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Another thing that every wave has is frequency. Frequency is the number of complete cycles per second. The time it takes for 1 cycle to occur is called period. The unit of one second is called hertz. Something that completes one full cycle is equal to 10Hz.
Natural Frequency: The frequency at which a system oscillates when disturbed.
Periodic force: A repetitive force

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Oscillations where particles are displaced perpendicular to the wave direction.

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A mechanical wave is a vibration in matter, transferring energy through a material. Not all waves are like this. For example, electromagnetic waves such as visible light are not mechanical because they can travel through the vacuum of space to reach us from the sun.

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Oscillations where particles are displaced parallel to the wave direction.

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Medium - A substance through which a wave moves.

Crest - The highest point or peak of the wave.

Trough - The lowest point or the valley of a wave.

Wavelength - The distance from crest to crest or trough to trough.

Amplitude - The length of a wave from its resting position.

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Longitudinal waves show areas of compression and rarefaction: compressions are regions of high pressure due to particles being close together. rarefactions are regions of low pressure due to particles being spread further apart.

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One of the waves that are propagated by simultaneous periodic variations of electric and magnetic field intensity and include radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.