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Benefits of CoalCoal energy has three main advantages when compared to other sources of renewable and nonrenewable energy. It is abundant, relatively inexpensive and requires lower capital expenditures to construct a coal-burning power plant. Found in more than 70 countries around the world, coal reserves are estimated at close to 1 trillion tons. The reserves are expected to outlast oil and gas. This creates long-term stable prices. The largest concentrations of coal are also in major industrialized countries like Russia, China, India and the United States.

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Benefits of CoalCoal energy has three main advantages when compared to other sources of renewable and nonrenewable energy. It is abundant, relatively inexpensive and requires lower capital expenditures to construct a coal-burning power plant. Found in more than 70 countries around the world, coal reserves are estimated at close to 1 trillion tons. The reserves are expected to outlast oil and gas. This creates long-term stable prices. The largest concentrations of coal are also in major industrialized countries like Russia, China, India and the United States.

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Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL), Western Coalfields Limited (WCL), South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) and Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (CMPDI).

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Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL), Western Coalfields Limited (WCL), South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) and Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (CMPDI).

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It can be estimated that the labour productivity ofthe Indian coal mining sector improved by about 6.6%per year in the period 2000-14, as output grew by 4.9%per year and employment in the sector declined by 1.8%per year.16 This is similar to the rate of labour productivityimprovement seen in the period 1980-1995 in theUK, during which the Thatcher reforms disrupted theheavily unionized sector, ushering in rapid productivityimprovements, but also lasting socio-economic damageto coal mining regions.17 India’s labour productivity of coalmining still has some way to fall, being about two timeshigher than the global average

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It can be estimated that the labour productivity ofthe Indian coal mining sector improved by about 6.6%per year in the period 2000-14, as output grew by 4.9%per year and employment in the sector declined by 1.8%per year.16 This is similar to the rate of labour productivityimprovement seen in the period 1980-1995 in theUK, during which the Thatcher reforms disrupted theheavily unionized sector, ushering in rapid productivityimprovements, but also lasting socio-economic damageto coal mining regions.17 India’s labour productivity of coalmining still has some way to fall, being about two timeshigher than the global average

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Besides playing a crucial role in the energy sector, coal is traditionally considered as an important economic sector in the country. It provides employment to around 355,000 people, although there is significant uncertainty around these numbers and the actual number is likely to be somewhat higher (maybe in the order of 500,000 direct jobs).13 As seen in the figure below, the employment of labour in this sector has been decreasing substantially, because of rapid improvements in labour productivity.1

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Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crosses 300 million tonnes.2001-02	Laying down of a minimum internal rate of return of 12% at 85% capacity utilization as cut off for the development of a project.

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Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crosses 300 million tonnes.2001-02	Laying down of a minimum internal rate of return of 12% at 85% capacity utilization as cut off for the development of a project.

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Corporatization of the financial flow between our Company and Subsidiaries, such that our Company is to receive only dividends under applicable policy from our Subsidiaries and the corpus of our Company was to be utilized to provide strategic support to a loss making entity only for, inter alia, maintaining their productive capital assets.Sanction of loan of USD 1.03 billion from the World Bank and the Japanese Bank for International Co-operation for implementing 24 highly viable open case projects with global sourcing of equipments, of which USD 484.40 million was availed during the period between Fiscal 1998 to Fiscal 2004.1996-97	Rating of 'A+', indicating adequate safety with regard to timely payment of interest and principal, awarded by CRISIL in respect of the Rs. 4,000 million bond issue by our Company.Adoption of financial viability as the basis for approval of coal development projects.Discontinuation of retention prices scheme and the Coal Price Regulation Account (CPRA), with the deregulation in prices of certain grades of coal.

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Corporatization of the financial flow between our Company and Subsidiaries, such that our Company is to receive only dividends under applicable policy from our Subsidiaries and the corpus of our Company was to be utilized to provide strategic support to a loss making entity only for, inter alia, maintaining their productive capital assets.Sanction of loan of USD 1.03 billion from the World Bank and the Japanese Bank for International Co-operation for implementing 24 highly viable open case projects with global sourcing of equipments, of which USD 484.40 million was availed during the period between Fiscal 1998 to Fiscal 2004.1996-97	Rating of 'A+', indicating adequate safety with regard to timely payment of interest and principal, awarded by CRISIL in respect of the Rs. 4,000 million bond issue by our Company.Adoption of financial viability as the basis for approval of coal development projects.Discontinuation of retention prices scheme and the Coal Price Regulation Account (CPRA), with the deregulation in prices of certain grades of coal.

