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Chlamydia is caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis.

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Chlamydia is caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis.

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The signs and symptoms of a chlamydia infection depend on the part of the body infected. Symptoms of chlamydia in men include the following:

Painful urination

Burning and itching around the opening of the penis

Clear or cloudy discharge from the tip of the penis

Pain and swelling around the testicles

Rectal pain or bleeding

Inflamed eye

Symptoms of chlamydia in women include the following:

Abnormal vaginal discharge that may have an odor

Bleeding between periods

Painful periods

Abdominal pain with fever

Pain during sex

Itching or burning in or around the vagina

Painful urination

Rectal pain or discharge

Inflamed eye

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Signs of an eye infection are:

Yellow-green eye drainage

Swelling of the eyelid

Signs of pneumonia are:

Fast breathing

Trouble breathing

Fever

Coughing

More sleepy than usual

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Chlamydia can be easily cured with antibiotics. HIV-positive persons with chlamydia should receive the same treatment as those who are HIV-negative.

Persons with chlamydia should abstain from sexual activity for 7 days after single dose antibiotics or until completion of a 7-day course of antibiotics, to prevent spreading the infection to partners.

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For women, the long-term effects of an untreated chlamydia infection may include:

Severe infection with pain and fever requiring a hospital stay

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, an infection of the upper reproductive tract

Scarring in the reproductive tract that causes infertility

Higher risk of ectopic pregnancy

Men are less likely than women to have major health problems linked to chlamydia, although they can develop epididymis, an inflammation of a structure within the testicles called the epididymis that can result in infertility.

A chlamydia infection can sometimes result in reactive arthritis in both men and women.