stomach. The esophagus is a tube made of muscle that connects the passage of food from the pharynx to the stomach. When the food starts to go down the esophagus it begins to contract and release pushing the food further and further down.

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When the food goes into the stomach it passes through the first sphincter.

Inside the stomach the chemical breakdown of the food continues when a substance called pepsinogen is secreted from the stomach walls  and gastrin releases gastric acid (HCl, KCl NaCl) from the walls, then they mix to create pepsin, an enzyme that helps break down foods in your stomach.
*HCl - Hydrochloric Acid: breaks down protein in the stomach (would aid with breaking down the bacon)

There are also mucus pits in the stomach layers that release mucus to protect the stomach from it's own acidic secretions.

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Once the food is broken down and chemically changed in the stomach it then moves out the second sphincter at the bottom of the stomach to continue through the body.

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This is when the food begins to move through the intestinal tracks, so when the food fist exits the stomach it goes into the duodenum, the first section of the small intestine. In this stage the liver adds bile to the intestine and the pancreas releases enzymes into the intestine both aid with breaking down food. The bile will help break down and digest fats, so in this case the cheese in the sandwich.

A part of this is also the gallbladder, it holds and makes bile more concentrated so it can break down fats more effectively. This aids with breaking down the cheese (lipids) in the sandwich.

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**There is also an enzyme the pancreas creates called lipase which specifically breaks sown butter fat going through your system, this is useful in this case because butter was used on the outside of the grilled cheese.

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In this stage there are also bicarbonate ions that aid to keep the acidity, the pH level of the duodenum in check throughout the process. As well as a hormone called secretin that is released into the blood, by the duodenum, to stimulate the liver and pancreas to secrete their substances into the system. Similar to this is the cholecystokinin which is also released by the duodenum to stimulate the release of bile and enzymes into the intestines.

Enterokinase is another enzyme, it uses pancreatic secretion, trypsinogen, to create a new enzyme that digest proteins, trypsin, in the duodenum, so this is what will break down the bacon even more.

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When the food enters the small intestine, the nutrients begin to be absorbed into the body, hence the name absorption, but the most nutrients are absorbed from the food in the jejunum, the middle part of the small intestine.

And the last part of the small intestine is called the ileum, this is the longest part of the small intestine, spanning 3.5 meters long. Since it is so long it has many things  happening to the food as it passes through.

Inside the ileum one of the things that is secreted is erepsis, a mixture of enzymes that changes proteins in the intestine into amino acids for the body. *This is good because it can turn the bacon into healthy acids the body can absorb and use.* And the last thing that happens in the small intestine, happens all through out, is the absorption of bile salts, bile salt is the potassium and sodium from the bile which gets almost all (approx. 95%) absorbed by the ileum before moving on.

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Dowshen, Steven. “Digestive System.” Kids Health, August, 2015, kidshealth.org/en/teens/digestive-system.html.

Nelson, Rob. “Digestive System.” Untamed Science, October, 2013, /www.untamedscience.com/biology/human/digestive-system/.

Rogers, Kara. “Ileum.” Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, (n.d.), www.britannica.com/science/ileum.

Marie, Joanne. “What Are The Functions Of Amylase, Protease and Lipase Digestive Enzymes.” Healthy Eating, 12 December 2018, healthyeating.sfgate.com/functions-amylase-protease-lipase-digestive-enzymes-3325.html.

“Human Digestive System”. Pixabay, April 25, 2012, pixabay.com/vectors/digestive-system-human-digestion-41529/.

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Then the food moves onto the large intestine where the final changes are happening. Since there aren't many nutrients left at this point the main job of the large intestine is water absorption. The colon is a part of the large intestine that helps with this, it aids in absorbing water and processing the waste through the large intestine.

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Once the food has been stripped of all it's nutrients and has been completely digested in the body it is time for the waste that is left over to exit the body. You don't need anything that is left after the large intestine so this the the waste that leaves the body. So after the large intestine the waste goes into the rectum, the very end of the intestinal tract, and then the waste is pushed out the anus.

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Even though there aren't many nutrients left there are still some vitamins and minerals there, and these are taken by many little kinds of bacteria that break it down and return those good nutrients vitamins to the body. These bacteria produce gases which is the ultimate result of a person having gas.

The food is now fully digested through the body and ready to exit.

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That is the end of the digestive system. So every time you eat this entire process happens inside your body to take what you need from that and leave what is left that your body doesn't need.