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- VIST
This is the mechanism for evolution. It stands for variation, inheritance, selection, and time.
- Natural Selection
The process when an organism adapts and changes for its own benefit.
- Mutation
Mutation is a change in DNA sequence.
- Sexual Selection
The color or size of a certain gender to help gain mates.
- Genetic Drift
The frequency of different genotypes in a certain population.
- Bottle Neck Effect
When a species goes through an event that suddenly and significantly reduces the population.
- Founder Effect
A reduction in genetic variation when a population establishes a new colony.
- Homologous Structures
Similar structures between relate organisms.
- Vestigial Organs
Organs that have no function but remain from past ancestors.
- Ontogeny Recapitulates  Phylogeny
Also called Recpitulation Theory, suggests that an organism's development will take it through each of the adult stages of its evolutionary history, or its phylogeny.
- Molecular Evolution
The change of sequence in DNA or RNA molecules.

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Convergent evolution is when different organisms independently evolve similar traits.

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Divergent evolution is the process whereby groups from the same common ancestor evolve and accumulate differences, resulting in the formation of new species.

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- South Pacific
- 20 different subspecies
- very territorial

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- mainly targets males
- called Wolbachia
- Wolbachia lives inside the reproductive cells
- this parasite kills the males because they are "useless" for the bacteria's survival
- because of this parasite the male percentage dropped to 1%

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- males developed a "suppressor gene"
- as they developed immunity male population rose to 40%
- biologists believe this is one of the fastest evolutionary change ever
- the parasite is still "alive" in the butterflies but it no longer affects them