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Hammerhead sharks, large groupers, herons and humans eat stingrays.Hammerhead sharks, their biggest predator, have developed special sensors on their heads that allow them to find stingrays hiding under the sand.

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The flattened bodies of stingrays allow them to effectively conceal themselves in their environments. Stingrays do this by agitating the sand and hiding beneath it. Because their eyes are on top of their bodies and their mouths on the undersides, stingrays cannot see their prey; instead, they use smell and electroreceptors (ampullae of Lorenzini) similar to those of sharks. Stingrays feed primarily on molluscs, crustaceans, and occasionally on small fish. Some stingrays' mouths contain two powerful, shell-crushing plates, while other species only have sucking mouthparts. Stingrays settle on the bottom while feeding, often leaving only their eyes and tails visible. Coral reefs are favourite feeding grounds and are usually shared with sharks during high tide.

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Most stingrays are equipped with a serrated barb at the base of the tail.   This barb, a piece of bone-like cartilage, serves exclusively as a self defense mechanism.   The underside of the barb contains a pair of grooves which act as a channel for a set of venom glands.  Encasing the serrated barb is a thin layer of flesh which serves as a sheath, concentrating the venom within. When the barb is thrust into a stingray’s victim, that thin layer of flesh peels back, allowing the release of its venom.

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Stingrays are a Cartilaginous Fish related to sharks. Stingrays are common in coastal tropical and subtropical marine waters throughout the world. Some species, such as Dasyatis thetidis, are found in warmer temperate oceans, and others, such as Plesiobatis daviesi, are found in the deep ocean. The river stingrays, and a number of whiptail stingrays (such as the Niger stingray), are restricted to fresh water.

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Although Stingrays are not normally vicious and rarely attack humans, one was the cause of death for presenter Steve Irwin. It is believed that the stingray thought that Steves shadow was similar to that of a Tiger Shark and whipped him with vicious barbs which went through his chest