# data[].attributes.body
[HOME]

# data[].attributes.body
This is ambiguously defined as the time delay between an input and the desired output. Latency is measured in milliseconds (ms).
For example network latency is the amount of time it takes a packet of data to reach it's destination, though it is commonly used to define the time taken for information to reach a destination then return to the source as well.

Many things can cause/affect network latency:

Propagation - The time taken for information at maximum speed to travel a distance.

Transmission - The process of the transmission can cause delays depending on the type of wire/cabling used, the size of the packet, and if repeaters are present in the system.

Network Processing - Gateway nodes require time to analyse/modify packet headers.

Network Traffic - A WAN busy directing other traffic will cause latency across all packets.

Latency can also refer to the delay in an input-output process within a computer system.
There are several things that can cause computer latency:

Processor load - If the processor is busy with other processes delays will be caused throughout.

Asynchronous - If the processor clock isn't in sync with a destination (ie peripherals, other computers) then some latency will be created.

Issues
Latency is noticeable by a user, causing frustration and low productivity, if it increases beyond 30ms, though acceptable latency varies hugely depending on the situation.

# data[].attributes.body
This is the amount of information that can be sent through a channel at once. For example across a home network, the bandwidth defines the maximum amount of information that can be transmit at once.

# data[].attributes.body
The number of signal changes per second

Baud rate is measured using standard metric units based on the baud (Bd).
1000 Bd    = 1 KBd
1000 KBd  = 1 MBd
1000 MBd = 1 GBd

# data[].attributes.body
Do not confuse a kilobyte (KB) with a kilobit (Kb).
8 Bits = 1 Byte

# data[].attributes.body
The number of bits transmitted per second

Bit rate is measured using standard metric units based on the bit (b).
1000 bits per second = 1Kbps
1000 Kbps  = 1Mbps
1000 Mbps = 1 Gbps

# data[].attributes.body
A Full Duplex system

# data[].attributes.body
A Half Duplex system

# data[].attributes.body
Synchronous
This is where the transmitter and receiver of information are in time with each other; their clocks are in sync.

Asynchronous
Simply the opposite of synchronous - the sender and receiver are not in sync.

Simplex
A one-way only communication standard; information can travel in only one direction.

TV and radio broadcasts, CCTV cameras, microphones.

Half Duplex
Identical to Simplex in that information can only travel in one direction at once, though the direction can be reversed.

Walkie-Talkie (Two-way radio)

Duplex
Information can travel in either direction simultaneously. This can be achieved by connecting two Simplex channels directing in opposite directions.

Telephones, most modern communications devices