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WANTED Vacuole !!!!!     By Rachael Pearson

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Hannah Hepburn. WANTED-Have you seen this organelle?-Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Hannah Hepburn. WANTED-Have you seen this organelle?-Endoplasmic Reticulum

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www.dictonary.com
https://www.quora.com/Where-is-the-endoplasmic-reticulum-located
www.britannica.c

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Have you seen this organelle? - Endoplasmic Reticulum

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Copy of Wanted Poster Template - Made with PosterMyWall

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Nucleus Wanted Poster

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Endoplasmic Reticulum ( rough and smooth )

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All About Vacuole

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A plant cell vacuole is surrounded by a single membrane called the tonoplast. Vacuoles are formed when vesicles, released by the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, merge together. Newly developing plant cells typically contain a number of smaller vacuoles. As the cell matures, a large central vacuole forms from the fusion of smaller vacuoles. The central vacuole can occupy up to 90% of the cell's volume.

Vacuole Function

Plant cell vacuoles perform a number of functions in a cell including:

Turgor pressure control - turgor pressure is the force exerted against the cell wall as the contents of the cell push the plasma membrane against the cell wall. The water filled central vacuole exerts pressure on the cell wall to help plant structures remain rigid and erect.​

Growth - the central vacuole aids in cell elongation by absorbing water and exerting turgor pressure on the cell wall. This growth is aided by the release of certain proteins that reduce cell wall rigidity.​

Storage - vacuoles store important minerals, water, nutrients, ions, waste products, small molecules, enzymes, and plant pigments.​

Molecule degradation - the internal acidic environment of a vacuole aids in the degradation of larger molecules sent to the vacuole for destruction. The tonoplast helps to create this acidic environment by transporting hydrogen ions from the cytoplasm into the vacuole. The low pH environment activates enzymes, which degrade biological polymers.​

Detoxification - vacuoles remove potentially toxic substances from the cytosol, such as excess heavy metals and herbicides.​

Protection - some vacuoles store and release chemicals that are poisonous or taste bad to deter predators from consuming the plant.​

Seed germination - vacuoles are a source of nutrients for seeds during germination. They store the necessary carbohydrates, proteins, and fats needed for growth.

Plant vacuoles function similarly in plants as lysosomes in animal cells. Lysosomes are membranous sacs of enzymes that digest cellular macromolecules. Vacuoles and lysosomes also participate in programmed cell death. Programmed cell death in plants occurs by a process called autolysis ( auto- lysis). Plant autolysis is a naturally occurring process in which a plant cell is destroyed by its own enzymes. In an ordered series of events, the vacuole tonoplast ruptures releasing its contents into the cell cytoplasm. Digestive enzymes from the vacuole then degrade the entire cell.

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A plant cell vacuole is surrounded by a single membrane called the tonoplast. Vacuoles are formed when vesicles, released by the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, merge together. Newly developing plant cells typically contain a number of smaller vacuoles. As the cell matures, a large central vacuole forms from the fusion of smaller vacuoles.

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Nucleus