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The structure of the major Biomolecules 

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The structure of the major Biomolecules 

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More on protein structure can be found at this blog post. Nucleic acids are the second type of biomolecules that we will discuss. These molecules are responsible for all of our genetic information. You are probably very familiar with DeoxyriboNucleic Acid (DNA) and RiboNucleic Acid (RNA)

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The acronym CHNOPS, which stands for carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur.

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 Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids

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 Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids

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Many of these components of the cell are made up of

macromolecules, which simply means large molecules formed by linking together small molecules. The major macromolecules within the cell include proteins, nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, carbohydrates, and lipids.

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A biomolecule or biological molecule is any molecule that is present in living organisms, including large macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as small molecules such as primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, and natural products.

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Amount of energy that is available at each level 

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Amount of energy that is available at each level 

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All energy for life on Earth comes from the sun. After the energy leaves the sun, it is used by plants on Earth where photosynthesis converts it to sugars. The plants store chemical energy that can be used by the plants, or converted into mechanical energy within an organism  Photosynthesis is the process that explains how energy from the sun is captured by green plants and used to make food. Most of this energy is used to carry on the plant's life activities. The rest of the energy is passed on as food to the next level of the food chain.

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Organic matter is recycled in an ecosystem by decomposers. Decomposers are organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down the organic matter in the dead bodies of plants and animals. As the decomposers feed from the dead animals, they break down the organic compounds into simple nutrients.

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Herbivores are those animals, such as deer and koalas, that only eat plant material.

Omnivores are those animals, such as bears and humans, that can eat a variety of food sources, but tend to prefer one type to another.

While most carnivores, such as cats, eat only meat, facultative carnivores, such as dogs, behave more like omnivores as they can eat plant matter along with meat.

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A heterotroph is known as a consumer in the food chain. Consumers are organisms that cannot make their own food supply. They use the food that producers make, or they eat other organisms. Animals are consumers.

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An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals. Because autotrophs produce their own food, they are sometimes called producers. Plants are the most familiar type of autotroph, but there are many different kinds of autotrophic organisms.

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The low rate of energy transfer between trophic levels makes decomposers generally more important than producers in terms of energy flow. Decomposers process large amounts of organic material and return nutrients to the ecosystem in inorganic form, which are then taken up again by primary producers.

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This is where an energy pyramid (sometimes called a trophic pyramid or ecological pyramid) is useful in quantifying the energy transfer from one organism to another along the food chain. Energy decreases as you move through the trophic levels from the bottom to the top of the pyramid.

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Global Warming Potential (100-year): 1. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities. In 2014, CO2 accounted for about 80.9% of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions from human activities.

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Products of Photosynthesis = Reactants of Cellular Respiration 

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Products of Photosynthesis = Reactants of Cellular Respiration 

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Most of the steps of cellular respiration take place in the mitochondria. Oxygen and glucose are both reactants in the process of cellular respiration. The main productof cellular respiration is ATP; waste products include carbon dioxide and water.

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Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

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It implies that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be change from one form to another. The law of conservation of mass states that the total amount of mass remains constant in an isolated system in spite of any physical or chemical changes that may take place.

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In physics, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant—it is said to be conserved over time. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it transforms from one form to another.

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The law of conservation of mass or principle of mass conservation states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as system mass cannot change quantity if it is not added or removed. Hence, the quantity of mass is "conserved" over time.

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The Calvin cycle refers to the light-independent reactions in photosynthesis that take place in three key steps. Although the Calvin Cycle is not directly dependent on light, it is indirectly dependent on light since the necessary energy carriers (ATP and NADPH) are products of light-dependent reactions.

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Photosynthesis takes place in two stages: light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH.

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a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

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The balanced equation for photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis can be represented using a chemical equation: Carbon dioxide + water + light energy gives a carbohydrate + oxygen.

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inputs: carbon dioxide, water, light

outputs: carbohydrate, oxygen, heat, glucose

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Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities.