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- American War and Declaration of Independence:
- all men are independent except black people (slavery since 1640) -> still essential part

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Abraham Lincoln:
- might try to abolish slavery
- Southern States left Union

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Northern States wanted to force Southern States back in the Union:
- American Civil War begun

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President Lincoln signed Emancipation Proclamation:
- freeing slaves

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- Northern States won American War
- Ku Klux Clan founded (racist organization)

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- blacks equal protection under the law (still separated and disadvantaged in daily life)
- all citizens are able to vote (African Americans still underdogs)

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- U.S. Supreme Court declared that facilities for blacks and whites could be “separate but equal.”

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- worse paid jobs
- discouraged from joining miltary

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President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802
- prohibition of any kind of racial discrimination

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- President Harry Truman initiated a civil rights agenda and in 1948 issued Executive Order 9981:
- end discrimination in the military

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- segregation illegal in public schools
-  Little Rock  nine threatened by other students,  mob

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- Civil Rights Act that allowed the government to prosecute who would stop others from voting

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- Rosa Parks found a seat on a Montgomery, Alabama bus
- Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) was founded

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- four students were denied the food delivery , prompting them to demonstrate and enforce their rights
- over the following days, similar demonstrations erupted in other cities until they hat what they wanted

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- more than 200000 people have visited this demostration
- the target was pushing  civil rights and job equality

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- Civil Rights Act guaranteed equal employment,  , limited the use of voter literacy tests

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- Peaceful demonstration in Alabama with 600 protesters
- Protesters didn't want to stop and were  teargassed and many  hospitalized

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- voting rights act
- president Johnson signed VRA
- allowed local poll taxes

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- Afro-American Unity founder Malcom X assassinated

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- assasination of Martin Luther King
- following riots reinforced pressure on the Johnson administration

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- Fair Housing Act, became law
- preventing housing discrimination

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1896
1896
- U.S. Supreme Court declared that facilities for blacks and whites could be “separate but equal.”