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8F roll no:4

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One kingdom after another was
annexed simply by applying this
doctrine: Satara (1848), Sambalpur
(1850), Udaipur (1852), Nagpur
(1853) and Jhansi (1854).

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The doctrine declared that if an
Indian ruler died without a male heir
his kingdom would “lapse”, that is,
become part of Company territory.

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He devised a policy that came to be
known as the Doctrine of Lapse.

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The final wave of annexations
occurred under Lord Dalhousie who
was the Governor-General from
1848 to 1856.

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Order in which the Indian States entered into Subsidiary Alliances

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Order in which the Indian States entered into Subsidiary Alliances

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1)Hyderabad (1798)

2)Mysore (1799 – After Tipu Sultan was defeated in
the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War)

3)Tanjore (1799)

4)Awadh (1801)

5)Peshwa (Marathas) (1802)

6)Scindia (Marathas) (1803)

7)Gaekwad (Marathas) (1803)

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Hyderabad was also forced to cede territories on similar grounds.

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If the Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of their territory
was taken away as penalty. For example, when Richard Wellesley was Governor
General (1798-1805), the Nawab of Awadh was forced to give over half of his
territory to the Company in 1801, as he failed to pay for the “subsidiary
forces”.

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They were to be protected by the Company, but had to pay for the “subsidiary
forces” that the Company was supposed to maintain for the purpose of this
protection.

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Sometimes the Company forced the states into a “subsidiary alliance”.

According to the terms of this alliance, Indian rulers were not allowed to have
their independent armed forces.

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They tried to decide who was to be the successor to the throne, and who was
to be appointed in administrative posts.

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Through the Residents, the Company officials began interfering in the internal
affairs of Indian states.

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They were political or commercial agents and their job was to serve and
further the interests of the Company.

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After the Battle of Buxar (1764), the Company appointed Residents in Indian

states.