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Approval of a financial restructuring package by the Government, whereby Rs. 8,917 million of interest liability was waived, Rs. 9,041.8 million of plan loan repayment arrears was converted to preference equity and Rs. 4,326.4 million of non plan payment arrears were allowed a moratorium for repayment and interest accrual for a period of three years, to be repaid in three equal instalments.A profit of Rs. 6,116 million in Fiscal 1996 was earned by our Company.1992-93	Formation of MCL as our Subsidiary to manage mines Talcher and IB valley in the state of Orissa.

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Approval of a financial restructuring package by the Government, whereby Rs. 8,917 million of interest liability was waived, Rs. 9,041.8 million of plan loan repayment arrears was converted to preference equity and Rs. 4,326.4 million of non plan payment arrears were allowed a moratorium for repayment and interest accrual for a period of three years, to be repaid in three equal instalments.A profit of Rs. 6,116 million in Fiscal 1996 was earned by our Company.1992-93	Formation of MCL as our Subsidiary to manage mines Talcher and IB valley in the state of Orissa.

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Uptrend of profit started in 1991 and our Company earned a profit of Rs. 1,670 million in Fiscal 1992.Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crossed 200 million tonnes.Fixing of coal prices once a year to compensate for increase in price of inputs on a normative cost basis, and adoption of the escalation formula prescribed by the Bureau of Industrial Cost and Prices ("BICP").

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Uptrend of profit started in 1991 and our Company earned a profit of Rs. 1,670 million in Fiscal 1992.Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crossed 200 million tonnes.Fixing of coal prices once a year to compensate for increase in price of inputs on a normative cost basis, and adoption of the escalation formula prescribed by the Bureau of Industrial Cost and Prices ("BICP").

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Blasting Gallery Method' introduced at East Katras mine under BCCL and Chora mine under ECL.

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Blasting Gallery Method' introduced at East Katras mine under BCCL and Chora mine under ECL.

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Formation of NCL and SECL as Subsidiaries of our Company, to manage certain mines managed by WCL and CCL

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Formation of NCL and SECL as Subsidiaries of our Company, to manage certain mines managed by WCL and CCL

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Introduction of retention prices of coal by amending the Colliery Control Order, 1945 by notification dated March 31, 1982, in respect of our Subsidiaries.

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Introduction of retention prices of coal by amending the Colliery Control Order, 1945 by notification dated March 31, 1982, in respect of our Subsidiaries.

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Construction of five new washeries: Moonidih washery, Ramgarh washery, Mohuda washery, Barora washery, Kedla washery.Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crossed 100 million tonnes.

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Construction of five new washeries: Moonidih washery, Ramgarh washery, Mohuda washery, Barora washery, Kedla washery.Overall production of coal by our Company and our Subsidiaries crossed 100 million tonnes.

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Construction of the low temperature carbonized plant started in Dankuni Coal Complex.The pricing policy of CMPDIL was reviewed to ensure that the company was working on a commercial line instead of working on "no profit no loss" basis.

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Construction of the low temperature carbonized plant started in Dankuni Coal Complex.The pricing policy of CMPDIL was reviewed to ensure that the company was working on a commercial line instead of working on "no profit no loss" basis.

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Change of name of our Company to 'Coal India Limited'.Incorporation of CMPDIL, ECL and WCL, and formation of BCCL, CCL, CMPDIL, ECL and WCL, as our Subsidiaries.

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Change of name of our Company to 'Coal India Limited'.Incorporation of CMPDIL, ECL and WCL, and formation of BCCL, CCL, CMPDIL, ECL and WCL, as our Subsidiaries.

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Nationalization of coal mines, in order to provide for a higher growth in coal sector to meet the growing energy needs of the country.Incorporation of our Company as 'Coal Mines Authority Limited'.

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Nationalization of coal mines, in order to provide for a higher growth in coal sector to meet the growing energy needs of the country.Incorporation of our Company as 'Coal Mines Authority Limited'.

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Jharia - Jharkhand
Bokaro - Jharkhand
Godda - Jharkhand
Raniganj Coalfield - West Bengal
Birbhum Coalfield - West Bengal
Korba - Chhattisgarh
Jarsuguda - Odisha
Talcher - Odisha
Singareni - Telangana
Neyveli - Tamil Nadu
Nagpur - Maharashtra
Ledo - Assam
Singrauli - Madhya Pradesh

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State-owned enterprise Coal India is the largest coal mining company in the world. The coal sector is a major source of revenue for states and the central government. Also, while renewable energy capacity is dramatically increasing, coal still provides around 70 percent of the country's electricity

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State-owned enterprise Coal India is the largest coal mining company in the world. The coal sector is a major source of revenue for states and the central government. Also, while renewable energy capacity is dramatically increasing, coal still provides around 70 percent of the country's electricity

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#Topic 2- Prepare a brief report about the coal industry in India with focus on

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#Topic 2- Prepare a brief report about the coal industry in India with focus on