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Cell phones use electromagnetic waves in the low end of the microwave range in the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is a range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. The microwaves are used to receive and send signals. The same method is used to communicate through radios and walkie-talkie. All of these devices use a certain frequency range. A walkie-talkie uses ranges between 400-500 megahertz (MHz). A FM radio uses frequency ranges of 88-108 MHz and a cell phone 800-1900 MHz. A radio, cellphone, or walki-talkie can send out signal using electromagnetic waves to the recipient at a speed of light. An antenna detects this because it makes electrons move in the antenna. Then the antenna needs to find the correct wave by using a tuner,

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A wave is a disturbance that travels through a medium ( a substance or material that carries the wave) from one location to another. Consider a slinky to be your wave, once you move your slinky back and forth or down and up, it will return to its first position. When you first moved the slinky in any direction you created a disturbance.

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You can categorize waves based on their direction of movement, leading to three categories transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves.

Transverse waves - is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a bearing opposite to the course that the wave moves. The waves are vibrating at a right angle (perpendicular) to the direction the wave is traveling. If a slinky is stretched out horizontally and pressure is applied on the left end by moving it up and down, then energy is being transported throughout the slinky making each individual coil of the medium go up and down.

Longitudinal waves - is a wave that its particles are vibrating in the direction that the waves move. The particles are moving parallel to the motion of energy. An example of this would be sound waves. When a person speaks to another, sound waves move from the lips of the speaker to the other persons ears. The air particles move back and forth in the same and opposite direction in order to move to the listener.

Surface waves - is when waves travel in circular motion, only the waves at the surface of the medium undergo this because the motion of the waves tends to decrease as it goes farther away from the surface.

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Mechanical waves differs from electromagnetic waves because they rely on a medium to propagate or to transfer their energy from one location to another. Electromagnetic waves do not need a material medium to transfer energy. This is the reason why they can travel in the vaccum of space. Sound waves are an example of mechanical waves because they cannot travel through the vaccum of space. More examples would be slinky waves, water waves, stadium waves, and jump rope waves. Each of these examples need a medium material. Also, mechanical waves have a limited amount of distance of travel. If you strum a guitar it will not keep on making noise, it will eventually stop.

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Electromagnetic waves are waves that can travel to the vaccum of space.  They are created by the vibration of electric charge. Light waves are an example of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves move in net force and  has both an electric and a magnetic component. It moves energy through a vacuum at a speed of 3.00 x 108 m/s (a speed value commonly represented by the symbol c). When they are moving threw a medium the propagation would be a net sped less than.00 x 108 m/s. The genuine speed of an electromagnetic wave through a material medium is dependent upon the optical density of that medium. The amount of delay depends on the different material because of the absorption and reemission process.